US1982485A - Storage battery grid - Google Patents

Storage battery grid Download PDF

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Publication number
US1982485A
US1982485A US526060A US52606031A US1982485A US 1982485 A US1982485 A US 1982485A US 526060 A US526060 A US 526060A US 52606031 A US52606031 A US 52606031A US 1982485 A US1982485 A US 1982485A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheet
expanded
expanded metal
grid
accumulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US526060A
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English (en)
Inventor
Salmon Harry
Williams Ernest Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Expanded Metal Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Expanded Metal Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Expanded Metal Co Ltd filed Critical Expanded Metal Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1982485A publication Critical patent/US1982485A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/72—Grids
    • H01M4/74—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal
    • H01M4/745—Expanded metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/72—Grids
    • H01M4/74—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric accumulators, and more particularly to the constructionand arrangement of the grids or equivalent structures employed in such accumulators to support or act 5 as the base of the active material.
  • the invention as to its main features relates to accumulators in which the grid or equivalent active material carrying structure is constituted by one or more sheets of expanded lead or lead alloy.
  • the sheet or sheets may be supported or sustained by a substantially rigid framework, whereby the completed element for the accumulator is given the required degree of stiffness.
  • the present invention has forone of its objects to provide simple and efficient means, whereby the expanded metal portion of a grid or equivalent structure, may be associated with one or more solid rigid carrying and/or stiffening members,
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an extremely durable and eflicient grid structure of expanded lead in which the lead shall be as. nearly as possible homogeneous in quality and close in texture, and which. shall be adapted to retain active paste very firmly against dislodgement under the effects of vibration, and so forth.
  • the expanded metal portion of the grid o r equivalent structure of an accumulator is carried in and/or stiiened by one or more solid rigid plates or bars of lead formed with grooves and shaped to receive the expanded metal (e. g. the wave-like formation of one edge of the expanded metal sheet) so that the said expanded metal (e. g. the said edge) may be located in said grooves and fixed into position there.
  • the parts of the expanded metal sheet whichare fitted into the bar or bars or the like are burnt together or welded by the usual means in position in the grooves so that after the burning or welding operation, the expanded metal andthe rigid bars may be regarded for most practical purposes as forming a unitary homogeneous structure.
  • a second feature of the invention is concerned with the construction of the expanded metal itself.
  • a sheet to be expanded is in the act o f expanding, widened in one direction, and therefore shortened in the direction at right angles thereto.
  • a sheet to be expanded is firstslitted and is then forcibly pulled (for example by passing it through diverging guides) so that the slits (whose lengths are at right angles to the direction of divergence) are widened out into gaping, roughly diamond shaped openings.
  • the width of the whole sheet is thus considerably increased, and as a result, the length of the sheet i. e. the dimensions at right angles to the direction of divergence, becomes diminished.
  • the sheet which is to be expanded (this term, as will be apparent, is not really accurate as applied to the product manufactured in the way now being described) does not alter in overall width during the expanding processfat all, the material itself being deformed to produce the desired result. Material manufactured by the second class of method will be hereinafter referred to as punched expanded metal.
  • the sheet to be expanded is fed in steps between a reciprocatingpunch or press, the lsheet being normally fed horizontally and the punch or press reciprocating vertically.
  • the :so-operating tools of the punch or press are so shaped that as each strip of sheet is engaged, the said strip is bent substantially through a right angle with respect to the main sheet, and the material thereof slit-.
  • an accumulator grid or the like is formed of punched expanded sheet lead or lead alloy.
  • the slits are very close together and in parallel rows the slits in each row being parallel to one another and slits in alternate rows overlapping into the spaces between alternate slits in the next row.
  • the intermediate product obtained after slitting, but before expanding in the manufacture of so-called expanded metal consists of sheet metal slit in this way, and preferably the material employed in an accumulator grid in accordance with this feature of .the invention is this intermediate product.
  • a sheet of metal is passed between a pair of slitting rollers, which are provided with slitting teeth and the sheet when it emerges from this roller is passed between divergent guides whose length is in the direction of the slitsso that the said sheet'is stretched out so as to open it into the familiar characteristic diamondl like 'mesh
  • Material which it is preferred to employ in carrying out the present feature of this invention is the intermediate product constituted by a sheet as it comes from the slitting rollers and before expansion. It will be obvious that such material is very cheap and easyxto manufacture.
  • Expanded or intermediate expanded insulating separators may be made of any convenient or usual insulating material, le. g. mechanically treated wood, ebonite, or rubber y composition, or celluloid.
  • an insulating separator In a preferable manner of manufacturing an insulating separator a prepared sheet of rubber composition is employed. This sheet is partially vulcanized-so as to be suiiiciently stiff to be passed vthrough a suitable cutting machine e. g. between .v
  • a suitable cutting machine e. g. between .v
  • the actual method of manufacture employed may be one of any of a number of available methods the chosen method in any particular case being determLned with regard to the mechanical and other properties of the material employed.
  • the insu-'110 lating separator in accordance with the present invention by stamping or pressing rather than by a slitting and'stretching process.
  • insulating material e. g. ebonite 01 rubber composition may also be employed to constitute an edge and/or bottom framing member for an expanded or intermediate expanded lead orlead alloy accumulator grid.
  • insulating material e. g. ebonite 01 rubber composition may also be employed to constitute an edge and/or bottom framing member for an expanded or intermediate expanded lead orlead alloy accumulator grid.
  • the kindan expanded lead accumulator grid is grooved or saw-cut on each face down each 120 side parallel to and close to each side edge and aldng the bottom parallel to and yclose to the bottom edge.
  • Ebonite edge and bottom framing members of approximately- C section are then placed in position the open ends of'the C tting 125 'I'he invention is illustrated in the accompany-- ing drawings which show various arrangements in accordance therewith.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of a framing member in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a sectional. view of the member shown in Figure 4, the section being taken on the l Figure Sis a front view of a sheet of expanded metal adapted to form part of the grid;
  • Figure 4 is a view in side or end elevation of the sheet of expanded material shown in Fig- J the structure shown Figure 5; 150
  • Figure 8 is a front view of a further modification
  • Figure 9 isa view in elevation of a framing member
  • Figure 10 is a view in side or end elevation of the member shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a front view of a grid construction in which framing members such as are shown in Figures 9 and 10 are employed;
  • Figure 12 is a front view of a sheet of slitted lead which may be employed in carrying out the invention in a Plant lead grid;
  • Figure 12 shows a transverse section of the sheet shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 13 is a view in front elevation of a carrier frame adapted for supporting grids comprising sheets such as are shown in Figures 12 and 12; and
  • Figure 14 is a plan view of the frame shown in Figure 13.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show respectively in front view and side section on the line X-X of Figure 1, a bar B of lead, which is to act as a carrier for the sheet S of punched rately in front view lin Figure 3, and in side view in Figure 4.
  • the bar B is stamped or otherwise preformed with wave-like grooves G of shape, size and disposition corresponding to the shape, ⁇ size and disposition of the wave-like edge W of the sheet S.
  • the depth of the groove G is substantially equal to the thickness T of the'material in the saidwave-like edge.
  • the thickness of the bar B is preferably approximately equal to twice the thickness T.
  • the edge W is placed in the grooves G and welded or burnt in position, for example, by arc welding or flame burning so that what is in effect a unitary structure, as shown in front and side views in Figures 5 and 6 is obtained.
  • the sheet of expanded metal is slightly bent (if required) so as to cause it to lie in the same plane with the carrier bar B, as shown in Figures 4 and 6.
  • this arrangement provides a very easy and simple methbd of mounting the punched expanded metal grids in such a way as will result in ⁇ great strength and good electrical.A contact with 'resulting high conductivity.
  • the sheet and carrier bar may, as stated, be arrangedto lie in one plane, there are no side projections, due to the method of fixing the sheetl to the carrier, while the thickness of thefwhole of the assembled device need not be any greater than the overallthlckness of the carrier bar B itself.
  • solid'rigid stiil'ening members may be provided at the bottom and/or in any other position upon the sheet of expanded lead, in addition to or in place of the stiffening bar shown in the drawings at the top of the sheet.
  • the bottom stiffening bar would preferably be provided in the same way, as has been illustrated for a top bar in the drawings.
  • the grooves in the said bars should preferably be shaped to receive the mesh at the positions in which the bars are to be xed.
  • side edges tothe sheet may be spot welded or burnt or otherwise suitably fixed to side frame members B0 (not shown) so as to provide additional rigidity.
  • strengthening rigid cross pieces may be provided these pieces being either grooved as above described or simply burnt or otherwise fixed to the y sheet without grooving.
  • the grid may comprise a plurality of sheets of expanded metal Ain the same general plane these sheets being joined by strengthening cross pieces to which their edges are welded or otherwise xed. It will be appreciated that a stronger structure is probably obtained when the side members are grooved to receive the expanded metal, as illustrated in the drawings, for the top member, rather than merely spot welded thereto.
  • any other suitable method of fixing may be resorted to, for example, burning.
  • Figure 3 is also utilized to illustrate a method whereby an edge framing of insulating material erg. rubber composition or ebonite may be provided.
  • the expanded sheet is grooved as is indicated at K, said grooves running on both sides of the sheet parallel to and Yadjacent the edges and bottom of the sheet as shown.
  • the vopen 118 ends of cshaped ebonite or similar framing members FM one such member being shown in elevation in Figure 9 and in end view in Figure 10.
  • a sheet thus framed is shown in Figure 11.
  • Figure 12 shows in elevation and Figure 12'* in 120 transverse section (both enlarged) a portion of a sheet of slitted lead which may be employed in carrying out this invention e. g. in a Plant lead accumulator grid.
  • Such sheets may be obtained by passing lead sheets between slitting rollers as in the manufacture of expanded metal.l
  • a plurality of such sheets are superimposed with slight spacing between sheets and are carried in a carrier frame comprising a pair of vertical side members of U-section. These side members constitute the side edges of the accumulator grid structure the sheets of intermediate expanded metal being pushed into the U-sections which are then clamped or otherwise 'deformed to retain the pieces in position.
  • the superimposed intermediate expanded metal sheets may be so arranged that the slits in adjacent sheets are mutually perpendicular.
  • the grid structure thus constituted is placed in an acid bath in coopera. tion with a complementary ⁇ electrode and active material is formed thereon by repeated charging and discharging in accordance with the welllmown process forthe manufacture of Plant cells.
  • a suitable U-sectioned frame is shown in elevation in Figure 13 and in plan in Figure 14.
  • a header or terminal piece HP may be welded or otherwise fixed (as shown in Figure 13) to the frame.
  • such stiiening or strengthening members may be easily obtained in the manufacture of intermediate expanded metal by suitably grooving or cutting out the slitting rollers; for example, where a solid strengthening member running in a direction parallel to the length of the slits is required, this member may be obtained by providing the slitting rollers with peripheral grooves so that no slitting occurs under the grooves since, of course, the sheet passing between the rollers will not be engaged thereby at the grooves. Where a strengthening or stiifening solid portion is required in a direction running at right angles to the slits, this may be obtained by providing one or both of the slitting rollers with one or more longitudinal grooves i. e.
  • tops and bottoms of intermediate expanded sheets may be left-solid for convenience for carrying the slitted sheets in the accumulator and for convenience in making connection to the said sheets.
  • Such unslitted tops may thus serve as connecting heads or where desired they may be thickened to form thicker connecting heads by casting or otherwise xing additional material thereon.
  • material having appearance and qualities substantially identical with that of the material herein termed intermediate expanded material may be made by methods other than as above described, for example, a sheet may be manufactured by direct stamping. In general, however, it will be found that manufacturing by passing between slitting rollers as above described is more economical than other methods of manufacture and results in a'very stable and uniform product.
  • An accumulator plate including a sheet of expanded metal stiffened by a rigidmember formed with a wavy groove in which the expanded metal is located and fixed, said expanded metal being made on a bias whereby the vsheet is given a spine which is parallel to one edge.
  • An accumulator plate including a sheet of expanded metal stiiened by a rigid member formed with a wavy groove in which the expanded metal is located and fixed, said expanded metal being made on a bias whereby the sheet is given a spine which is parallel to a vertical edge.
  • An 'accumulator plate including a punched sheet of expanded metal, said expanded metal being made on a bias whereby ⁇ the sheet is given a spine which is parallel to one edge.
  • An accumulator plate including a sheet of expanded metal carried by a rigid bar formed with a wavy groove in which the expanded metal is located and xed, said sheet having insulating edge framing, comprising lengths of C-sectioned insulating material having the open ends of the c located in grooves formed near the sheet edges.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
US526060A 1930-04-09 1931-03-28 Storage battery grid Expired - Lifetime US1982485A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB11340/30A GB356780A (en) 1930-04-09 1930-04-09 Improvements in or relating to electric accumulators

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US1982485A true US1982485A (en) 1934-11-27

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US526060A Expired - Lifetime US1982485A (en) 1930-04-09 1931-03-28 Storage battery grid

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BE (1) BE378542A (en))
FR (1) FR714544A (en))
GB (1) GB356780A (en))

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867678A (en) * 1955-01-28 1959-01-06 Yardney International Corp Negative electrode for silver-zinc batteries
US2909586A (en) * 1951-12-18 1959-10-20 Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag Sintered plate electrode with expanded-metal grid
US3310438A (en) * 1966-02-17 1967-03-21 St Joseph Lead Co Dispersion strengthened lead battery grids
US3519485A (en) * 1967-07-05 1970-07-07 Accumulateurs Fixes Electrodes for electrochemical generators
US3607411A (en) * 1968-03-21 1971-09-21 Exmet Corp Prestretched expanded metal and method of making it
US3702019A (en) * 1971-04-13 1972-11-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of making diffusion bonded battery plaques
US4284693A (en) * 1978-10-10 1981-08-18 Ball Corporation Orienting and sizing battery grids and articles formed thereby
US4534091A (en) * 1980-08-20 1985-08-13 General Motors Corporation Battery grid and method of making same
US4535040A (en) * 1982-01-20 1985-08-13 General Motors Corporation Battery grid
US4554228A (en) * 1983-04-07 1985-11-19 Hagen Batterie Ag Negative electrode for lead accumulators
US5079111A (en) * 1989-02-24 1992-01-07 Caltec International, Inc. Method for the manufacture of lead-acid batteries and an associated apparatus and associated lead-acid battery
US5762654A (en) * 1996-10-08 1998-06-09 Gnb Technologies, Inc. Method for making lead-acid grids and cells and batteries using such grids

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1442106A (en) * 1973-09-20 1976-07-07 Gen Motors Corp Lead-acid electric storage battery plates
GB1442936A (en) * 1973-09-20 1976-07-14 Gen Motors Corp Method and apparatus for making expanded metal lead-acid storage battery grids
DE3822393C1 (en)) * 1988-07-01 1990-02-08 Accumulatorenfabrik Sonnenschein Gmbh, 6470 Buedingen, De

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2909586A (en) * 1951-12-18 1959-10-20 Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag Sintered plate electrode with expanded-metal grid
US2867678A (en) * 1955-01-28 1959-01-06 Yardney International Corp Negative electrode for silver-zinc batteries
US3310438A (en) * 1966-02-17 1967-03-21 St Joseph Lead Co Dispersion strengthened lead battery grids
US3519485A (en) * 1967-07-05 1970-07-07 Accumulateurs Fixes Electrodes for electrochemical generators
US3607411A (en) * 1968-03-21 1971-09-21 Exmet Corp Prestretched expanded metal and method of making it
US3702019A (en) * 1971-04-13 1972-11-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of making diffusion bonded battery plaques
US4284693A (en) * 1978-10-10 1981-08-18 Ball Corporation Orienting and sizing battery grids and articles formed thereby
US4534091A (en) * 1980-08-20 1985-08-13 General Motors Corporation Battery grid and method of making same
US4535040A (en) * 1982-01-20 1985-08-13 General Motors Corporation Battery grid
US4554228A (en) * 1983-04-07 1985-11-19 Hagen Batterie Ag Negative electrode for lead accumulators
USRE33133E (en) * 1983-04-07 1989-12-19 Hagen Batterie Ag Negative electrode for lead accumulators
US5079111A (en) * 1989-02-24 1992-01-07 Caltec International, Inc. Method for the manufacture of lead-acid batteries and an associated apparatus and associated lead-acid battery
US5276960A (en) * 1989-02-24 1994-01-11 Caltec International, Inc. Method for the manufacture of lead-acid batteries and an associated apparatus and associated lead-acid battery
US5762654A (en) * 1996-10-08 1998-06-09 Gnb Technologies, Inc. Method for making lead-acid grids and cells and batteries using such grids

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Publication number Publication date
FR714544A (fr) 1931-11-16
GB356780A (en) 1931-09-09
BE378542A (en))

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