US20040246104A1 - Method for monitoring goods - Google Patents

Method for monitoring goods Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040246104A1
US20040246104A1 US10/677,380 US67738003A US2004246104A1 US 20040246104 A1 US20040246104 A1 US 20040246104A1 US 67738003 A US67738003 A US 67738003A US 2004246104 A1 US2004246104 A1 US 2004246104A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
transponder
transponders
recorded
influence variables
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/677,380
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English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Baechtiger
Charles Zehnder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
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Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Assigned to SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG reassignment SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BAECHTIGER, ROLF, ZEHNDER, CHARLES
Publication of US20040246104A1 publication Critical patent/US20040246104A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • G06K17/0022—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisious for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0716—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising a sensor or an interface to a sensor
    • G06K19/0717—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising a sensor or an interface to a sensor the sensor being capable of sensing environmental conditions such as temperature history or pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for monitoring goods and also to a monitoring system for implementing the aforementioned method.
  • the present invention is concerned with the field of monitoring and tracking of goods to be transported by transport means or also of goods within an area.
  • Document DE 196 28 801 A1 discloses a computer-aided goods management system whereby stationary or mobile reading/writing equipment connected to transponders on the vehicles is arranged along the planned route, in order to exchange data. The onward journey of the relevant transport vehicle is permitted or prevented depending on the results of the check of the exchanged data.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a monitoring system for goods that, without manual procedures, monitors a number of goods or goods containers with respect to the instantaneous location and the relevant influence factors, so that intervention based on the corresponding data is possible before delivery to th destination.
  • the transponder transmits the recorded influence variables to each other via their transmitting/receiving modules
  • one of the transponders transmits, via its transmitting/receiving module of the communication unit allowed to the transport means, all of the influence variables recorded by the transponders.
  • a method is provided that autonomously and automatically records influence variables on goods and makes this information accessible to a communication unit for evaluation.
  • the means required for performing the method can be allocated in a simple manner to the goods to be transported or stored thanks to radio communication of the transponders with each other.
  • the recorded influence variables from a number of transport means can be monitored and measures for intervention, correction or help can be activated very early in the event of deviations from the permissible values of the influence variables being detected. In this way, further damage to the transported goods can be avoided in individual cases.
  • the sensor means for recording the influence variables can also be allowed to a container holding the goods, without this requiring the method in accordance with the invention to be modified.
  • mixed operation is possible on one transport means with some sensors being allocated to containers and others directly to the goods.
  • Messages output by the communication unit to the transponder at the start of a transport are determined on the basis of acknowledge messages of the particular transponder that transmits all of the influence variables recorded by the transponders to the communication unit. This means that when loading no account needs to be taken of the stacking of containers or goods or of the allocation of transponders to containers or goods.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an arrangement on a ship of the compounds of the system in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 depicts an arrangement on a train of the components of the system in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 3 a depicts an arrangement of a transponder on a container
  • FIG. 3 b depicts a block diagram of a transponder
  • FIG. 4 depicts a block diagram of the functional components of a transmitting/receiving unit on a means of locomotion
  • FIG. 5 depicts a topological arrangement of transponders.
  • FIG. 1 shows a ship with a ship's hold 8 as a transport means 2 , that holds containers 5 in a free and unordered manner, in which the goods to be transported 3 are contained.
  • a communication unit 4 is fitted, preferably on the deck of the ship.
  • each container 5 is provided with a transponder 1 .
  • Each of these transponders 1 is connected to at least one sensor means 20 . Influence variables detected by the sensor means 20 are recorded in the associated transponder 1 . One or more of the following influence variables can be recorded by sensor means 20 .
  • Acceleration e.g. impact, shock or vibration.
  • FIG. 2 A second arrangement of goods 3 transported in containers 5 is shown in FIG. 2 as a freight train.
  • the transponders 1 do not need to be attached to a container 5 , but can instead be mounted directly on one of the goods 3 to be transported, as is shown on the second goods wagon in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 a shows an example of the mounting of a transponder 1 on a container 5 .
  • the transponder 1 is mounted on the corrugated outer wall 7 of a container 5 by means of a supporting element 6 .
  • the preferred form of a transponder 1 is as an “electronic ticket” such as is disclosed in document WO 01/20557 A1 (Siemens Transit Telematic systems AG).
  • a transponder 1 of this kind is typically the size of a credit card,
  • the supporting element 6 can preferably be a plastic compound or a fabric pocket. If it is a fabric pocket, his is preferably affixed to a predetermined point of a container 5 by means of a hook and eye closure.
  • the fabric pocket itself can also be provided with a closure in order to hold a specific transponder within it in a simple manner.
  • the sealing can also be based on a hook and eye closure. Thanks to the small size of the transponder, 1 including the supporting element 6 it can be attached in a “valley” of the corrugated surface of the container 5 . This minimizes the danger of shearing off or pulling off, e.g. during loading.
  • a connection line can be pulled through to a sensor means 20 within the container 5 through an opening in the outer wall 7 , By means of this sensor means 20 , the air temperature inside the container 5 , for example, can be recorded.
  • an ionizing radiation or acceleration such as vibration, impact or sock the sensor means can also be mounted outside on the outer wall 7 of the container 5 .
  • the chemical composition of the ambient air sum as the amount of nitrogen N 2 or the presence of exhaust gases.
  • the attachment of the transponder 1 can be such that the transponder 1 is secured by a wire loop that carries a current at the transponder end.
  • the wire loop is passed through the interface module 15 , which is described in more detail below. This enables unauthorized removal of a transponder 1 from a container 5 or from a good 3 to be determined and an alarm for the attention of intervention forces to be triggered if necessary.
  • FIG. 3 b is a block diagram of a transponder 1 showing the following components.
  • Processor module 13 and memory module 14 are identical to Processor module 13 and memory module 14 .
  • Interface module 15 to which at least one sensor means is connection via the connecting link 19 is connection via the connecting link 19 .
  • Power supply module 16 with battery 17 (the electrical connections are not shown).
  • the aforementioned modules 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 and 15 are connected to each other via a bus system 10 .
  • transponders 1 are wakened from sleep by a signal, e.g a 7.68 MHz signal. At a higher layer this signal contains a message with various information fields. These also contain information on the basis of which the second transmitting/receiving module 12 is switched to an intermittent mode, with this second transmitting/receiving module 12 preferably being operated at a substantially higher frequency, e.g. in the 868 MHz range.
  • a signal e.g a 7.68 MHz signal.
  • this signal contains a message with various information fields.
  • these also contain information on the basis of which the second transmitting/receiving module 12 is switched to an intermittent mode, with this second transmitting/receiving module 12 preferably being operated at a substantially higher frequency, e.g. in the 868 MHz range.
  • the wake-up can be automatically achieved by a device during the attachment of the ticket or transponder 1 to a container 5 or during the loading of ship 2 . To do this, all that is required for the communication unit 4 or its antenna 473 to be positioned close to the loading opening for the ship's hold 8 and switched to the “wake-up” mode.
  • the transponder 1 has, in accordance with document WO 01/20557 A1, a high degree of autonomy.
  • the interval for the bi-directional communication can be set to a longer grid in a range of some minutes or even more. This enables the autonomy to be further increased.
  • the transponders 1 each have their own identity. If transponder 1 is allocated to container 5 or transport good 1 , this is to be recorded for subsequent evaluation and monitoring. This can be carried out by using a mobile writing/reading device, the data of which is later transmitted to a center. By means of this device, a transponder can also be wakened at a frequency of, e.g. 7.68 MHz by means of the method described in WO 01/20557 A1, or it is also possible to transmit the data in the intermittent mode to the relevant transponder 1 by means of an electrical connection.
  • FIG. 5 The topological arrangement of a number of transponders 1 in a ship's hold 8 or on a railway train 2 (see FIG. 2) is shown in the block diagram in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 2 with railway wagons connected in line suggests a bus structure. This is not so because the transponders 1 cannot detect any neighboring structure. Therefore the communication connections can be, or are, as a rule established form one transponder 1 to several other transponders 1 . In a topology of this kind, these transponders form an ad-hoc network.
  • the operation of ad-hoc networks is, for example, given in document DE 100 62 303 A1 (7 layers AG, D E-Rattingen).
  • transponder 9 functions as a master transponder 9 .
  • a bi-directional communication with the communication unit 4 allocated to the transport means 2 takes place from this transponder 9 .
  • a mutual transmission of the influence variables recorded in the individual transponders 1 takes place.
  • a INF 1 data structure an example of which is shown in the following table 1, is used for this purpose. Instead of the term data structure, the term message structure is also used in this context.
  • ENVIRONMENT_VALUES Recorded influence variables. This entry can also be omitted depending on the entry in the COMMAND field.
  • Both the received and also the influence variables recorded on the relevant transponder 1 are stored in a table in each transponder 1 , with the FILE data type being preferably used.
  • This ad-hoc network is the basis whereby one of the transponders 1 succeeds in establishing a bi-directional communication link with the communication unit 4 allocated to the transport means 2 .
  • This transponder is shown in FIG. 5 by the reference designator 9 and is called a master transponder.
  • the “master transponder” function is preferably allocated dynamically.
  • a special message can be transmitted from communication unit 4 for this purpose.
  • the transponder 1 receiving this message acknowledges receipt of this message.
  • Communication unit 4 analyses which of the aforementioned transponders has the best reception and transmission conditions. For this purpose, the reception level and its time characteristic (“shape” of the received signal) can, for example be analyzed using reflections. The basic requirement for this is that a connection on layer 1 (within the meaning of the OSI model) is always ensured.
  • the communication unit 4 can allocate the “master transponder” 9 function to the selected transponder 1 by transmitting a message to it.
  • the relevant information unit INF 1 originates from the receiving transponder. The procedure is ended.
  • the relevant information unit INF 1 originates form a different transponder than the receiving transponder. A transmission of a further information unit INF 2 then takes place.
  • the address of the receiving transponder 1 is known at the same time, refer to the ADDRESS 1 field.
  • a transponder 1 receives an information unit INF 2 not meant for it, it is preferably rejected.
  • FIG. 4 shows a communication unit that in this construction contains the following.
  • Locating unit 41 e.g. a GPS receiver.
  • Processor unit 44 and memory unit 45 are identical to Processor unit 44 and memory unit 45 .
  • Antennas 471 , 472 and 473 for locating units 41 and for transmitting/receiving units 42 and 43 .
  • Bus system 40 for connection of the aforementioned units.
  • the influence variables including at least one time stamp, communicated via the master transponder 9 to the communication unit 4 , are stored in the memory unit 45 , e.g. as a FILE data type.
  • a communication link is established between the communication unit 4 and a remote center.
  • the transmitter/receiving unit 43 which for example is part of the trunk radio system such as TETRA or TETRAPOL or a cellular mobile communication system such a GSM is used for this purpose.
  • the recorded influence variables are transmitted they are advantageously provided with location information.
  • the location information can be taken form the locating unit 41 .
  • the location information is stored relative to a time grid, e.g. at intervals of 30 s. Because the recorded influence variables are also provided with a time stamp, in this way the particular relevant location information can be allocated at the center during transmission. In this way, an impermissible effect can be reconstructed if necessary using post-processing. This is significant, particularly for transport by truck. Be means of post-processing, any missing recording can also be detected, which for example could occur due to a parallel run of two freight trains.
  • the aforementioned antennas 411 , 472 and 473 need not be connected directly to communication unit 4 , but instead can be advantageously arranged remotely, so that optimum transmitting/receiving conditions can be achieved. If necessary, there can also be several antenna 473 in or at a ship's hold.
  • the invention is not, for example, limited to the aforementioned embodiment.
  • a wireless network already in a transport means as a transport medium, e.g. a private wireless LAN or a public wireless LAN.
  • the invention can also be used in a warehouse 2 or a storage area 2 , where a number of goods have to be monitored with regard to the effects of environmental influences and their presence.
  • the specification of the master transponder 9 function can in this case take place within a fixed time grid. This function then has to be re-specified if the relevant good 3 was moved out of the storage area. During this process, either transponder 9 can be left on good 3 or deliberately deactivated by means of a manual intervention using the mentioned read/write device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
US10/677,380 2002-10-04 2003-10-03 Method for monitoring goods Abandoned US20040246104A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02022420A EP1406207B1 (de) 2002-10-04 2002-10-04 Verfahren zur Überwachung von Gütern
EP02022420.0 2002-10-04

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US (1) US20040246104A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1406207B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1496932A (de)
AT (1) ATE313833T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2444152A1 (de)
DE (1) DE50205359D1 (de)

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WO2006079520A1 (de) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur überwachung einer gruppe von objekten sowie zugehörige anordnung
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US8494443B2 (en) 1998-03-21 2013-07-23 Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation Low-cost satellite communication system
US8594153B2 (en) 2000-02-28 2013-11-26 Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation Spread-spectrum receiver with progressive fourier transform
US8006904B2 (en) 2002-03-18 2011-08-30 Datalogic Scanning, Inc. Operation monitoring and enhanced host communications in systems employing electronic article surveillance and RFID tags
US7527198B2 (en) * 2002-03-18 2009-05-05 Datalogic Scanning, Inc. Operation monitoring and enhanced host communications in systems employing electronic article surveillance and RFID tags
US20040113791A1 (en) * 2002-03-18 2004-06-17 Psc Scanning, Inc. Operation monitoring and enhanced host communications in systems employing electronic article surveillance and RFID tags
US20080042841A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2008-02-21 Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Seal for monitoring of transported goods and method of monitoring transported goods
US20090026263A1 (en) * 2005-01-07 2009-01-29 Deutsche Telekom Ag Transport monitoring system
US7866555B2 (en) * 2005-01-07 2011-01-11 Deutsche Telekom Ag Transport monitoring system
WO2006079520A1 (de) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur überwachung einer gruppe von objekten sowie zugehörige anordnung
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US8358211B2 (en) 2005-02-08 2013-01-22 Datalogic ADC, Inc. Integrated data reader and electronic article surveillance (EAS) system
US20060197939A1 (en) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-07 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen Sbb Identification system and method of determining motion information
EP1701287A1 (de) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-13 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen SBB Identifikationssystem und Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Bewegungsinformationen
US7825802B2 (en) 2005-03-07 2010-11-02 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen Sbb Identification system and method of determining motion information
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US20060242285A1 (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-26 Norihiko Moriwaki Sensor network system and data transfer method for sensing data
US20060224459A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-05 Hitachi, Ltd. Incoming/outgoing goods management system and incoming/outgoing goods management method
US7822415B2 (en) 2005-11-02 2010-10-26 Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation In-flight transceiver and locator system
US7667643B2 (en) 2005-11-02 2010-02-23 Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation Miniaturized satellite transceiver
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CN1496932A (zh) 2004-05-19
ATE313833T1 (de) 2006-01-15
DE50205359D1 (de) 2006-01-26
CA2444152A1 (en) 2004-04-04
EP1406207A1 (de) 2004-04-07
EP1406207B1 (de) 2005-12-21

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