CN109965719B

CN109965719B - kiln oven

Info

Publication number: CN109965719B
Application number: CN201811579790.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾锡铭; 廖立志
Original assignee: Shiyi Scientific Research Co ltd; Liao Zhengda
Current assignee: Shiyi Scientific Research Co ltd; Liao Zhengda
Priority date: 2017-12-27
Filing date: 2018-12-24
Publication date: 2023-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-24
Also published as: TW201927155A; BR102018076999A2; EP3504971A1; US20190195560A1; CN109965719A; TWI645785B; US10788266B2

Abstract

The kiln comprises a kiln body and a heat source, wherein the kiln body comprises a cavity, an air guide structure, an exhaust pipe and a heat storage piece, the cavity is provided with a kiln chamber, an inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet is positioned between the top of the front section of the kiln chamber and the inlet. The air guide structure is communicated with the air outlet and is provided with a guide plate; the exhaust pipe is arranged above the guide plate, and an exhaust channel is formed from the guide plate of the air guide structure to the exhaust pipe; the heat storage piece covers the outside of the cavity at a position corresponding to the top of the front section of the furnace cavity and contacts the guide plate; the heat source is used for heating the furnace chamber. Part of heat energy of the heat storage piece is transferred into the air guide structure to heat the exhaust channel to form heat transpiration, so that upward tension is generated, the speed of hot air flow discharge is accelerated, and the exhaust efficiency is improved.

Description

Kiln oven

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a heating device, and more particularly to a kiln.

Background

Conventional kiln ovens cook food materials such as pizza, chicken, stew, and the like. The oven body of the traditional oven is formed by stacking stone, an inlet is reserved on the front side surface of the oven body and communicated with the interior of the oven cavity, firewood is placed in the oven cavity through the inlet when the oven is used, the firewood is ignited to heat the oven cavity, and after the temperature of the oven cavity reaches the temperature suitable for baking food materials, the food materials are placed into the oven cavity through the inlet to cook the food materials.

The furnace body of the traditional kiln and oven is additionally connected with an exhaust pipe for discharging the exhaust gas in the furnace body to the outside of the furnace body, however, the exhaust pipe only exhausts the gas by a chimney effect, the exhaust effect is limited, the circulation of hot air flow in the furnace body can not be effectively promoted, and the heating efficiency of the kiln and oven is affected.

Therefore, the design of the traditional kiln and oven is not perfect, and the improvement is still needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a kiln oven capable of effectively improving the exhaust efficiency.

The invention provides a kiln oven which comprises a oven body and a heat source, wherein the oven body comprises a cavity, an air guide structure, an exhaust pipe and a heat storage piece, the cavity is provided with an oven cavity, an inlet and an air outlet, the oven cavity is provided with a front section and a rear section, the front section is communicated with the inlet, and the rear section is far away from the inlet; the air outlet is positioned between the top of the front section of the furnace chamber and the inlet; the air guide structure is arranged above the front section of the cavity body in the furnace chamber and is communicated with the air outlet, and the air guide structure is provided with a guide plate; the exhaust pipe is arranged above the guide plate, and an exhaust channel is formed from the guide plate of the air guide structure to the exhaust pipe; the heat storage piece covers the outside of the cavity at a position corresponding to the top of the front section of the furnace cavity and contacts the guide plate; the heat source is arranged on the furnace body and is used for heating the furnace chamber.

The invention has the advantages that part of heat energy of the heat storage piece is transferred into the air guide structure to heat the exhaust channel to form heat transpiration, thereby generating upward pulling force, accelerating the discharge speed of hot air flow, improving the exhaust efficiency and increasing the circulation effect of hot air flow in the furnace chamber.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a kiln oven according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the kiln of the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the door panel according to the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cavity of the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the kiln of the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the heat insulation structure of the preferred embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the kiln oven of the preferred embodiment described above.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the combustion apparatus according to the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the combustion apparatus according to the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the heating of the interior of the oven cavity of the oven in accordance with the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a combustion apparatus according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of the combustion apparatus according to the preferred embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a kiln oven according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the heat insulation structure and the heat conduction structure are omitted.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the kiln of the preferred embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a kiln oven according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a kiln oven according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a kiln 100 according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a furnace body 10, a housing 36, a door 38, and a heat source exemplified by a burner 40, wherein:

the furnace body 10 has a furnace chamber 12 and an inlet 14, the furnace chamber 12 has a front section 122 and a rear section 124, the front section 122 is communicated with the inlet 14, and the wall surface of the top of the front section 122 is inclined downwards towards the direction of the inlet 14; the rear section 124 is remote from the inlet 14, and the rear section 124 of the cavity 12 has an inner wall 124a facing the inlet 14, the wall surface of the top of the rear section 124 being inclined upwardly in a direction away from the inner wall 124 a. The oven cavity 12 further has a middle section 126 between the front section 122 and the rear section 124. The top wall of the middle section 126 is higher than the front section 122 and the rear section 124, and the maximum distance L between the top and the bottom of the middle section 126 is the same along the front section 122 toward the rear section 124 (see fig. 5), i.e., the maximum distance L between the top and the bottom of the middle section 126 is equal from front to back. The top wall of the rear section 124 is sloped downwardly from the middle section 126 in a direction away from the inlet 14.

In this embodiment, the furnace body 10 includes a cavity 16, an air guiding structure 18, a heat storage member 22, a heat insulation structure 24, and a base 28, wherein the cavity 16 is substantially arched, the cavity 16 is made of metal such as stainless steel, the front end is open and has the inlet 14, the rear end is closed and has the inner wall 124a, and the cavity 16 forms the furnace chamber 12. The cavity 16 is disposed on the base 28, the cavity 16 includes a main body 162, a first inclined plate 164 and a second inclined plate 166, a middle section 162a is disposed on top of the main body 162, the first inclined plate 164 and the second inclined plate 166 are respectively combined with the front side and the rear side of the middle section 162a, the area corresponding to the first inclined plate 164 is the front section 122 of the oven cavity 12, the area corresponding to the middle section 162a is the middle section 126 of the oven cavity 12, and the area corresponding to the second inclined plate 166 is the rear section 124 of the oven cavity 12. The inner surface of the first swash plate 164 forms the top wall of the front section 122 and the inner surface of the second swash plate 166 forms the top wall of the rear section 124.

The first inclined plate 164 of the cavity 16 has an air outlet 164a in communication with the inlet 14, the air outlet 164a being located between the top of the front section 122 of the cavity 12 and the inlet 14. The air guide structure 18 is disposed above the front section 122 of the cavity 16 in the oven cavity 12 and communicates with the air outlet 164 a. In this embodiment, the air guiding structure 18 includes a guiding plate 182 and a cover plate 184, the guiding plate 182 is combined with the first inclined plate 164, and forms an included angle smaller than 90 degrees with the first inclined plate 164, the cover plate 184 is arc-shaped, two sides of the cover plate 184 are combined with the cavity 16, an inner side surface of the cover plate 184 is combined with a periphery of the guiding plate 182, and a space S1 is formed among the cover plate 184, the guiding plate 182 and the first inclined plate 164 for accommodating the heat storage member 22. An exhaust pipe 20 is coupled to the cover 184 and located above the air guiding structure 18, the guiding plate is inclined upwards from the air outlet 164a in a direction away from the inlet 14, and an exhaust channel E is formed from the guiding plate 182 of the air guiding structure 18 to the exhaust pipe 20. The thermal storage member 22 is covered on the first inclined plate 164 (i.e., the position outside the cavity 16 corresponding to the top of the front section 122 of the cavity 12) and at least a portion thereof is located in the space S1 and contacts the air guide structure 18. In the present embodiment, a part of the heat storage member 22 is located in the space S1, and another part of the heat storage member protrudes from the air Outside space S1, and air guiding structure 18 contacts the outer surface of guide plate 182. The thermal conductivity of the heat storage member 22 is not less than 0.7W/(mK) and the heat storage density is not less than 1 KJ/m ³ K is preferably K, in the embodiment, the thermal conductivity is 0.8-0.93W/(mK), and the heat storage density is 1.4 KJ/m ³ K. The heat storage member 22 includes a plurality of stacked particles (e.g., sand particles, stone particles) with air therebetween, and the particles are prevented from sliding down due to the limitation of the space S1.

In addition, the heat insulation structure 24 covers the cavity 16 corresponding to the outer portions of the rear section 124 and the middle section 126 and is located at the periphery of the heat storage member 22, and the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation structure 24 is better than that of the heat storage member 22, so that the temperature of the middle section 126 of the oven cavity 12 is higher than that of the front section 122, and the heat convection effect is increased. In practice, the heat storage member 22 may not be provided, but the heat insulating structure 24 may be extended to cover the original position of the heat storage member 22. Referring to fig. 6, the heat insulation structure 24 includes, from outside to inside, a first reflective layer 241, a barrier layer 242, a thermal insulation layer 243, a second reflective layer 244, a thermal storage layer 245, and a heat conductive layer 246.

The thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer 246 is higher than that of the thermal storage layer 245, and the thermal conductive layer 246 is used for rapidly absorbing heat energy of a part of the cavity 16 so as to be conducted to the thermal storage layer 245, so that the heat energy is stored in the thermal storage layer 245. The thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer 246 is four times or more that of the thermal storage layer 245, and the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer 246 is preferably not less than 35W/(mK), and more preferably, the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer 246 is 40W/(mK) or more, and in this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer 246 is 40.096-46.285W/(mK). The thermal conductivity of the thermal storage layer 245 is preferably not greater than 8.5W/(mK), and preferably, the thermal conductivity of the thermal storage layer 245 is 8.3W/(mK) or less, and in this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the thermal storage layer 245 is 1.689-8.203W/(mK).

The second reflecting layer 244 includes a second heat reflecting surface 244a of metal, and the second heat reflecting surface 244a faces the heat accumulating layer 245 and the cavity 16, so as to reflect the radiant heat toward the cavity 16, and block 70% of the heat from being dissipated outside, and block the convective heat. And when the heat energy stored in the heat storage layer 245 is saturated, the heat energy emitted by the heat storage layer 245 is transmitted back to the cavity 16 by the heat conduction layer 246, thereby achieving the heat preservation effect of the cavity 16. The thermal conductivity of the second reflective layer 244 is preferably 0.62-0.72W/(mK), in this embodiment 0.67W/(mK).

In addition, the heat energy conducted by the second reflecting layer 244 will be kept in the heat insulating layer 243, and the heat insulating layer 243 has a thermal conductivity not higher than that of the heat accumulating layer 245, and preferably, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer 243 is lower than that of the heat accumulating layer 245. The barrier layer 242 is used for isolating the convection heat of the thermal insulation layer 243 to block the heat energy of the convection heat and reduce the convection of the thermal insulation layer 243, and has a thermal conductivity greater than that of the thermal insulation layer and less than that of the thermal storage layer 245. The first reflective layer 241 includes a first heat reflective surface 241a made of metal, and the first heat reflective surface 241a faces the heat insulating layer 243 and the cavity 16, and the radiant heat emitted from the heat insulating layer 243 is reflected from the first heat reflective surface 241a toward the cavity. . The thermal conductivity of the insulating layer 243 is preferably not more than 0.2W/(mK), and in this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the insulating layer 243 is 0.04-0.16W/(mK). The thermal conductivity of the barrier layer 243 is preferably 0.4-0.6W/(mK), and in this embodiment, the thermal conductivity is 0.483-0.551W/(mK).

A coating layer 26 can be further disposed outside the heat insulation structure 24, and the coating layer 26 is coated on the heat insulation structure 24 and the heat storage member 22 to fix the heat insulation structure 24 and the heat storage member 22. Of course, the coating layer 26 may not be provided.

In this embodiment, the first reflective layer 241 and the second reflective layer 244 may be made of aluminum foil, which can reflect radiant heat, and also effectively block heat sources, prevent water and moisture, and the like. The barrier layer 242 may comprise a refractory material, such as lime. The insulating layer 243 comprises a fibrous material, and air is arranged between the fibers, so that an insulating layer 243 with thermal conductivity close to that of air, such as ceramic fiber cotton, glass fiber and rock cotton, is formed, and the insulating effect is achieved. The heat storage layer 245 may be formed by mixing materials including clay, stone fine particles or powder, refractory materials, cement, and the like. The heat conductive layer 246 may be formed by mixing materials including silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, refractory materials, cement, and the like.

In addition to the above-described multi-layer arrangement of the heat-insulating structure, in practice, the heat-insulating structure 24 may be arranged in the following ways, which are exemplified but not limited thereto:

(1) At least comprises a heat conducting layer 246, a heat accumulating layer 245 and a second reflecting layer 244, wherein the heat conducting layer 246 contacts the cavity 16, and the heat accumulating layer 245 is positioned between the second reflecting layer 244 and the heat conducting layer 246.

(2) With the configuration of (1), the first reflective layer 241 and the thermal insulation layer 243 are further added on the second reflective layer 244. Or on the basis of the first reflective layer 241 and the thermal insulation layer 243, the thermal insulation layer 242 is further included between the thermal insulation layer 243 and the first reflective layer 241.

(3) At least comprises a first reflective layer 241 and a thermal insulation layer 243, wherein the thermal insulation layer 243 is located between the first reflective layer 241 and the cavity 16.

(4) In addition to the first reflective layer 241 and the thermal insulation layer 243, the barrier layer 242 is disposed between the thermal insulation layer 243 and the first reflective layer 241.

(5) Besides the first reflective layer 241 and the thermal insulating layer 243, the thermal storage layer 245 is located between the thermal insulating layer 243 and the cavity.

(6) The second reflective layer 244 is added between the thermal insulating layer 243 and the thermal storage layer 245 in the configuration of (5) above, or the thermal conductive layer 246 is added between the thermal storage layer 245 and the chamber 16 on the basis of the second reflective layer 244, and the thermal conductive layer 246 contacts the chamber 16.

(7) With the configuration of (5) above, the heat conducting layer 246 is further added, the heat conducting layer 246 contacts the cavity 16, and the heat accumulating layer 245 is located between the heat conducting layer 246 and the heat insulating layer 243.

In the present embodiment, the heat insulation structure 24 is applied to a heating device such as the kiln 100, but not limited thereto, and the heat insulation structure can also be disposed on a cavity of other heating devices, such as an oven, a baking device, a heating device, a heat preservation device, etc. If the housing 36 is disposed outside the heat insulation structure 24 and an air gap is provided between the housing 36 and the heat insulation structure 24 in this embodiment, the heat insulation effect can be further achieved.

The furnace body 10 is disposed on a base 30, more specifically, the furnace body 10 is disposed on the base 30 by the base 28, and the base 28 includes at least one carrier plate 282 and a heat insulation plate 284, in this embodiment, two carrier plates 282 face the furnace chamber 12, the carrier plates 282 are used for placing food materials, the heat insulation plate 284 is disposed below the carrier plates 282 and spans over a plurality of supports of the base 30, and in practice, the carrier plates 282 may be rock plates, and the heat insulation plate 284 may be rock wool plates. An air-isolated space is provided between the base 30 and the base 28 to achieve the heat-insulating effect. The base 30 is provided with a gas adjusting valve (not shown), and the gas adjusting valve has a knob 32 located at the front side of the base 30 for personnel to manually adjust the gas flow. An ignition switch 34 is further provided on the front side of the base 30.

The shell 36 is combined with the base 30 and is located outside the furnace body 10, and an isolation space S2 is formed between the shell 36 and the furnace body. The housing 36 is made of metal, such as stainless steel, and includes a front plate 362, a rear plate 364, and a cover 366, wherein the front plate 362 is coupled to the base 30 and is located at a front side of the inlet 14 of the furnace 10, the front plate 362 has a feed port 362a, the feed port 362a communicates with the inlet 14, and the feed port 362a communicates with an exhaust channel E formed from the guide plate 182 to the exhaust pipe 20. The front plate 362 is spaced apart from the furnace body 10 by a distance D1. The rear panel 364 is coupled to the base 30 and located at the rear side of the furnace body 10 with a distance D2 from the furnace body 10. The cover 366 has a front end 366a and a rear end 366b coupled to the front panel 362 and the rear panel 364, respectively, the cover 366 has a through hole 366c above the front section 122 of the cavity 20, and the through hole 366c allows the exhaust duct 20 to pass through. The cover 366 is spaced from the furnace body 10 by a distance D3. The front plate 362, the rear plate 364, and the distances D1, D2, D3 between the cover 366 and the furnace body 10 form the isolation space S2 with air for heat insulation, so as to prevent heat from being directly conducted from the furnace body 10 to the housing 36. Therefore, when designing a miniaturized kiln, the metal cavity can provide enough supporting force to support the heat insulation structure, so as to effectively overcome the defect that the volume of the conventional furnace body cannot be reduced due to the fact that the conventional furnace body is piled up by thick stone. In addition, the inner surface of the cover 366 of the shell 36 is further provided with a flame-proof layer 368, and the flame-proof layer 368 is coated with flame-proof paint to reduce the transmission of the waste heat dissipated from the furnace 10 to the outer surface of the cover 366, so as to avoid the overheating of the outer surface of the cover 366. In a miniaturized design, the flame-proof layer 368 can further prevent people from touching the cover 366 to get scalded. The inner surfaces of the front plate 362 and the rear plate 364 may be provided with a flame-proof layer 368, which can reduce the transmission of the waste heat from the furnace 10 to the housing 36.

The door 38 is configured to shield at least a portion of the inlet 14, the door 38 includes a main plate 382, at least one baffle 384 and a shielding plate 386, wherein the main plate 382 is detachably coupled to the furnace body 10 and located at the inlet, the main plate 382 has a plurality of first air vents 382a and a plurality of second air vents 382b, the plurality of first air vents 382a are located at the bottom of the main plate 382 and are arranged transversely, and the plurality of second air vents 382b are divided into two groups and are located above the first air vents 382a, and each group of second air vents 382b is arranged circularly. The at least one baffle 384 is two in number and is movably disposed on the outer side surface of the main plate 382 at positions corresponding to the respective sets of second air vents 382b, the baffle 384 has a plurality of adjusting holes 384a, and the plurality of second air vents 382b can be closed by rotating the baffle 384, or the second air vents 382b can be partially shielded to adjust the air flow passing through the second air vents 382b by the adjusting holes 384. The shielding plate 386 is coupled to an inner side surface of the main plate 382, and the shielding plate 386 seals the air outlet 164a when the door 38 is positioned at the inlet 14. Thereby isolating the exhaust passage E formed between the air guide structure 18 and the exhaust duct 20 from the interior of the cavity 12.

The combustion device 40 is disposed in the furnace chamber 12 and located at the rear section 124, and comprises at least one burner 42, a supporting component 46 and an infrared generating component 54, wherein the number of the at least one burner 42 is plural in the present embodiment, one end of the plurality of burners 42 is commonly connected to a splitter 44, and is connected to a gas adjusting valve in the base 30 by the splitter 44, another end of each burner 42 has a fire outlet 422, the burner 42 is used for burning gas to generate flame from the fire outlet 422, an ignition assembly 56 is disposed beside the burner 42, the ignition assembly 56 is connected with the ignition switch 34 for igniting the gas outputted from the fire outlet 422, and the ignition assembly 56 comprises an igniter and a pilot fire pipeline. An axis i is defined in each burner 42 longitudinally upward and passes through the center of each of the ports 422.

The support assembly 46 includes a cover plate 48, the cover plate 48 is disposed above the burners 42 in a substantially bowl shape, and the cover plate 48 is located at a position more than half of the maximum distance L between the top and the bottom of the middle section 126 of the cavity 12 in a vertical direction (refer to fig. 5), the cover plate 48 has at least one hollow area, in this embodiment, a plurality of hollow areas, including an opening 482 and a plurality of holes 484, the opening 482 corresponds to the outlet 422 of each burner 42. The infrared generating element 54 is disposed on the supporting element 46, and the cover plate 48 is disposed between the infrared generating element 45 and the burner 42, in this embodiment, the infrared generating element 54 is disposed above the cover plate 48, the flame generated by each burner 42 acts on the infrared generating element 54 through the opening 482 on the cover plate 48, so that the infrared generating element 54 generates infrared rays, the infrared generating element 54 has a radiating surface 542a for radiating infrared rays, and the radiating surface 542a faces the cover plate 48 and corresponds to the opening 482 and the holes 484, so that the generated infrared rays pass through the holes 484 and the openings 482. In practice, the radial surface 542a at least corresponds to the plurality of holes 484. The radial surface 542a forms an angle θ with the axis i, and the angle θ is between 100 degrees and 135 degrees. In addition, the cover plate 48 also helps maintain the temperature of the infrared generating assembly 54 and reduces the dissipation of heat energy from the infrared generating assembly 54.

In this embodiment, the support assembly 46 further comprises a support plate 50 and another cover plate 52, the support plate 50 has a first portion 502 and a second portion 504 located above the first portion 502, the first portion 502 and the second portion 504 form an obtuse angle, and a gap a1 is formed between the first portion 502 and the inner wall 124a of the rear section 124; the second portion 504 has a gap a2 from the wall at the top of the rear section 124. The plurality of burners 42 are disposed on the first portion 502, the other cover plate 52 is disposed on the second portion 504 and combined with the cover plate 48, and a space S3 is formed between the two cover plates 48, 52. The infrared generating component 54 is located in the accommodating space S3. The other cover plate 52 also has a plurality of apertures 522. The shield plate 52 also helps maintain the temperature of the infrared generating element 54 and reduces the dissipation of heat energy from the infrared generating element 54.

The infrared generating component 54 includes an infrared generating net 542 and a reflecting plate 544, wherein the infrared generating net 542 has two opposite surfaces, one of which is the radiating surface 542a, and the other of which is the reflecting surface 544a of the reflecting plate 544, and the reflecting surface 544a is curved and concave in a direction away from the infrared generating net 542, so as to reflect the infrared light emitted from the other radiating surface 542b downward. The cover plate 48 protrudes outwards away from the infrared generating net 542 of the infrared generating component 54, so that the outer surface of the cover plate 48 is an outwards protruding arc surface, the cover plate 48 can generate infrared rays after being heated, and the arc surface can increase the range covered by infrared radiation. In this embodiment, the infrared generating net 542 has a plurality of mesh openings, each of which has a size smaller than the size of each of the apertures 484, 522 in each of the cover plates 48, 52. The outlets 422 of the plurality of burners 42 correspond to different locations of the infrared generating net 542, respectively.

The infrared generating mesh 542 may be an alloy mesh, such as a special heat resistant steel FCHW2, an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy mesh, or an iron-nickel-aluminum alloy mesh. The cover plates 48, 52 may be made of stainless steel. The reflector 544 can be made of a metal alloy that reflects infrared light. The reflector 544 may not be practically provided.

The infrared generating assembly 34 and the cover plate 48 form a heating assembly of a heat source for heating the oven cavity 10 by heat energy generated, thereby heating the food material from top to bottom to uniformly heat the surface of the food material.

With the above structure, the heating method of the kiln 100 of the present invention can be performed, which comprises the following steps:

first, a person manipulates the knob 32 and the ignition switch 34 of the gas regulating valve to control the burner 42 to generate a flame. Referring to fig. 7 and 10, after the flame is generated, the infrared generating component 54 is heated, so that the infrared generating component 54 generates infrared rays. In this embodiment, the flame acts on the infrared generating net 542, so that the two radiating surfaces 542a, 542b of the infrared generating net 542 radiate infrared rays, and the infrared rays radiated from the radiating surface 542a near the cover plate 48 are radiated to the carrier plate 282 through the holes 484 of the cover plate 48, so that a larger heating area is provided. The infrared rays emitted from the emitting surface 542b near the reflecting plate 544 are reflected by the reflecting surface 544a of the reflecting plate 544 toward the infrared generating mesh 542 and are irradiated to the carrier plate 282 through the mesh of the infrared generating mesh 542 and the holes 484 of the cover plate 48, so as to enhance the intensity of the infrared rays irradiated to the carrier plate 282. Since the axis i of the burner 42 forms an angle of 100 to 135 degrees with the radiation surface of the infrared ray generation screen 542, the flame can act on the radiation surfaces 542a, 542b of the infrared ray generation screen 542 on average, and the optimum infrared ray radiation effect can be achieved. The flame generated by the burner 42 also acts on the shroud 48, causing the shroud 48 to generate infrared radiation, which also enhances the intensity of the infrared radiation impinging on the carrier 282.

The temperature of the infrared generating component 54 is maintained between 900-1100 ℃, and the infrared rays penetrating out of the holes 484 of the cover plate 48 have a preferred infrared wavelength range, preferably 4-8 microns, by the blocking of the cover plate 48, so as to have a preferred penetrating power on the food material heated on the carrier plate 282, thereby heating the interior of the food material. The outer surface of the shroud 48 (the surface facing away from the infrared light generating assembly 54) has a temperature between 600 and 800 c.

The flames generated by the burner 42 are blown upward through the holes 484, 522 of the two cover plates 48, 52, and an open flame is formed at the top of the middle section 126, and the open flame is used for heating the surface of the food material, for example, coking the surface of the food material, so as to bake out golden yellow. Thus, the combustion device 40 can generate a larger heating area, achieve the purpose of uniform heating, and improve the heating efficiency.

Coke is produced on the infrared generating assembly 54 during combustion of the gas, and the steam produced during combustion of the gas is heated again to form superheated steam, which reacts to produce water gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce combustion supporting effect when passing through the hot coke of 900-1100 ℃ on the infrared generating assembly.

For example, the reaction of water vapor to produce water gas through coke at high temperature is as follows:

C + H ₂ O → H ₂ + CO－113.4KJ。

wherein the heat energy is-113.4-KJ, which represents heat absorption but generates H ₂ And CO with the water vapor generated by combustion will release heat in the following reaction:

CO + H ₂ O → H ₂ + CO ₂ + 42.71 KJ；H ₂ + 1/2 O ₂ → H ₂ O + 237.4 KJ。

the total heat evolved was 280.11KJ, and the subtraction of the foregoing dissipated-113.4 KJ still produced 166.71 KJ heat. It is seen that the superheated steam has an effect of improving heating efficiency by the water gas generated by the coke on the infrared ray generation unit 54. Therefore, the effect of saving the consumption of gas can be achieved. The advantage of the infrared generating element 54 being located between the two cover plates 48, 52 is that the temperature of the infrared generating element 54 can be maintained by the cover plates 48, 52, and the temperature of the infrared generating element 54 can be maintained between 900-1100 ℃ for generating water gas at a limited gas consumption. The cover plates 48, 52 are recessed away from the infrared generating assembly 54 to concentrate and reflect a portion of the heat energy toward the infrared generating assembly 54, thereby providing a better temperature maintaining effect. The single mask 48 also helps maintain the temperature of the infrared generating assembly 54 at 900-1100 c, however, the gas requirements will be higher than for the two masks 48, 52.

The temperature of the superheated steam is more than 300 ℃, water molecules of the superheated steam become smaller steam, the superheated steam can be used for heating food materials, the superheated steam can penetrate food and dissolve fat at high temperature, the heating efficiency of cooking food materials is improved, and the steam emitted by the food materials is heated into the superheated steam to impose heating efficiency more.

The combustion apparatus 40 creates a high temperature zone at a higher location such that the flow of hot gases formed by combustion (i.e., the flow of hot gases formed by the heat energy generated by the heat generating components of the heat source) is directed downwardly through the top wall of the front section 122 of the oven cavity 12, which facilitates recirculation to the burner 42 and reduces heat loss. In addition, the hot air flow is returned and external air is introduced from the inlet 14 to supplement the combustion air. By mixing the recirculated hot air flow with the external air, the temperature of the air flow recirculated to the burner 42 can be raised to avoid direct recirculation of cold air to the burner 42, thereby reducing heat loss and increasing heating efficiency.

In addition, the heat insulation structure 24 covers the cavity 16, so that the effect of maintaining the temperature in the furnace chamber 12 can be achieved, heat energy of the combustion device 40 is reduced to be dissipated through the cavity 16, the temperature of the infrared generating assembly 54 is maintained at 900-1100 ℃, and gas consumption is reduced. The thermal storage 22 will carry away some of the thermal energy from the top of the front section of the oven cavity 12, causing the top of the front section 122 of the oven cavity 12 to be at a relatively lower temperature than the top of the middle section 126, helping to press the hot air flow downward. The effect of the hot air flow flowing back to the burner 42 is improved, the heating efficiency is increased, the temperature of 900-1100 ℃ of the infrared generating component 54 is maintained, and the consumption of gas is reduced.

By the heating method, the food materials in the furnace chamber can be fully heated, and the consumed gas quantity can be reduced.

It should be noted that, the gaps a1 between the first portion 502 and the second portion 504 of the supporting plate 50 and the inner wall 124a of the rear section 124 of the oven cavity 12 and the gap a2 between the top wall of the rear section 124 can generate a laminar airflow, and the back-flowing hot airflow is pulled up again, so that the circulation effect of the hot airflow in the oven cavity 12 is better.

The surplus hot air flow is discharged from the air outlet 164a through the air guide structure 18 and the air discharge pipe 20. During the exhaust process, external cold air is pulled into the air guiding structure 18 and the exhaust pipe 20 from the inlet 362a of the front panel 362 and the inlet 14 through the outlet 164a, so as to reduce the temperature of the front panel 362 and the temperature of the exhaust pipe 20, and prevent people from being scalded when touching the front panel 362 and the exhaust pipe 20. Because the heat storage member 22 contacts the air guide structure 18, part of heat energy of the heat storage member 22 can be transferred into the air guide structure 18 to heat the exhaust channel E to form heat transpiration, thereby generating upward pulling force, accelerating the speed of hot air flow discharge, improving the exhaust efficiency and increasing the hot air flow circulation effect in the furnace chamber. The upwardly inclined guide plate 182 also increases the flow guiding effect, so that the exhaust efficiency is improved. In addition, the velocity of the hot air flow is increased, so that the velocity of the cold air drawn into the air guiding structure 18 is increased, and the temperatures of the front panel 362 and the exhaust pipe 20 are further reduced. The position of the exhaust duct 20 above the front section 122 of the oven cavity 20 also allows for a shorter exhaust path and faster exhaust.

Fig. 11 and 12 show a kiln burner 60 according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the construction of the burner 40 according to the first preferred embodiment, and further comprises a steam generating assembly 62 for generating steam for superheated steam during combustion, wherein the steam generating assembly 62 comprises a steam source, for example a water tank 64, a first pipe 66 and a second pipe 68, wherein the water tank 64 is located at one side of the burner 42, more specifically, the water tank 64 is arranged between the first portion 502 of the support plate 50 and the plurality of burners 42, and the water tank has a water filling port 642 for supplying water. The first pipe 66 is connected to the top of the water tank 64, and two ends of the first pipe 66 are communicated with the interior of the water tank 64, and a pipe segment 662 of the first pipe 66 has a plurality of injection holes 662a, in practice, at least one injection hole 662a may be provided, and the pipe segment 662 is located between the flame outlet 422 of the burner 42 and the radiation surface 542a of the infrared generating component 54. The second pipe 68 has both ends connected to both sides of the water tank 64 and communicates with the inside of the water tank 64, and the second pipe 68 surrounds the burner 42, and the second pipe 68 has a pipe segment 682 below the outer surface of the hood 48 and the burner 42 is located between the pipe segment 682 and the water tank 64. The pipe 682 has a plurality of holes 682a, and the holes 682a may be at least one in practice, toward the front of the furnace chamber 12.

After the water tank 64 of the steam generating assembly 62 is heated, the water vapor is sprayed from the spraying holes 662a of the first pipe 66, and the water vapor is guided to the infrared generating net 542 by the first pipe 66 to form superheated water vapor for generating water gas, and the superheated water vapor sprayed from the spraying holes 662a of the first pipe 66 is also used as superheated water vapor for heating food. The steam ejected from the nozzle 682a of the second line 68 is mainly superheated steam for heating the food material, and may be superheated steam for generating water gas.

The steam generated by the steam generating component 62 can be used as a source of superheated steam to effectively improve the heating efficiency. In practice, only one of the first conduit 66 and the second conduit 68 may be provided. The vapor source may also be located outside the oven cavity, directly connecting the first and second lines 66, 68 to the vapor source.

Fig. 13 and 14 show a kiln 300 according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, which has a structure substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the main body 702 of the cavity 70, the first inclined plate 704 and the second inclined plate 706 are folded together to form a blocking wall 70a, and the blocking wall 70a can effectively increase the strength of the cavity 70 and can prevent the heat storage member 22 or the heat insulation structure 24 from sliding down. For example, the heat storage member 22 is prevented from sliding off the first sloping plate 704 by a plurality of blocking ribs 70a around the first sloping plate 704 surrounding the portion of the heat storage member 22 outside the space S1. The blocking wall 70a at other positions of the cavity 70 can prevent the heat insulation structure 24 from sliding down, and increase the bonding strength between the cavity and the heat insulation structure.

The exhaust pipe 72 of the present embodiment includes an outer pipe 722 and an inner pipe 724, wherein one end of the outer pipe 722 is connected to the housing 36 and communicates the isolation space S2 in the housing 36 with the outside of the cover 366 of the housing 36; the inner tube 724 passes through the perforations 366c of the cover 366 and communicates with the air guide structure 18 and with the exterior of the cover 366. Thereby, the excessive hot air in the insulation space S2 can be discharged to the outside through the outer tube 722, reducing the heat of the insulation space S2 from being transmitted out of the case 36, and lowering the temperature of the front panel 362. The structure of the outer pipe 722 and the inner pipe 724 of the exhaust pipe of the present embodiment can be applied to the first embodiment as described above.

In addition, the carrier 74 of the present embodiment is disc-shaped and rotatably disposed at the bottom of the cavity 70, and more specifically, a driving motor 78 is disposed in the base 76, and the driving motor 78 is connected to the carrier 74 through a rotating member 80 to drive the carrier 74 to rotate. Thus, the food material placed on the carrier plate 74 can be heated more uniformly. The rotatable design of the carrier 74 of this embodiment is equally applicable to the first embodiment.

Fig. 15 shows a kiln oven 400 according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention, which has a structure substantially identical to that of the first embodiment, except that in the first embodiment, a gas regulating valve is used to manually regulate the flow of gas to the burner 42, and in the present embodiment, a control system is used to replace the manual regulation by a person. The control system of the oven of the present embodiment comprises a temperature detector 82, a flow rate adjusting device 84 and a control device 86 in the base 30, as follows:

The temperature sensor 82 is disposed in the cavity 12 for detecting the temperature in the cavity 12. The temperature sensor 82 is located in the middle section 126 of the oven cavity in this embodiment, but may be located in the front section 122 of the oven cavity 12.

The flow regulator 84 communicates with the at least one burner 42, and the flow regulator valve 844 is controlled to regulate the flow of gas to the at least one burner 42. The flow regulator 84 in this embodiment includes a channel valve 842 and a flow regulator 844, wherein one end of the channel valve 842 is connected to the gas source, one end of the flow regulator 844 is connected to the channel valve 842, and the other end is connected to the splitter 44 for communication with the plurality of burners 42. The channel valve 842 is controlled to block or open to allow the gas to stop or pass; the flow rate regulating valve 844 is controlled to regulate the flow rate of gas output to the plurality of burners 42.

The control device 86 is electrically connected to the temperature detector 82, the channel valve 842 and the flow regulating valve 844 of the flow regulating device 84, and the ignition assembly 56, an input unit 88 and a display unit 90, wherein the input unit 88 is used for inputting an ignition command and a set temperature by personnel; the display unit 90 is used for displaying messages.

After a person inputs an ignition command from the input unit 88, the control device 86 controls the ignition assembly 56 to ignite and the channel valve 842 to open to ignite the gas in the burner 42. Then the control device 86 controls the flow control valve 844 of the flow control device 84 to adjust the output gas flow according to the inputted set temperature and the temperature of the oven cavity detected by the temperature detector 82, so that the temperature in the oven cavity 12 is maintained in a constant temperature range corresponding to the set temperature. Thus, the purpose of automatic constant temperature can be achieved.

For the purpose of infrared heating, in this embodiment, when the gas flow outputted from the flow regulator 84 is above a predetermined flow, the burner 40 can generate infrared rays with a predetermined wavelength range to emit toward the middle section 126 and the front section 122 of the oven cavity 12, and the predetermined range is 4-8 μm. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector 82 is within the constant temperature range or is higher than the upper limit of the constant temperature range, the control device 86 controls the flow rate adjusting valve 844 of the flow rate adjusting device 84 such that the gas flow rate outputted by the flow rate adjusting valve 844 is not lower than the predetermined flow rate. Thus, the oven cavity 12 can still generate infrared rays for heating food materials when maintaining constant temperature. If the gas flow rate outputted by the flow rate adjusting device 84 is a maximum gas flow rate, the predetermined flow rate is preferably not less than one third of the maximum gas flow rate.

The oven 400 of the present embodiment further comprises an infrared detector 92, a flame sensor 94 and a carbon monoxide detector 96 electrically connected to the control device 86, wherein the infrared detector 92 is disposed at the bottom of the middle section 126 of the oven cavity 12, and the infrared detector 92 is used for burning the wavelength of the infrared emitted from the device 40. The control device 86 controls the display unit 90 to send a prompt message (for example, a light or text prompt) when the wavelength of the infrared light detected by the infrared light detector 92 is within the predetermined wavelength range, so as to prompt the user that the combustion device 40 has generated the infrared light suitable for penetrating the food. Of course, the infrared detector 92 may also be disposed at the front section 122 of the oven cavity 12.

The flame sensor 94 is disposed on top of the middle section 126 of the oven cavity 12, and the flame sensor 94 is located higher than the infrared generating component 54; the control device 86 controls the display unit 90 to display a prompt message when the flame sensor 94 detects the flame, so as to prompt the user that an open flame is generated to heat the food.

The carbon monoxide detector 96 is disposed in the exhaust passage E for detecting the concentration of carbon monoxide in the gas flow passing through the exhaust passage E. The control device 86 controls the channel valve 842 of the flow regulator 84 to block the gas when the carbon monoxide concentration measured by the carbon monoxide detector 96 is higher than a predetermined value. Therefore, the harm to human bodies caused by the too high concentration of carbon monoxide in the discharged gas is avoided.

Fig. 16 shows a kiln oven 500 according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention, which has a structure substantially the same as that of the fourth embodiment, except that the flow regulator 98 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of gas switching valves 982 electrically connected to the control device 99, the plurality of gas switching valves 982 respectively communicate with the plurality of burners 42 and are controlled by the control device 99 to be individually blocked or opened to regulate the flow of gas outputted to the plurality of burners 42. When all of the gas switching valves 982 are opened, the gas flow rate outputted to the plurality of burners 42 is the maximum gas flow rate, and when only one of the gas switching valves 982 is opened, the gas flow rate outputted from the flow rate adjusting device 98 is the predetermined flow rate at which the combustion device 40 can generate infrared rays of a predetermined wavelength range. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector 82 is within the constant temperature range or is higher than the upper limit of the constant temperature range, the control device 99 controls at least one of the gas switch valves 982 to be opened, so that the infrared generating component 54 is maintained at a temperature that allows the combustion device 40 to generate infrared rays of a predetermined wavelength range.

In this embodiment, the temperature detected by the temperature detector 82 is at or above the upper limit of the constant temperature range, and the control device 99 controls the gas switching valves 982 to be alternately opened to alternately enable the burner 42 to generate flame, for example, if only the first gas switching valve 982 is opened, after a period of time, the second gas switching valve 982 is opened, and then the first gas switching valve 982 is closed; after a period of time, the third gas switching valve 982 is opened, and then the second gas switching valve 982 is closed; then, the first gas switching valve 982 is opened, and the third gas switching valve 982 is closed. In this way, the burner 42 can alternately generate flame to heat different positions of the infrared generating component 54, so as to avoid the damage of the infrared generating component 54 caused by early degradation of the flame due to the fact that the flame is only applied to one position. The control systems of the fourth and fifth preferred embodiments are equally applicable to the second and third embodiments.

Therefore, the kiln and oven of the invention can effectively improve the heating efficiency and shorten the time of cooking materials by the design of the combustion device and the oven body structure. In addition, the combustion device and the heat insulation structure of the invention are not limited to being applied to a kiln and an oven, and can be applied to other heating equipment. The kiln and oven of the first, second and third embodiments are not limited to the combustion device of each of the above embodiments, but may be a firewood, a fire row provided in the oven chamber, or an electrothermal heat source, preferably a heat source capable of generating infrared rays.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the description and the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Description of the reference numerals

100 kiln oven

10 furnace body 12 furnace chamber 122 front section

124 rear section 124a inner wall 126 middle section

14 inlet 16 cavity 162 body

162a middle section 164a first inclined plate 164a air outlet

166 second inclined plate 18 air guide structure 182 guide plate

184 apron 20 blast pipe 22 heat accumulation spare

24 first heat-insulating structure 241 first reflective layer 241a first heat-reflective surface

242 insulating layer 243 insulating layer 244 second reflective layer

244a second thermally reflective surface 245 thermal storage layer 246 barrier layer

26 coating 28 base 282 carrier plate

284 insulation board 30 base 302 bracket

32 knob 34 ignition switch 36 shell

362 front panel 362a feed inlet 364 rear panel

366 cover 366a front end 366b rear end

366c perforation 368 flame retardant layer 38 door panel

382 main plate 382a first air vent 382b second air vent

384 baffle 384a adjusting hole 386 shielding plate

40 burner 42 burner 422 fire outlet

44 diverter 46 support assembly 48 shroud

482 open 484 hole 50 support plate

502 first portion 504 second portion 52 housing plate

522 hole 54 infrared ray generation assembly 542 infrared ray generation net

542a radiating surface 542b radiating surface 544 reflecting plate

544a reflecting surface 56 ignition assembly

60 burner 62 vapor generating assembly 64 tank

642 water fill port 66 first conduit 662 pipe section

662a spray hole 68 second pipeline 682 section

682a nozzle

300 kiln oven

70 cavity 702 main body 704 first sloping plate

706 second sloping plate 70a blocking wall 72 exhaust pipe

722 outer tube 724 inner tube 74 carrier plate

76 base 78 driving motor 80 rotating member

400 kiln oven

82 temperature detector 84 flow regulator 842 channel valve

844 flow regulating valve 86 control device 88 input unit

90 display unit 92 infrared detector 94 flame sensor

96 carbon monoxide detector

500 kiln oven

98 flow regulator 982 gas switch valve 99 control device

a1 gap a2 gap

D1 pitch D2 pitch D3 pitch

E distance of exhaust passage i axis L

S1 space S2 isolation space S3 accommodating space

Included angle theta

Claims

1. A kiln oven comprising:

the furnace body comprises a cavity, an air guide structure and a heat storage piece, wherein:

the cavity is provided with a furnace chamber, an inlet and an air outlet, the furnace chamber is provided with a front section and a rear section, the front section is communicated with the inlet, and the rear section is far away from the inlet; the air outlet is positioned between the top of the front section of the furnace chamber and the inlet;

the air guide structure is arranged above the front section of the cavity body in the furnace chamber and is communicated with the air outlet;

the heat storage piece comprises a plurality of piled particles, air is arranged among the particles, and the particles of the heat storage piece cover the position outside the cavity corresponding to the top of the front section of the furnace chamber and contact the air guide structure;

The exhaust pipe is arranged above the air guide structure, and an exhaust channel is formed from the air guide structure to the exhaust pipe; and

the heat source is arranged on the furnace body and is used for heating the furnace chamber;

the air guide structure is provided with a guide plate which is inclined upwards from the air outlet to the direction deviating from the inlet; the guide plate forms the exhaust passage to the exhaust pipe; the heat accumulating piece contacts with the outer surface of the guide plate;

the air guide structure comprises a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is combined with the cavity and the guide plate, a space is formed among the cover plate, the guide plate and the cavity, at least one part of the particles of the heat storage piece is positioned in the space, and the space limits the particles positioned in the space to avoid sliding off.

2. The kiln oven of claim 1, wherein a portion of the heat storage member is located in the space and another portion is located outside the space; the cavity is provided with a plurality of blocking ribs which surround the part of the heat storage piece outside the space.

3. The oven of claim 2, wherein the cavity comprises a first inclined plate having the plurality of blocking walls around its periphery, the inner surface of the first inclined plate forming the top wall of the front section of the oven cavity, the first inclined plate being inclined downward toward the inlet; the heat storage member is covered on the first sloping plate.

4. The kiln oven of claim 3, wherein the heat source is disposed in a rear section of the oven cavity.

5. The kiln of claim 1, comprising a housing positioned outside the body and defining an isolation space with the body; the exhaust pipe comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe, and the outer pipe is communicated with the isolation space and the outside of the shell; the inner tube is communicated with the air guide structure and the outside of the outer shell.

6. The kiln of claim 5, wherein the housing comprises a front panel having a feed opening in communication with the inlet, the front panel being spaced from the body by a distance, the feed opening in communication with the exhaust channel.

7. The kiln oven of claim 1, wherein the oven cavity has a middle section located between the front section and the rear section; the furnace body comprises a heat insulation structure which covers the outside of the cavity corresponding to the rear section and the middle section, so that the temperature of the middle section is higher than that of the front section.

8. The kiln of claim 7, wherein the insulating structure comprises a thermally conductive layer, a thermally storage layer, and a reflective layer, the thermally conductive layer contacting the cavity, the thermally storage layer being located between the reflective layer and the thermally conductive layer; the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer is greater than the thermal conductivity of the thermal storage layer.

9. The kiln of claim 8, wherein the insulating structure further comprises another reflective layer and a thermal insulating layer, the thermal insulating layer being located between the reflective layer and the another reflective layer; wherein, the thermal conductivity of the heat preservation layer is not higher than that of the heat storage layer.

10. The kiln as recited in claim 9, wherein the insulating structure further comprises a barrier layer between the insulating layer and the another reflective layer.

11. The kiln oven of claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermal storage member is not less than 0.7W/(mK).

12. The kiln as recited in claim 1, wherein the heat storage density of the heat storage member is not less than 1KJ/m ³ K。