US2001279A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

y-14,1935. ,C.'C.LOOM!S 1,001,279

" FIREARM Filed Au J5, 1953 rl I i INVENTOR. a CRAWFORD C.LOOM'IS 7; ATTORNEY Patented May FIREARM 1;

Crawford 0; roams, Ilion, .N. n, asslgnor to Remington *Arms Company, Inc.', a corporation Application August This invention relates to firearms, and con templates certain mechanisms by the useof against such movement as would-fire a shell; or a which the firing mechanism effectively held cartridge in the chamber at all times whenpthe gbreech is not closed and securely locked. V

For the purpose of illustration, the invention "has been shown in the drawingand will be described as applied to a multiple-barrelsingletrigger firearm of the type shown in thisapplicants' prior application Serial No. 616,234, filed June9, 1932. Referencemay be had to saidapplication for a detailed description-oi any mechanism not herein fully described and illustrated;

The firearm shown inlthe prior application is of the superposed barrel upward tiltingbreech type. .Afiring hammer and hammer .controlling sear are associated with each barrel, but the two sears, are adapted to be selectively displaced to release their respective firing hammers by successive pulls of :a single trigger. The firearm likewise comprises a safety mechanism whichis manuallycontrollaj- .ble by a finger piece on the top of the tang. and ismovable either forwardwor rearward from an intermediate safe position: When it ismoved forward from; safe position, to permit firing, themovement of unlocking the breech preparatory to opening the'same to remove fired shells or cartridges and insert fresh ones restores the safety device to safe positions However, if the arm is placed in firing conditionby' movingthe safety device to the rear from its safe? position it is-no't'afiected by the unlocking or openingof the breach. In this condition it becomes theoreticallypossible to release thefiring'hammers at a time whenthere' are imfire'd shells mom or both of the chambers and the firing pins are so aligned with these shells as to strike theirprimers, but the breech mechanism is not locked; An arm which can thus be fired, without a positive'locking of the-breech mechanism, is: potentially dangerous, and it is an object of thisinvention to provide-a locking device for thefiring mechanism which will positively prevent the release of either of the firing hammers unless'the breech is not only closed but securely locked.--

A further object of he 'nvention' is to provide a safety device, in addition to the manually operated safety device shownin applicantsprior application, which is particularly adapted for use with asingle trigger mechanism. a

A further object of :the invention i'stoprovide a safetydevice under the direct and positive control of the breech locking mechanism which-has a positive engagement with eachrof .athe sears,

1933, Serial no. 633,110 I (01.4240) F CE has been displaced: by a pull of the trig er is V thereafter disconnected from the trigger and, inqtheabsence of a restraining device, is free to move'iorward under the action of, its spring to suchapositionas to block the return of the hammer to cocked position.

A further object of the invention is to' provide meansifor definitely locking the manual safe against displacement by recoil, and to associate such a locking device with the trigger.

;With these and other incidental objectsinview, the invention consists in the novel mechanisms, combinations and arrangements of parts, a representative embodiment of which has been shown 7 in; the accompanying drawing and will be hereinafter described.

;In the drawing: I

i Fig. 1 is .a'fragmentary, longitudinal, sectional elevation of a firearm having one form of the present invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section, substantially on the line 2 2 of Fig, l. a .3 is a iragmentary, sectionaLside e1eva-. tion, substantiallyjsimilar to Fig. l but showingthe breechjmechanism unlocked and. thesears positively locked in engagement with their respective hammers.

Fig.4 is a fragmentary, longitudinal, sectional elevation showing the trigger depressed and the manual safe locked. a

:The illustrative firearms shown in the draw.- ing comprise superposed barrels l0 and I l hinged to a frame l2which supports fire control mechanism, Said frame comprises an upstanding partition-i3 forming a breech closure for the barrels, and perforated to admit firing pins which pass through a supporting block ['4 suitably held in the frame [2. j The firing pins are adapted to be struck by firing hammers l5 pivoted at 16 in supports extending mm the bottom plate of the frame 1 Each of the firing hammers] 5 is under the controlcf a sear ll provided with an elongated aperture 18 which receives a pivot pin :19, ommontothe.twcl ars. a h d n sea mers it. The control of said connector is fully described in applicants prior application, heretofore identified. It is sufiicient to state herevthat the initial position of right hand sear a pull of the'trigger will result in displacement of this sear and releaseof the right hand hammer. ing position, said hammer acts upon the associ ated actuator 28in sucha way as to rock-the connector 24 about its pivot andplace it beneath the left-hand sear. Each sear is'urgedforward (toward its associated hammer) by a sear spring 28. The connector having been shifted from beneath the right hand sear "said'sear tends 'to rock forward into a position occupied by a part of the right hand hammer when this hammer is cocked. The present invention comprises a device for preventing such over-movement of the sear, which device willbe presently described. I

Extending between the two sears I7 is a safety bar 29 comprising an elongated guide slot 30 which receives the sear pivot pin l9. Upon'opposite sides of such safety bar are lugs 3! which in one position of the safety bar stand beneath the inturned ends 32 of the two sears, thereby blocking hammer releasing movement of said sears. At its upper and rear end the safety bar is suitably joined to apla te 33 which extends'upwardly through the top plate or tangf34 of the frame and carries at its upp er end a finger piece 35. Said finger piece, and with it the safety bar, maybe shifted to-any one-of three positions; a forward firing position, an intermediate safe position, and a rearward firing position. It will be apparent that the gun is in firing condition whenever the safety bar lugs 3i are not'beneath the inturned-ends 32 of the sears, that is, when saidlugs are either in front or in the rear of said sear ends. The constructionof the safety'mech'anism and its operating finger piece are more fully describedin the application heretofore identified.

- An alternative form of manual safe and a modified control by the breech locking mechanism are described in this applicants prior application, Serial No. 671,626, filed May '18, 1933, and it will be understood that the devices ofthe present invention are applicable to guns contain-' ing either of these safety devices, as well as many others. T

, If the safety mechanism as heretofore described is placed inits forward firing positionit will be restored to safe position upon the unlocking of the breech mechanism. The breech locking devices shown in the drawing comprise an arcuate cover form of look 36 extending over and partially surrounding the upper barrel'ln. This sliding breech cover 36 is connectedat 37 with a manually operable top lever? 38' and is retracted to unlock the breech by lateral movement of said top lever; Likewise connected to the 'top lever 'is a rearwardly and downwardly extending plunger 39 which, together with-thetop lever, is urged I the connector is de V termined by the transversegpgsition of the manual shifter and if, for example, the shifter is so positioned that the connector is beneath the,

Upon its movement to firforward by a spring 49 encircling a section of the plunger 39 and engaging an abutment 4| extending inward and downward from the tang 34. If the safety mechanism is in its forward firing position, the rearward end of the plunger 39 will engage a part of the safety mechanism, such as the forward edge of the plate 33, and by such engagement restore the safety mechanism to its intermediate or safe position. However, if the safety mechanism has been moved to the rear from ;fsafe position it is not restored when the breech isunlocked, but remains in its rearward ineffective position, leaving the sears free for hammer releasing movement by depression of the trigger.

present invention comprises the provision of a device which will positively prevent hammer releasing movement of the sears while the breech is unlocked, but will automatically release the sears, placing the gun in firing condition, when the breech becomes locked and firing is safe. One form of this device is'as follows: A cross-pin 42 extending from the plunger'39 near its rear end is'received in the forked end of a lever arm 43 pivoted at 44 in a part of the searhousing plates whichextends above the rear ends of the sears.

Below the plunger 39, the member 43 is formed as a yoke comprising a transversely extending part 45, from which a second arm 43R, similar to the first, extends downwardly and is received on the pivot pin 44. Arms 43 and 43R are aligned with and act in the same manner upon the left and right hand sears, respectively, hence only arm 43 will be described. The lower end of said arm comprisesa recess, bounded by the part of the arm adjacent the pivot 44 and a finger 47. When the breech is-closed and locked, the arm 43 oocupies the position shown in Fig. 1. The'recess in its lower endstands in the rearand slightly above the end of the sear, and'the sear is free .to move to disengage its hammer.

' The condition of these parts when the breech is unlocked is illustrated in Fig. 3. Byv therearward movement of plunger 38, pin 42 has been carried to the rear, rocking the arm 43 about pivot 44 and moving the finger 4! forward and downward until it stands beneaththe tail of the associated sear l1, thereby preventing such rocking. of the sear as would effect release of its firing hammer. When the breech lock moves: forward, plunger 39 likewise moves forward,v restoring member 43 to the Fig. 1 position and leaving the sear free. Moreover,.the part of arm 43 adjacent the pivot 44 lies immediately, above andin close proximity to the upper surface of the sear tail, and stops the sear from over forward movement into a position which would interfere withthe return of the hammer to cocked position. 'A ,fully automatic and entirely positive control 1.of-' the sears, rendering the gun entirely incapable of being fired when the breech is unlocked but, releasing it immediately forfiring when the breech becomes locked, is thus provided. j v

The invention further contemplates means for positivelylocking the manual safe during the depression of the trigger. As heretofore. described, the manual safe is arranged with two firing positions on opposite sides of the safe position, and when in the rearmost firing positionit is in no way controlled or affected by the unlocking movement of thebreech bolt. It has been found-that when the gun is fired with the safe in the rearward firing position the recoil of the frame is sometimes sufilcientto throw the manual safe forward to safe position, so thatthe fire; conitrol mechanism is unmtentionallyblocked against firing movement. To obviate this misfunctioning, applicant has provided for thelccking of the safety bar 29 by the trigger when the trigger is depressed. i

The safety bar comprises notches A8 and '49 (Fig. 3) adapted to receive a projection 50 on the trigger. When the manual safe is in forward firing position the notch 49 is aligned with the projection 50 and when it is in rearward firing position the notch 48 is aligned withthe projection 5|].

which it is aligned, thereby positively holding the safety bar 29 against movement in either direction as long as the trigger is held depressed.

The embodiment of the invention herein described and-illustrated in the drawing, is merely a typical and representative one, the invention being susceptible of embodiment in other forms, all falling within the scope of the appended claims. 7

What is claimed is:

1. In a firearm of the tilting breech type, in

combination, a breech locking mechanism, a firing hammer having a cocked position and a fired position, asear, a safety device for holding said sear in engagement with said firing hammer when in cocked position, and a supplemental safety device actuated by said breech locking mechanism and engaging said sear to hold the sameagainst both forward andbackward rotation when the breech is unlocked.

2. In a firearm of the tilting breech type, in

combination, a breech locking mechanism, a firing hammer having acocked position and a fired position, a sear, a safety device for holding, saidv sear. in engagement with said firing hammerwhen in cocked position, and 'a supplemental safety device actuated by saidbreech locking mechanism and engaging said :sear to hold the same against any movement when the breech is unlocked, said supplemental safety device like-- wise preventing over-movement of said sear when said hammer is in fired position.

, Upon depression of the trigger to fire the' gun the projection 50' enters the notchwith.

' 3. In a firearm of the tilting breech type, in combination, a breech locking mechanism, a plunger connected to move with said breech locking mechanism, a firing hammer having a cooked pcsition and a fired position, a sear, a manual safety device forholding said sear in engagement with said hammer, and asupplemental safety device acting to prevent over-movement of said sear when said hammer is in fired position and movable by said plunger to prevent any movement of said sear when the breech is unlocked.

4.- In a firearm, in combination, a breech look ing mechanism, aplurality of firing hammers, a

sear for each of said firing hammers, said-sears ing mechanism, a plurality of firing hammers I each movable froma cooked position to a fired position, a sear for each of said firing hammers,

said sears being mounted between fixed sear housing plates, a manually operable safety 'mechanism, a single trigger, a connector on said trigger adapted for selective engagement with any of said sears and to be moved toward another sear after the fall of thehammer'controlled by the first sear, and a supplemental safety device comprising a lever pivoted in said sear housing plates, said supplemental safety device acting to prevent over-movement of each of said sears when its hammer is in fired position and being controlled by'saidbreech locking mechanism to prevent hammer releasing movement of any of said sears when the breech is unlocked.

' CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS.

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