US1994224A - Ore crusher - Google Patents

Description

6 Sheets-Sheet 1 R. LINN ORE CRUSHER March 12, 1935.

6 SheetsSheet 2 Filed Jan. 14, 1935 March 12, 1935. R. LINN 1,994,224

ORE CRUSHER v I Filed Jan. 14, 1933 e sheets-Sheet 3 Ariz- March 12, 1935. UNN

ORE GRUSHER Filed Jn. 14, 1955 R LINN ORE CRUSHER March 12, 1935.

Filed Jan. 14, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 NIH! R. LINN ORE CRUSHER March 12, 1935.

6 Sheets-Sheet 6 0 0m on R \w Filed Jan. 14, 1933 w on Patented Mar. 1 2 1933 ORE CRUSHER Robert Linn, Chicago, 131.; Lawrence W. Whitmcr, administrator of said Robert Linn, deceased, assignor, by mcsne assignments, to Eureka Machinery Company (Limited) Trust Estate,

Chicago, Ill.

Application January 14,

16 Claims.

The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus for crushing refractory materiaLsuch as mineral ores andslag,-or natural rock suitable for making cement, which shall be more efficient for the purpose than structures hitherto commonly employed, both in. respectto the degree and uniformity of fineness of the product, and in respect to the rate at which the product can be produced with anapparatus of given size, and. operated by given horse power; and which shall be more economical in construction and adapted for longer and moresevere service with less wear than the structures in common use.

The invention consists in the elements and features of construction shown and described as 1 indicated in the claims.

, 'In the drawings:

Figure 1 is atop plan view of a machine embodying this invention. i

Figure 2 is a horizontal-vertical section at the line 2--2 on Figure 1. 1

Figure 3 is a transverse section at the line 3-3 on Figure l on somewhat larger scale than Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a front side elevation of the structure shown in Figure 1. r

Figure 5 is an enlargement of a portion of the sectional View shown in Figure 2 showing the crushing jaws and intervening rotor 'with which they cooperate for crushing or grinding, Figured is an inner'face View of one of the crushin jaws. 1 Figure 7 is a side elevation of the rotor, its shaft beingshown in section. v

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a part which is concerned in the operating of toggles by which the jaws are given their crushing movement. Figure 9 is a front side elevation, partly in sec-1 tion, of a modified form of the structure shown in Figure 1. r

Referring to the drawingst The apparatus illustrated comprises a pairof crushing jaws, 20, 20, identical in form and operation, which are mounted facing each other, as hereinafter more particularly described, each in one of the adjustable parts, A of the frame structure indicated as to its entirety at A, and which are actuated for their crushing movement by toggles, 30,,ar-

ranged in pairs at opposite sides of the 'pair of jaws, as seen most clearly in Figures 1 and .2, each toggle being connected at the innerend, as seen at 21, to the jaw which is to be actuated at the outer side thereof, and at the outer end, as seenat 22, to an upright member, d of the 1933, Serial No. 651,721

(01. sa-say adjustable frame member, A located at said outer side of the jaw. is '-f The two toggles of each pair are connected to the'jawswhich they operate, one near theupper end'and the other near the lower end of the jaws, as seen at 24, and the ends of the togglesare connected at corresponding higher and. lower positions on the uprights, a ,.of the adjustable frame member, A

The crushing jaws, 20, 20, are pivotally'mounted respectively. on the adjustable frame members, A for oscillating each about a horizontal pivot located midway in the vertical extent of the co- 7 operating faces of the jaws, the jaws being for such mounting formed withbosses, 25,,project-1 ing transversely toward the opposite longitudinal side bars, a formed with corresponding bosses, 26, between which the jaws,,including their bosses, 25, are dimensioned forclose fit, and the mated bosses of the jaw and frame bar are bored to receive'pivots, 27, dimensioned fordrive fit inthe bores of the jaw bosses and for rocking fit in the bores of the frame bar bosses, beyond which latter the pivots project to receive stop collars, 28, secured to the pivots by key pins, as indicated at 28*.

The frame-members, A are each independently mounted slidingly on thebase web, A ofthe frame, A, which is formed with longitudinally extending side flanges, (1 between which a bottom web, a oi the adjustableirame member which is fitted, as seen ate in Figure 3, and retained against vertical displacement by retaining bars, A bolted to the flanges, a as seen at a For adjusting the adjustable frame member longitudinally ,of the main frame for operably spacing apart the jaws there is providedfon each of the end uprights, A of the main frame adjustable means consisting of a horizontal adjusting shaft, 30, journalled on the outer side of the upright, A extending across the entire widthoi the frame and projecting at bothends beyond its journal bearings, 31, and carrying outside said journal bearings at each' end ail-eccentric, 32; which may be referred to as a crank wrist;' and at which side of the adjustable frame meme ber,-at each end of the adjusting.shaft, 3,0,, there is provided a connector, 35, whichmaybe referred to as a pitman engaged at one end by suitably dimensioned ring. terminal, 35*,with'the eccentric or crank wrist, 32, and at theother end engaged with a pivot stud,'33, on the outer side of'the lateral longitudinally. extending web, al, of the adjustable frame'member. a

The ends of the shaft, 30, are formed, as seen at 30*, to receive a suitably formed operating crank (not shown) for rotating the shaft to operate the pitman for adjusting the adjustable straightening and fiexure of the toggles which are 7 connected respectively to the jaw above and below the pivot; and that if means is provided for straightening each toggle of, the pair concur rently with the flexing of the other toggle of the pair, and. as to the two. sets of toggle connections, connected respectively with the opposite jaws, for producing the straightening movements of the upper toggles of the two sets simultaneously, and likewise producing thestraightening movement of the lower toggles of the two sets simultaneously, the jaws will be oscillated oppositely for alternately closing and opening the gap at their upper ends and simultaneously opening and closing. the gap at their lower ends. And it will be understood that the purpose ac complished by such alternate opening and closing movements at the upper and lower sides of the oscillating jaws,which closing movement in both instances, viz, at the upper and lower sides,is effected by the straightening of the toggle producing thrust with maximum leverage,--which is the mechanical characteristic of a tog 1e,--0n the jaw at a substantial distance from its pivot and thereby with advantage of ad ditional leverage for crushing the material which will have descended toward the pivot of the jaws while they have been opening at the upper side, so that a very powerful crushing efiect is obtained while the jaws are opening at the lower side for free delivery of the crushed material.

For .operating the :toggles for producingthe thrust for closing the jaws together alternately at the upper and lower sides, above and below the fulcrum of the jaw considered'as a lever of the first class having equal arms,-there is provided a shaft, 50,power-driven, as indicated by the. band wheel or fly wheel, 51,said shaft journalled in the end upright A of the main frame, A, as seen at 52, and also in the upright, 0 of each of the cliding frame members, A as seen at 53, 53, and havingadditional journal bearing seen at 54, 54, in the posts, a a with which the sliding frame members are provided, as seen in Figure 2. i

The shaft, 50, carries in the zone of the knee joints of each pair of toggles an eccentric cam member, '70, which may be referred to as a crank wrist,and which is mounted between the journal bearings, 53, and 5.4 and engaged with said journal bearings for sliding vertically there is provided a part, '71, having a horizontally elongated aperture, '72, whose width vertically is the diameter of the eccentric cam or crank wrist, 70, and in which apertureisaid cam crank wrist is engaged for reciprocating said part, 71, vertically in its said slide bearings in the rotation of the shaft. Said part, '71, is'connected at its'opposite ends by links, 73, '73, with the knee-joint pivot, 30 of the upper toggle, :30, and by links, .74,

'74, with the knee jointpivot, 30 of the lower V toggle, 30.

The above description applies to the construction of both sides of the jaw assembly which oper-' ates the actuating the jaws the parts mentioned,

identical at both sides of the jawassembly, being identified by the same reference characters.

The operation of this eccentric cam or crank wrist and cooperating connections with the toggle r V v knee joints, which connection may be referred to as crank-and-pitman, willbe obvious from the. construction without further description. s For cooperation with the crushing jaws for their crushing function, there. is provided, mounted on the shaft, 50, for rotation therewith, between the two jaws a rotor, E. 'This rotor is in general of diamond shape in diametric section with hubs, E E by'which it is mounted on the shaft, 50, and keyed thereto as indicated by the f I key seen at e. v V The acute angle of the diamond form of" the rotor issuch as to make the slope of the'outer of the opposedfaces of the jaws; and in the construction :as illustrated these recesses: being surfaces correspond.withthe'depth of the recesses spherical in form,conformedto'a'segment of a sphere,-thefslope of thefliamond formof the rotor is that of a chord of the arc of the sphere ical form of. the recesses, as seen in Figures 1 and5.f'

For lodgment and engagement of the fragments of material to be crushed as they. enter the space between the jaws and therotor, the rotor. is formed onits opposite faces with shallow recessesor pockets, I75, seen. most clearly in Figure spaced, apart circumferentiallwat intervals, measured at the circumference ofthe rotor, ap-

proximately equal to the ar'cuate' extent of the 1 40 But diIneir- .7, sectoral in general outline :and uniformly" doubled by the addition of the rotor, independent- 1y of the rotation of the latter; since as. much j J crushing will be effected between ,either jaw and the rotor as would. be effected between the two jaws in the absence of the rotor, assuming the jaws in the absence of a rotor to be formed for spacing their opposed surfacesas closely. and as are spaced in the construction shown. And it will be seen that this double capacity for fragmentizing or reducing to crumbs is further greatly increased by the rotation of the rotor engaging by the recesses or. p-ockets,.75, any ore fragments which are larger in some dimension than: the spacing of the jaws from the rotor at the upper side of the shaft while the "jaws from'the rotor are being rocked for widening the gap at the upper side, the ledged fragments being carried aroundrto the lower side while the jaws are closing for crushing the material thus carried'beq' tween them, while at the same time additional material is taking its place at the upper side vacated by the material thus carried around, where r as if the rotor were not being rotated,}the'frag mentsifirst caught and stopped'between the jaw; 1 f1 widely apart as the faces of the rotor-andjaws and the rotor at the upper side would be heldin materiallwhile the jawscompleted their. rocking movement for closing together at the upper,- side that position; delaying the delivery of additional" .andcrushing thermaterial there engaged so that it would fall and be discharged through the jaws widely opened at the lower side. From this construction it may be calculated, flrst, that the interposition ofv the rotor between. the jaws doubles the crushing capacity of the apparatus, and second that the rotation of the rotor again doubles said capacityyso that the presence and rotation of the rotor at least quadruples the crushing capacity of the apparatus over whatit would be with the two jaws operating as described without the intervening rotor;

For full understanding of. the operation of the apparatus in the crushing process, and noting the reasons for 'thedetail form of the cooperating elements, let it be assumed that a piece of refractory, material which is exposed to the crushing acvtionis-a substantially rectangular oblong block which has resulted from theinitial crushing of a larger block betweenthe flaring entrance flanges at the upper ends of the jaws. Upon this assumptionitwill be seen that such block having in the opening movementof the jaws at their upper ends passed into the gap between the conically-cone cave face of the rotor, and the-spherically concave face ofone of thejaws, will in the ensuing closing movement of the jaws be encountered at opposite ends by the spherically concaveface'of the jaw, and will encounter at the middle, point of its length the conically convex face of the rotor, and will thus be subjected to a' stress tending to break it at what may be thought of as its fuljcruming point, via, the point of-encounterwith the convex face of the rotor; and that it will be broken; at that point by a. small fraction of the force which would be necessary to crush it if its encounter with the rotor and jaw occurred at directly opposite points, asfor example, the surfaces betweenwhich it was grasped were both flat faces, whichwould make the stroke of thejaw upon the ore fragment like the blow of a hammer upon such fragment resting upon an anvil. And although of course the ore fragments entering the jaws forbeing crushed will not be syrnmetrical blocks as assumed, the condition in respect to the grasp of the cooperating jaws and rotor faces upon the irregular pieces of orewhich enter be tween them in the opening movementof the jaws approximating those above described in respect to a symmetrical block. And thus it maybe understood that each blow or bite of thejaws upon the ore fragmentsreaching them is multipliedin effectiveness for breaking the same into smaller fragments by the form of the cooperating faces of the rotor and'jawfrespectively resulting in the advantageous leverage described. a

7 And upon further consideration it will be seen that due to the spherical form of the concavity of the jaw, the block will be encountered not only at opposite sides horizontally ,of the point of lcdgment of the block against the conic'ally convex face of the rotor, but also at opposite sides vertically of such point of lodgment, at least if the block is to any extent protruded toward the rotor at the point of its lodgment; so that the opening and breaking stress of the crushing stroke of the jaw will operate for breaking the block in both horizontal and vertical directions, resulting in bending and breaking the'blockinto at least four fragments instead of only two, as will result from the action if the jaw face were conically or cylindrically instead of spherically concave.

The main frame bottom web, A is formed with an aperture seen at a directly below the jaw assembly for admitting the crushed material de inor below the foundation support indicated at H on which the apparatus in entirety is mounted, as seen in Figure 1. Andiabove the crushing ape paratus'there is provided a chute as indicatedat N, 1eading from'a source (not shown) ofmaterial to be, crushed, said chute terminating; for discharge directly vover the funnel mouthof the crusher which is formed, as described'rby the two flaring flanges, 20 and 20 ,'of the jaw members. Said chute may be referred to as means forrintrcducing material to be crushed between the crushin laws.

Upon considering the operation of the jaws for crushing, and the utilization of toggles for obtaining the advantage ofleverage which is the characteristic of the toggle, and further noting ments will accordingly experience the crushing action of the jaws when the toggle action is reversed, that is, the upper toggle being straightened and the lower toggle flexed,,it will be noted that for crushingthe fragments thus detained,

the upper ends or sides of the jaws most remote from the fulcrums of the levers which the jaws constitute, the maximum leverage value of the toggles should desirably be made available; and it may be recognized that this desirability "will be attained only by locating the toggles which actuate the jaws at the upper end, for connection with the jaws as nearly as possible at the upper' ends of the latter. Accordingly, inthe construction shown in Figure 9, bothjaws are shown connected at their upper ends with the adjustable frame uprights, a, by toggles, 300, 300, said tog gleshaving their knee joint pivots, 300$, connected by links, 300 with the knee joint pivots of the upper toggles, 30. In this construction the excess of rangeof oscillation of the pivots, 300 of theltoggles, 300 connecting said toggles to the upper end of the'jawjover that of the pivots of the uppertoggles, 30, to the jaw, said-excess due to the greater distance of the first mentioned pivotsfrom the fulcrum of the jaw,':is compensated or-accommodated by making the outer toggle member, 30, in the form of a bell crank lever with the lever arm, 30!", carrying the pivot for connect ing the corresponding toggle member, 300, .instead of pivoting said toggle member, 30, directly to the frame uprighau a It will be understood that an apparatus of the construction described when designedfor crushing the. refractory material mentioned,mineral slag or hard natural rock,will have the. jaws and rotor made of correspondingly, hard and tough material, the jaws being desirably madeof manganese steel casting, and the rotor of the same or any equally tough and hard metal In the operation of such machinery there is liability to accident from pieces of casting or hard metal tools, such as a sledge hammer or monkey wrench being dropped into the hopper or container from which the partly fragmentized ore is, delivered by the chute, N, to the crusher jaws; and thus being delivered'into the lattertobe caught between the j awst'hro'ugh which it is too large :to pass, and too hard to be crushed, and

- the upper'end, and being engaged in the pockets of the rotor, it will at least blockade the machine, preventing the passageof the material to be crushed Upon the occurrence of such accidents, it will be necessary to stop the machine and in some manner extricate the accident-causing article. And this is facilitated and made possible Without disassembling the machine by the provision above described foradjusting the sliding frame members, A the range of adjustment provided by the diameter of the eccentric cam or crank wrist, 31, and the range of sliding movement of the frame members, A in the main frame being such as to permit the separation of the jaws farther than the dimension of any article which could enter the funnel mouth;

practical operation of 'a machine of this character of proper size for handling mineral ore for the purpose of crushing to crumb size suitable for passing through a grinder or pulverizer for reducing it to a flour, the normal speed of the driving shaft is about 300 revolutions per minute, and both jaws being oscillated back and forth in each revolution, four hammer blows are delivered upon the-material to'be crushed'in each revolution of the shaft, making, 1200 blows per minute, or'20 per second. These blows being delivered with the almost infinite leverage of the toggle supplemented by the leverage due to the distance from the jaw fulcrums to the point at which the toggles are connected, the pressure for crushing the material which has dropped toward and arrived nearly at the line of the fulcrum is sufiicient to'crush the hardest ore, natural rock or slag; Any fragments less in all dimensions thanthe, distance at which the jaws are spaced from the rotor at the hub of the latter, will pass through the jaws by gravity, leaving the larger fragments to be delivered without delay as far down in the funnel mouth and between the jaws and the rotor as their dimension willpermit. The pockets or recesses, -75, which havethe function, first, of catch-' ing the finer material and flinging it oil centrifugally, and second of arresting and holding the larger fragments where they can be crushed lodged in said recesses on the lower shoulder thereof during the opening movement of the jaws at the upper side until the reverse movement occurs for crushing the material thus lodged, are desirably not over one-eighth of an inch deep, spacing the bottom surface of the recess not more than one-fourth of an inch from the opposite under .faceof the adjacent jaw; and a machine of this character of average size is dimensioned otherwise than'as to depth for containing in each recess or pocket about six pounds of ordinary mineral ore, when reduced to crumbs of one-fourth of an inchand finer, which in view of the limited depthof one-eighth of an inch will be the result of each crushing action due to the closing of the jaws at the upper side. The capacity'of the machine for delivery of material crushed to onefourth .of'aninch or. finer computed on this basis,

1 issix pounds per pocket, eight-pockets each side ofithe rotor making ninety six pounds for each revolution of the rotor, revolving, as indicated, at I q the rateof three hundred revolutions perminute,

making nearly twenty tons per hour. It maybe computed that'the. power of each blow or crush-' ing movement of eitherjaw is approximately one 7 million foot pounds; and upon considerationbf timeoccupied by each fragment entering the jaws too large to pass the throat, and-thus avoiding the operation it will be seen that if the average crushing action because notfeq'uiring' to be crushed, isone-half second, each such fragment will beexposed to five blows With'one million foot pounds force, which may be judged to be sum- 1 cient for crushing any knownore or refractory rock. t a v t Upon considering theoperation of this crusher in respect to the rate of discharge of the'crushed material therefrom relative to the rate ofdelivery thereto of the material tobe crushed, it'maybe noted that the clearancefor passage of the matef rial substantially atthe hub of the rotor-" ns shown atD, in FigurelZdetermines the lim-it'of 7 size to which the material must be reduced by I crushing in order to pass through and -be dis-'- charged. And it will be noted that'this-clar ance is unvarying in the operation of the ap paratus by reason of being at the-planeofthe pivots of the vibrating jaws and the axis of the rotor. And it'will be noted that since the mini mum opening of the jaws for entrance-of the ma- J terial at the upper end is the same as the minimum opening at the lower end for discharge, even if at any time all the material deliveredtothe apparatus at the upper end should be belowsaid predetermined size, so that-it would fall'with'out delay to and through thezone of uniform-clear ance, the excess of clearance, over the cross'sec tionof the stream of material passing'at the discharge side of the apparatus even at the stage of closure of the jaws at the lower or discharge'side, would be a very substantial amountgrby reason of the gravity acceleration, making the discharge 7 much morerapidthan the gravity in flow. And, in actual practicetheproportion of the material not requiring to be crushed inorder to pass the uniformclearance zone," would normally be-a small fraction of; the quantity of material deliv ered to the apparatus;- and the materialrequiring crushing in order to pass that zone,- would be dc-l; tained, even in' the-case of the 'partlmost ea'sily crushed and requiring least crushing to reduce" it to size for passing, at least the length of'time occupied in'one complete oscillationof the jaws. And in the detentionrof this material requiring crushing will blockade the passage at the point where said materialiis grasped by the jawsfor crushing and hold back the material following behindit for entrance between the jaws. Sothat in actual practice the crushed material'willbe' moving at its discharge several times faster than at entrance, with the result that'the passageway I I through the apparatus below theplane 'offthe jaw pivots will be at all times at least seventy-i five percent unoccupied; and the apparatus cannot become clogged except bythe accidental entrance of an article too large to passthrough, the zone of unchanged clearance, and too hard'to'be velocity of the rotor which-- will notonly muse crushed or broken by the apparatus; inf whic'li case the operator will adjust the'jaws apart to the material after it is crushed to dimension for passing the zone of uniform clearance, to be impelled centrifugally against the jaws and furlargely unoccupied than as above-indicated, so

that clogging, except by the'accidental entrance of uncrushable substance, will be impossible.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for crushing refractory material comprising a frame structure; a pair of jawmembers having each a recessed face, said jaw members being mounted in the frame. structure with'their recessed faces toward each other; a rotatable shaft journalled in the frame extending throughboth jaw members centrally with respect to their r'ecesses; a rotor carried by the shaft between the recessedjaw faces, said rotor being in diametric section symmetrically tapered narrowing outwardly radially from center to circumference; the jaw members being pivotally mount ed on thef-rame for oscillating longitudinally with respect to the shaft reciprocatingly toward and from each other, the pivotaxes of the jaw membersbeing parallel to each other and directly transverse to theshaft axis, and means for simultaneously rotating the shaft and oscillating the Jaws. I r 1 2. An apparatus for crushing refractory mate rial comprising a frame structure, apair of crushing jaws having each a spherical concave face,

said jaws being mounted in the frame structure with their concave faces toward each other; a

rotatable shaft journalled on the frame extending through both jaws concentrically with respect to their spherical concavities; a rotor carried by the shaft between the concave jaw faces, said rotor being in diametric section symmetrically tapered narrowing from centerto circumferencathe jaw members being pivotally mounted on the frame for oscillating longitudinally with respect to the shaft reciprooatin'gly toward andfrorn each other, the pivot axes of the jaw members being parallel toea'ch other and directly transverse to the shaft axis, and means for concurrently rotating the shaft in oscillating the jaws. 4 V

3.-The construction defined in'claim l, the means for oscillating the jaws com-prising parts rotated 'by the shaft and operatively connected with the jaws respectively for oscillating the latteri -1 1 7 4. The construction defined in claim 1', the jawoscillating means comprising toggles connecting the jaws respectively with the, frame structure at opposite sides of therotor, and rotative elements carried by the shaft having toggle-actuat ing connections to the knee joints of the respective toggles.

' 5. An apparatus for crushing refractory ma-' terial comprising a frame structure; a pair of crushing jaws and means carried by the frame structure by which they are individually horizontally pivoted medially of the'extent of their opposed faces respectively; power-actuated means 'operatively connected with the jaws arranged to oscillate themrespectively inopposite directions about their respective pivots, the jaws being arranged at the side thereof above-the pivots for the introduction between them during their oscillation of material to be,crushed, said power-actuated means comprising a powerdriven rotatable shaftjournalled on the'frame extending through the jaws at an. axis transverse to the axes of the jaw pivots, and a rotor carried by the shaft between the jaws. I

6. An apparatus for crushing refractory ma terial comprising a frame structure; a pair of crushing jaws and means carried by the frame structure by which they are individually horizontally pivoted medially of the extent of their opposed faces respectively; power-actuated means operatively connected with the jaws arranged to oscillate themiresp'ectively in opposite directions about their respectivepivots,

the jaws being 1 arranged at the side thereof above the pivots for the introduction between them during their oscillation of material to be crushed, the jaw-oscillating means comprising a pair of toggles operatively associated with each jaw with the two toggles of the pair connected at one end with the jaw at opposite sides of the'jawpivot on the frame and connected at the 0pposite end to the frame, and a power-driven shaft journalled in the frame and extending through both jaws transversely of the jaw pivots and be.-

tween the two togglesof each pair, and means carried bylthe shaft at its said extent between the two togglesfor operating oppositelyion the;

two toggles simultaneously for flexing them respectively at their knee joints in opposite direc-f' tions.

7. An apparatus for crushing refractory material comprising a frame structure; a'pair of crushing jaws and means carried by the frame structure by which the jaws are individually horizontally pivoted medially of the extent of their opposed faces respectively; power-actuated means operatively connected with the jaws arranged. to oscillate them'respectively in opposite directions about their respective-pivots, the jaws beingarranged at the side thereof above the pivots for the introduction'between them during their oscillation of material to be crushed, the

jaw-oscillating means comprising a pair of toggles operatively associated with each jaw with the two toggles of the pair connected at one end with the jaw at opposite sides of the jaw pivot on the frame and connected at the opposite end to the frame, and a power-driven shaft journalled in the frame and extending through both jaws transversely of the jaw pivots and between the two toggles of each pair, an eccentric car ried by the shaft in the transaxial plane of the knee joints of the toggles of each pair and cooperatingwith each eccentric for reciprocation thereby transversely of the shaft, an eccentricencompassing element and links therefrom connected with the toggle at the knee joint of the latter, the parts being dimensioned for holding either toggle of the pair at straightened position when the other toggle of the pairis at the position of greatest flexure. i

8; An apparatus for crushing refractory material comprising a frame structure, a pair of crushingjaws and means by which they are mounted inthe frame facing each other, at least one of said jaws being pivoted horizontally at a medial point in its vertical extent oppositethe other jaw, to render itvibratable toward and from the-other; power-actuated means comprisingtwo toggles connected to the pivoted jaw respectively above and below the jaw pivot, the connection of at least the toggle which is connected above said jaw pivot being relatively remote from said pivot; a power shaft journalled horizontally in the frame transversely of the jaw pivot ;a part interposed in the journal bearbeing arranged at the side thereof above the ing of the shaft and mounted therein for sliding vertically, said .part having 'a vertically 61011? gated aperture for the: shaft wider thanfthe shafts diameter; a collar'mounted concentrically on. the shaft having its outer diameter equal to the width of said elongated aperture,'and linksconnecting said slidingly mounted part with the pivots of the knee jointsof the toggles respec tively; whereby the rotation of the shaft causing Ivertical reciprocation of said slidingly mounted part operates the toggles for oscillating the pivoted jaw about its pivot to cause the two areas respectively'above and below'the pivot axis to alternate with each other in movements toward the corresponding areas of the other jaw, and means for introducing the material to be crushed betweenthe jaws at the'upper side thereof.

-QJAn apparatus for'crushing refractory material. comprising a frame structure; 'a'pair of icrushing jaws and means carried .byzthe frame structure by which they are individually horizontally pivoted medially of the extent of their opposed faces respectively; means operatively connected with the jaws ar- Eranged" to oscillate them respectively in opposite directions about their respective pivots, the jaws the plane transverse to the shaftin which theknee joints of the toggles are located, and connection operated by said cam element to the knee,

pivots of the toggles for straightening and flexing each toggle in each revolution of the cam, 'the cam being symmetrically formed for actuating each toggle in direction for straightening simultaneously with the actuation of the other toggle for flexing; whereby the toggles operate for oscillating the jaws respectively about their pivots ;in opposite directions in each revolution of' the shaft.

10(An apparatus for crushing refractoryma terial comprising a frame structure; a pair of crushing jaws and means carried by the frame at opposite sides of the shaft to the knee joint structure by which they are individually horizontally-pivoted medially of the extent of'their opposed faces respectively; power-actuated means operatively connected with the jaws arranged to oscillate them respectively in opposite directions about their respective pivots, the jaws being arranged at the side thereof above the pivots for ,theintroduction between them during their oscillation of material to .be

crushed, the means for actuating thejaws for oscillation about their saidmedial: pivots comprising in respect to each jaw 21. pair "of toggles connectedv each at one end to the jaw, one remotely above and the other equally remotely be low the pivot, and at the-opposite end connected to the frame, and ashaft journalled in' the frame extending between the'two toggles with its axis transverse to the axis of the jaw pivot, an eccentric cam and encompassing ring carried by the shaft with links connecting the ring power-actuated centric cam t'o'straighten one toggle and-.si-l

multaneously flex the other, and as to each" toggle, to alternate straightening and flexing'in each revolution; 1

11. The construction defined in claim 8 having both jaws pivoted horizontally and vibrated as described in claim 8, the power shaft extending through the jaws, and .a rotor mounted ona'nd being spaced apart from each other sufficiently to accommodate the rotor without contact :of. the

jaws at theirnearest approach. to eachcther in i 12. An apparatus for crushing refractorymaterial comprising a frame structure; a pair fOf'" jaw members mountedfacing each iotherand having their opposed'faces recessed'atequal db' rectly opposed areas; a rotatable shaftjournaledt in theframe and extending through 'both jaws; said rotor being .in'diametric section symmetrie, cally tapering widening inwardly from circumference toward the center correspondinglyto' their oscillation.

the depthof the recesses 10f the opposedl faces pivots of theopposite toggles respectively; where; F byeach revolution of the shaft causes the 'ec'- "10.1; rotated'by the shaft between the jaws, the. jaws of the jaws, the jav'vmembers being pivotally; mounted on the frame for oscillating longitudinallywith-respect to the shaftreciprocatinge 1y toward and fromeach other, the pivot axes of the jaw members being parallelito each other,

and directly transverse to the shaft and means for simultaneously rotating; the shaft and oscillating the jaws,'the jaw: members having each at the upper side asemi-circular outwardly flaring flange, the two flanges being mated to each other for forming when the-jaws are closed together a tapering funnel mouth'leading to the cavity formed by the combined recesses of the'two jaws, said flaring jflangesbeing f n,

nished with horizontally projecting flanges. at

opposite sides for spanning the gap-betweenthe, V

funnel-forming flanges when the jaw members are adjusted for spacing them apart'from each other.

13. The construction defined in claiml2, funnel-forming flanges being formed onj their inner surfaces with y-shaped corrugations prev senting upwardly facing flat shoulders for lodg-;

ment of the fragments of a refractory ma-terial to retard their descent into the, jaws and facilitating the crushing of said fragments in the 05- cillatory closing together of the jaws atthe upper side.

14. The construction defined claimlgthe rotor having in each of its opposite faces toward the jaws respectively a circular series-of-rshallow pockets 'each' forming a shoulder facing away from the axis of revolution of the rotor and lateral radially extending shoulders foreng'agement and actuation rotatively with respect to the shaft of fragments of the material deliveredio:

the apparatus for crushing.

15. An apparatus for crushing refractory-ma-g terial comprising a frame structure; a pair of crushing jaws and means carried by the frame Y structure 'by-which they areindividually hori-y a zontally pivoted. medially of the extent of their opposed faces ranged to oscillate them respectively iniopposite directions about their respective pivots, the jawsrespectively; power-actuated, means operatively connected with the jaws ar- 7 being arranged at the side-thereof above the pivots for the introduction between them dur-- ing their oscillation of material to be crushed,

the frame structure comprising azmain arranged to support power-actuated means, said power-actuated means comprising a power driven shaft journalled on the main frame two frame members constituting respectively the immediate supports on which the jaws respectively are pivoted, said frame members being mounted slidingly on the main frame, and means operable at will for adjusting them on the main frame to adjust the jaws in respect to the distance between their co-operating faces.

16. An apparatus for crushing refractory material comprising a frame structure; a pair of crushing jaws carried by the frame structure by which they are individually horizontally pivoted medially of the extent of their opposed faces respectively, jaw-oscillating means comprising a pair of toggles operatively associated with each jaw with the two togglesof the pair connected at one end with the jaw at opposite sides of the jaw pivot on the frame, and connected at the opposite end to the frame, and a power-driven shaft journalled in the frame and extending through both jaws transversely of the jaw pivots and between the two toggles of each pair, and means carried by the shaft at its said extent between the two toggles for operating oppositely on the two toggles simultaneously for flexing them respectively at their knee joints in 0pp0 site directions, the jaws having each at the upper end an extension, said extensions constituting anlinleading mouth piece for receiving material to be crushed arranged for crushing the material introduced at said mouth piece in the oscillation of the jaws, and'a third toggle associated with each jaw and with the part of the toggles pertaining thereto connected at one end to the jaw toward the upper end of said extension and at the other end to the frame, and having the pivot of the knee joint link-connected with the pivot of the knee joint of the upper toggle of the pair.

ROBERT LINN.

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