US2000388A - Manufacture of ribbons - Google Patents

Manufacture of ribbons Download PDF

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Publication number
US2000388A
US2000388A US595639A US59563932A US2000388A US 2000388 A US2000388 A US 2000388A US 595639 A US595639 A US 595639A US 59563932 A US59563932 A US 59563932A US 2000388 A US2000388 A US 2000388A
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Prior art keywords
ribbons
ribbon
main
spinning
slot
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Expired - Lifetime
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US595639A
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Hofstadt Richard
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness

Definitions

  • Fig. 11 shows diagrammatically the cross section of a ribbon provided with patterns according to my invention when, for instance, spun witha nozzle having an opening as represented in Fig. 10,
  • Fig. 12 instances a cross section of the new ribbons when out in the dry state
  • I Fig. 13 instances a part of a cross section, of new ribbons when out in the wet state.
  • the lateral branches and the main slot of the nozzles may be broader than the main slot.
  • ribbons may be obtained which are more flexible and by their increased p-liability allow easier working up in certain machines.
  • the lateral slots being positioned near the centre of the main slot a greater length so that the stripes on both faces of the ribbon overlap, whereby a stiffening of the whole ribbon takes place.
  • a stiffening of the ends of the ribbon is obtainable.
  • the main s slot need. not be rectilinear; it. may be wavy or have any other :irregularform.
  • Example 1 By spinning a viscose, containing 7.5 per cent of cellulose and '7 per cent of alkali, at such a speed that 42 cc. of viscose are pressed per minute through the nozzle into the precipitating bath, a ribbon having a strength of 1900 deniers is obtained.
  • the nozzle has a main slot of 13 mm. length and 0.1 mm. breadth from which 6 lateral slots branch off at an angle of about 60. On each side of the main slot there branch off 3 lateral slots at an equal distance in the manner shown in Fig. 10, each having a length of 2 mm. and a breadth of 0.1 mm.
  • the spinningbath employed contains 14 per cent of sulfuric acid and 30 per cent of sodium sulfate and is heated to a temperature of about 45 C.
  • the speed of draft is 20 m. per minute.
  • the ribbon produced is preferably guided in a weakly stretched condition, over several glass rods or the like, in order to prevent it from rolling.
  • Example 2 The viscose and the spinning conditionsare the same as in Example 1.
  • the nozzle employed has a main slot of 18 m'mjlength and 0.1 mm. breadth from which there branch ofi 8" lateral slots at an angle of 60, each having a length of 1.6 mm. and a breadth of 0.1 mm.
  • the precipitating bath is identical with that of Example 1..
  • the appearance of the figured ribbon depends upon thespeed of draft, the uniform delivery of the spinning solution and the size and arrangement of the slots of the nozzles. These conditions must bewell adapted to one another and should be determined by a few preliminary trials.
  • My invention is not limited to the foregoing examples nor to the specific details given therein.
  • Other forms of the openings of the nozzle may be used.
  • the spinning conditions may be varied within wide limits.
  • Other cellulose solutions than viscose may be used as'spinning solutions, the methods of spinning are the same as those known from the production of artificial silk and familiar to every chemist skilled in the art provided that the lines given in this specification be observed.
  • a nozzle for the manufacture of ribbons provided with patterns which has an opening forming a main slot of 13 mm. length and 0.1 mm. breath from which 6 lateral slots of 2 mm. length and 0.1 mm. breadth branch off at an angle of 60, 3 of the lateral slots being arranged on each side at equal distances in such manner that the slots positioned at the end of the main slot are inclined towards each other.
  • a nozzle for the manufacture of ribbons provided with patterns which has an opening forming a main slot of 13 mm. length and 0.15 mm. breadth from which 3 lateral slots of 2.5 mm. length and 0.15 mm. breadth branch off, 2 of these slots branching off opposite sides of the main slot at a right angle, the third lateral slot branching oi the middle part of the main slot at an angle of 60 and being inclined to the slot arranged on the other side of the main slot.
  • Ribbons consisting of cellulose hydrate provided with patterns having a stripe-like appearance, said patterns being formed by partially overlapping layers.
  • Ribbons consisting of cellulose hydrate provided with patterns having a. stripe-like appearance comprising a main ribbon having attached thereto small ribbons partially overlapping the main ribbon.
  • Ribbons consisting of cellulose hydrate provided with patterns having a stripe-like appearance comprising a main ribbon having attached thereto small ribbons partially overlapping the main ribbon and each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Description

Patented May 7, 1935 UNITED aooosse p H MANUFACTURE on nmnons- V V ichard Hofstad't, Wolfen, {near BitterfeldJQehmany, assignor to I. G. Farbenindustrie Algtiengesellschaft, Frankfort-on theMain, Germany Application February 27, issaserial N0. 595,639
In Germany March 4, 1931 i 7 Claims. (01. 18-15) for obtaining ribbons provided with patterns.
Fig. 11 shows diagrammatically the cross section of a ribbon provided with patterns according to my invention when, for instance, spun witha nozzle having an opening as represented in Fig. 10,
Fig. 12 instances a cross section of the new ribbons when out in the dry state, and I Fig. 13 instances a part of a cross section, of new ribbons when out in the wet state.
According .to .my present invention it is possible to obtain particularly effective ribbons, by
.spinningfrom a nozzle whose orifice has the form of a longitudinal main slot having slots branching laterally therefrom. By means of nozzles having such orifices it is possible to produce ribbons which exhibit special effects. These effects consist mainly in patterns having a strike-like appearance which may be regularly or irregularly distributed over one or both faces of the ribbon. Depending upon the length of the lateral branches of the slot of the nozzles there are obtained either narrower or broader stripes. At the places where the layers overlap, the white, undyed ribbon appears less transparent or duller, the dyed one darker.
It is also possible to give the lateral branches and the main slot of the nozzles different breadths and different lengths, thus the lateral branches may be broader than the main slot. In the latter case ribbons may be obtained which are more flexible and by their increased p-liability allow easier working up in certain machines. It is also possible to give the lateral slots being positioned near the centre of the main slot a greater length so that the stripes on both faces of the ribbon overlap, whereby a stiffening of the whole ribbon takes place. In the same manner if giving the lateral slots branching off the ends of the main slot a greater length a stiffening of the ends of the ribbon is obtainable. By these means special advantages may be obtained according to the methods of working up the ribbona- Furtherthe the open-.
more, the main s slot need. not be rectilinear; it. may be wavy or have any other :irregularform.
vWhile spinninglthe ribbons, the speed :of draft; must be adapted to .the speed with which :the' spinning solution is squirted-intol.theaspinning. 5" bath, in order to avoid a strong stretchingwhich would cause a deformationiof the ribbons if .not yet completelyicoagulated.
eThe ribb'ons,cafter .le'avingthe bath, are .-pref.-. erably guided over some rods .orrollers in order to maintain them infolde'd during the coagulation, or other treatment until theyare fixed on the bobbin or other receiving device. 2-:3
In spinning'through the nozzles according .ato the present invention. there will be produced the proper ribbonby the main slit from which small; ribbons branch-off formed by the lateral slits. The ribbon'canbe produced as aboveexplained ina process analogous toi-the methodof. spinning on bobbins, howeventhey may likewise be pro-j ducedin continuous or any other suitable manner. The ribbons obtainable according to thisiinvem tion show .in'thedrystate a crosssection' underv the microscopeas illustrated .inFig. 12 or dia grannhatically,illustrated. in Fig. 11. It is seen from Fig; 1'3: that thelateral ribb'ons,, the.ribbonf consisting in this particular case. of..cellulose.'hy-: drate, form nearly one piece with the main ribbon when wetted so that only a line of separation is seen.
The following examples illustrate the invention:
Example 1.-By spinning a viscose, containing 7.5 per cent of cellulose and '7 per cent of alkali, at such a speed that 42 cc. of viscose are pressed per minute through the nozzle into the precipitating bath, a ribbon having a strength of 1900 deniers is obtained. The nozzle has a main slot of 13 mm. length and 0.1 mm. breadth from which 6 lateral slots branch off at an angle of about 60. On each side of the main slot there branch off 3 lateral slots at an equal distance in the manner shown in Fig. 10, each having a length of 2 mm. and a breadth of 0.1 mm.
The spinningbath employed contains 14 per cent of sulfuric acid and 30 per cent of sodium sulfate and is heated to a temperature of about 45 C. The speed of draft is 20 m. per minute. The ribbon produced is preferably guided in a weakly stretched condition, over several glass rods or the like, in order to prevent it from rolling.
A uniformly figured ribbon of 3 to 4 mm. breadth is obtained.
Example 2.--The viscose and the spinning conditionsare the same as in Example 1. The n0z-' 55 EwampZe'S.-53 cc. of viscose containing 13.8'
per cent of cellulose and 'l per centNaOH are pressed within a minute through the nozzle into the precipitating bath. Thenozzle employed has a main slot of 18 m'mjlength and 0.1 mm. breadth from which there branch ofi 8" lateral slots at an angle of 60, each having a length of 1.6 mm. and a breadth of 0.1 mm. The precipitating bath is identical with that of Example 1..
There is obtained a uniformly striped ribbon of 4500 deniers and a breadth of 9 to 10 mm. 1
The appearance of the figured ribbon depends upon thespeed of draft, the uniform delivery of the spinning solution and the size and arrangement of the slots of the nozzles. These conditions must bewell adapted to one another and should be determined by a few preliminary trials.
With regard to the viscosity. and the maturation of the spinning solution, the same rules are applied as those known for the spinning of viscose silk. They may according to the spinning bath and the spinning conditions, vary within wide limits. 1 l I Theribbon wound on the spool or unwound therefrom is after-treated in the manner usual for artificial silk, bleached, if desired, and dried.
My invention is not limited to the foregoing examples nor to the specific details given therein. Other forms of the openings of the nozzle may be used. Furthermore, the spinning conditions may be varied within wide limits. Other cellulose solutions than viscose may be used as'spinning solutions, the methods of spinning are the same as those known from the production of artificial silk and familiar to every chemist skilled in the art provided that the lines given in this specification be observed.
What I claim is:
1. A nozzle for the manufacture of ribbons provided with patterns which has an opening forming a main slot of 13 mm. length and 0.1 mm. breath from which 6 lateral slots of 2 mm. length and 0.1 mm. breadth branch off at an angle of 60, 3 of the lateral slots being arranged on each side at equal distances in such manner that the slots positioned at the end of the main slot are inclined towards each other.
'2. A nozzle for the manufacture of ribbons provided with patterns which has an opening forming a main slot of 13 mm. length and 0.15 mm. breadth from which 3 lateral slots of 2.5 mm. length and 0.15 mm. breadth branch off, 2 of these slots branching off opposite sides of the main slot at a right angle, the third lateral slot branching oi the middle part of the main slot at an angle of 60 and being inclined to the slot arranged on the other side of the main slot.
3. Ribbons consisting of cellulose hydrate provided with patterns having a stripe-like appearance, said patterns being formed by partially overlapping layers.
4. Ribbons consisting of cellulose hydrate provided with patterns having a. stripe-like appearance comprising a main ribbon having attached thereto small ribbons partially overlapping the main ribbon.
5. Ribbons consisting of cellulose hydrate provided with patterns having a stripe-like appearance comprising a main ribbon having attached thereto small ribbons partially overlapping the main ribbon and each other.
6. Ribbons consisting of cellulose hydrate pro-
US595639A 1931-03-04 1932-02-27 Manufacture of ribbons Expired - Lifetime US2000388A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE746020C (en) * 1937-09-28 1944-05-27 Dr Friedrich Scheermesser Device for the production of woolly rayon threads
US3061401A (en) * 1958-06-11 1962-10-30 Schweizerische Viscose Process for producing synthetic bast of linear polymeric thermoplastic material
DE1171556B (en) * 1954-03-04 1964-06-04 Chemiefaserwerk Schwarza Iawil Production of fine-titer drawn threads from the melt of synthetic linear high-polymer
DE1238154B (en) * 1955-09-17 1967-04-06 Schwarza Chemiefaser Spinneret for the production of threads, fibers, ribbons and the like. Like. With air inclusions from the melt synthetic linear high polymers
US3346916A (en) * 1966-01-17 1967-10-17 Monsanto Co Spinneret for production of synthetic grass yarn
US4235574A (en) * 1979-01-17 1980-11-25 Eastman Kodak Company Spinneret orifice cross-section
US4392808A (en) * 1982-06-21 1983-07-12 Eastman Kodak Company Spinneret orifice cross-sections
US5242644A (en) * 1990-02-20 1993-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making capillary channel structures and extrusion die for use therein

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE746020C (en) * 1937-09-28 1944-05-27 Dr Friedrich Scheermesser Device for the production of woolly rayon threads
DE1171556B (en) * 1954-03-04 1964-06-04 Chemiefaserwerk Schwarza Iawil Production of fine-titer drawn threads from the melt of synthetic linear high-polymer
DE1238154B (en) * 1955-09-17 1967-04-06 Schwarza Chemiefaser Spinneret for the production of threads, fibers, ribbons and the like. Like. With air inclusions from the melt synthetic linear high polymers
US3061401A (en) * 1958-06-11 1962-10-30 Schweizerische Viscose Process for producing synthetic bast of linear polymeric thermoplastic material
US3346916A (en) * 1966-01-17 1967-10-17 Monsanto Co Spinneret for production of synthetic grass yarn
US4235574A (en) * 1979-01-17 1980-11-25 Eastman Kodak Company Spinneret orifice cross-section
US4392808A (en) * 1982-06-21 1983-07-12 Eastman Kodak Company Spinneret orifice cross-sections
US5242644A (en) * 1990-02-20 1993-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making capillary channel structures and extrusion die for use therein

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