US20010054503A1 - Element with an electrically adjustable surface emissivity for infrared radiation - Google Patents

Element with an electrically adjustable surface emissivity for infrared radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20010054503A1
US20010054503A1 US09/795,967 US79596701A US2001054503A1 US 20010054503 A1 US20010054503 A1 US 20010054503A1 US 79596701 A US79596701 A US 79596701A US 2001054503 A1 US2001054503 A1 US 2001054503A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
element according
layer
group
proton conductor
function layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US09/795,967
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Rothmund
Katrin Ortlepp
Werner Scherber
Andreas Leupolz
Monika Golly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dornier GmbH
Original Assignee
Dornier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier GmbH filed Critical Dornier GmbH
Assigned to DORNIER GMBH reassignment DORNIER GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GOLLY, MONIKA, ORTLEPP, KATRIN, ROTHMUND, WALTER, LEUPOLZ, ANDREAS, SCHERBER, WERNER
Publication of US20010054503A1 publication Critical patent/US20010054503A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/46—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions
    • B64G1/50—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions for temperature control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/46—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions
    • B64G1/50—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions for temperature control
    • B64G1/503—Radiator panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/226—Special coatings for spacecraft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/34—Metal hydrides materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an element with an electrically adjustable thermal emissivity for radiation in the infrared (IR) wavelength range.
  • Such elements are used particularly for stabilizing the thermal economy of satellites and spacecraft or in the air-conditioning control in vehicles and buildings.
  • German Patent Document DE 36 43 692 C2 discloses a system used for IR camouflage, in which a change of the thermal emissivity is caused by electric control of a function layer.
  • a reversible electrochemical reaction stimulated by electric voltage signals changes the optical behavior of the function layer in the infrared wavelength range.
  • an electrochromic IR absorber cell which consists of a controllable polymer layer, a porous gold electrode, a lithium-conducting electrolyte, a storage layer and a back electrode.
  • the charge carriers—lithium ions or protons, which cause the electro-chemical reaction, have to be added to the system during the manufacturing in the storage layer provided as a reservoir. During the switching of the system between different emissivity values, this reservoir is alternately emptied and filled.
  • Another disadvantage of this element is its low switching rate.
  • the reason may be the low ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte as well as the low diffusion rate of the ions in the function layer.
  • One object of the invention is to provide an element of the above-mentioned type in which the thermal emissivity can be changed rapidly, and with low switching energy.
  • the emissive element according to the invention which has the following layer structure:
  • the surface whose emissivity is to be controlled is covered with one or more elements according to the invention, which are electrically connected with one another and can be wired in the form of strings or arrays.
  • the term “rear” or “rearward”, with respect to the position of a layer refers to the side of the element which is situated toward the surface (whose emissivity is to be controlled).
  • the term “forward” indicates the side of the element which is situated toward the space in which the IR radiation occurs.
  • the element according to the invention is closed off by a rearward substrate to which the electrode layer and the storage layer are applied.
  • the forward substrate can carry an antireflection coating or an antireflection coating system consisting of several layers which forms the forward end of the element and which has an antireflection effect in the IR wavelength range.
  • the antireflection coating carries out two functions simultaneously. It has an antireflection effect in the IR range (wavelength typically 10 ⁇ m) and has a reflection effect in the visible range to near-infrared (300 nm to approximately 2 ⁇ m).
  • a layer can be provided between the function layer and the proton conductor layer, for protecting the material of the function layer against oxidation.
  • the element according to the invention permits a continuous and reversible variation of the emissivity of a surface, for infrared radiation in a wavelength range of from 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the control takes place by applying an electric voltage between the function layer and the electrode layer.
  • the preferred field of application of the element according to the invention is the sensitive control of heat absorption or emission of a surface via radiation, for example, for low-power stabilization of the thermal economy of satellites and spacecraft or for a use in the air-conditioning control in vehicles and buildings.
  • the function layer with the oxidation protection layer applied thereto, simultaneously forms the forward electrode, permitting a homogeneous integral-surface rapid switching operation of the element;
  • the predoping of the hydrogen storage layer with hydrogen can take place particularly effectively by an electro-chemical embedding.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show representative embodiments of the element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the element according to the invention. It comprises the following layer structure:
  • An electrode layer 2 consisting of an electrically conductive material, such as Au, Al, Pt, Pd, Cu, or a conductive oxide, such as ITO;
  • a proton storage layer 3 such as WO 3 , Y, NiO, LaNi 5 , FeTi, Pd etc.;
  • an anhydrous IR-absorptive proton conductor 4 preferably containing mobile proton carriers, such as imidazole or pyrazole.
  • the proton conductor layer can consist, for example, of sulfonated polyetherketone (PEK) or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyaryletherketone (PAEK).
  • a function layer 5 consisting of yttrium Y or yttrium dihydride YH 2 or the hydride of another rare-earth metal (such as scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium).
  • a thin layer (such as Pd, Pt, NbO 3 , V 2 O 5 , etc.) for a protection against oxidation is applied to the function layer (not shown in FIG. 1).
  • a substrate 6 as a carrier made of a material, such as silicon, germanium, etc. which is transparent to infrared radiation;
  • an antireflection layer 7 or an antireflection layer system consisting of several individual layers which have an antireflection effect in the IR wavelength range.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 by the addition of a second substrate 1 made of a material, which is arbitrary—with respect to the IR transparency,—as the carrier for the rearward part of the cell.
  • a second substrate 1 made of a material, which is arbitrary—with respect to the IR transparency,—as the carrier for the rearward part of the cell.
  • the function layer 5 is applied to the forward substrate 6 and the electrode layer 2 is applied to the rearward substrate 1 , and the hydrogen storage layer 3 can be applied to the electrode layer 2 .
  • the two thus coated substrates can then be connected by means of the proton conductor 4 which is simultaneously used as a gluing material.
  • PES polyetherketone
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PAEK polyaryletherketone

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
US09/795,967 1998-09-03 2001-03-01 Element with an electrically adjustable surface emissivity for infrared radiation Abandoned US20010054503A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19840183A DE19840183C1 (de) 1998-09-03 1998-09-03 Element mit elektrisch einstellbarer Oberflächenemissivität für Infrarotstrahlung
DE19840183.3 1998-09-03
PCT/DE1999/002257 WO2000014811A2 (de) 1998-09-03 1999-07-22 Element mit elektrisch einstellbarer oberflächenemissivität für infrarotstrahlung

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1999/002257 Continuation WO2000014811A2 (de) 1998-09-03 1999-07-22 Element mit elektrisch einstellbarer oberflächenemissivität für infrarotstrahlung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20010054503A1 true US20010054503A1 (en) 2001-12-27

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ID=7879691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/795,967 Abandoned US20010054503A1 (en) 1998-09-03 2001-03-01 Element with an electrically adjustable surface emissivity for infrared radiation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20010054503A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1112595A2 (de)
DE (1) DE19840183C1 (de)
WO (1) WO2000014811A2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017213614A1 (en) 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 Coskun Kocabas System for controlling thermal radiation
CN114987004A (zh) * 2022-05-16 2022-09-02 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种气致变红外发射率器件及其制备方法、应用

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7173160B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2007-02-06 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Processes for concentrating higher diamondoids
DE10361921B4 (de) * 2003-12-23 2007-09-27 Ulf Deisenroth Veränderbare Tarnoberfläche
DE102005028363B3 (de) * 2005-06-18 2007-01-11 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Hochtemperatur-IR-Tarnbeschichtung
CN112859216B (zh) * 2021-01-14 2021-11-30 北京科技大学 具有显著方向选择性发射率的多层薄膜结构

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3643692A1 (de) * 1986-12-20 1992-03-12 Dornier Gmbh Tarnvorrichtung
DE4409470C2 (de) * 1994-03-19 1998-09-17 Dornier Gmbh Zwischen einem Infrarotstrahlung absorbierenden und einem Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Zustand hin- und herschaltbares elektrochromes Element
US5609315A (en) * 1995-03-13 1997-03-11 Martin Marietta Corp. Thermal blanket joining tape
DE69731454T2 (de) * 1996-08-22 2005-10-20 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Elektooptische schaltvorrichtung
WO1998010329A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Philips Electronics N.V. Optical switching device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017213614A1 (en) 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 Coskun Kocabas System for controlling thermal radiation
CN114987004A (zh) * 2022-05-16 2022-09-02 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种气致变红外发射率器件及其制备方法、应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000014811A2 (de) 2000-03-16
WO2000014811A3 (de) 2000-11-23
EP1112595A2 (de) 2001-07-04
DE19840183C1 (de) 2000-03-30

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Owner name: DORNIER GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ROTHMUND, WALTER;ORTLEPP, KATRIN;SCHERBER, WERNER;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:012039/0257;SIGNING DATES FROM 20010110 TO 20010206

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION