US1952575A - Collet steel - Google Patents
Collet steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1952575A US1952575A US580508A US58050831A US1952575A US 1952575 A US1952575 A US 1952575A US 580508 A US580508 A US 580508A US 58050831 A US58050831 A US 58050831A US 1952575 A US1952575 A US 1952575A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- carbon
- vanadium
- oil
- collet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- HJIYJLZFNBHCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [V].[C] Chemical compound [V].[C] HJIYJLZFNBHCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001143 Oil hardening tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
- Y10T279/17—Socket type
- Y10T279/17411—Spring biased jaws
Definitions
- the object of my invention is to produce an alloy steel particularly suited to the manufacture of certain machine elements requiring a high degree of hardness and resilience.
- my improved steel may be used to advantage in the manufacture of collets and feed fingers for automatic lathes or screw machines.
- the steel used for this purpose should develop great hardness in the bore of the collet to withstand abrasion from the rod clamped therein.
- the steel must be sufficiently resilient to return to its original shape after being released from compression in the spindle heador chuck. It must also withstand the drastic internal stresses set up when the collet is hardened without cracking. This is a difficult requirement to meet since sharp corners, slots and sudden changes in cross section cannot be avoided in the design of collets and since the maximum hardness (and hence the most drastic quenching action) is required in the slotted end of the bore where these undesirable features are concentrated.
- my invention resides in the use of a relatively high content of manganese which permits satisfactory oil hardening of a composition otherwise requiring water quenching.
- the above analysis ranges may therefore be expanded considerably without departing from the spirit of my invention.
- Vanadium in amounts up to .30% may or may not be used in my steel as desired. When present, vanadium exerts its usual cleansing and toughening effect upon the steel.
- An oil hardening tool steel composed of iron, from about .80 ito about 1.10% of carbon, from about 50% to about .90% of manganese and from about 15% to about 25% of vanadium.
- An oil hardened article made from steel composed of iron. from about 30% to about 1.10% of carbon, from about .60% to about .90% of manganese and from about .15% to about 25% of vanadium.
- An oil hardened collet made from steel composed of iron, from about .80% to about 1.10% of carbon, from about 50% to about .90% of manganese and from about 15% to about 25% of vanadium.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Description
Patented Mar. 27, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE No Drawing. Application December 11, 1931, Serial No. 580,508
3 Claims.
The object of my invention is to produce an alloy steel particularly suited to the manufacture of certain machine elements requiring a high degree of hardness and resilience. For example my improved steel may be used to advantage in the manufacture of collets and feed fingers for automatic lathes or screw machines.
Taking as an example the manufacture of collets, it is necessary that the steel used for this purpose should develop great hardness in the bore of the collet to withstand abrasion from the rod clamped therein. At the same time the steel must be sufficiently resilient to return to its original shape after being released from compression in the spindle heador chuck. It must also withstand the drastic internal stresses set up when the collet is hardened without cracking. This is a difficult requirement to meet since sharp corners, slots and sudden changes in cross section cannot be avoided in the design of collets and since the maximum hardness (and hence the most drastic quenching action) is required in the slotted end of the bore where these undesirable features are concentrated.
It has heretofore been common practice to use a carbon or carbon-vanadium tool steel in the manufacture of collets and to water quench the collet after it has been machined. Steels of this type may for example contain:
Percent Carbon .95 to 1.05 Manganese .20 to .30 Silicon .15 to .25 Vanadium .15 to .25
' While collets made of this steel and water quenched are in general sufliciently hard and re silient, it has proved diflicult to produce the more complicated types (particularly those with wide variations in cross section) without breakage in hardening.
As is well known in the art of heat treating, it is often possible to avoid breakage in hardening by substituting oil for water in the quenching operation. As a rule, however, simple carbon or carbon-vanadium steels do not develop their maximum hardness when quenched in oil and I have found that collets made of these steels and oil quenched are not sufficiently hard to be satisfactory in service. Furthermore, the so-called alloy tool steels containing chromium as the principal hardening agent and which are commonly oil quenched have resilient for satisfactory collets. These steels are also considerably more expensive than simple carbon steels or my improved collet steel.
not proved to be sufllciently 1 have found that if the content of manganese in a steel of the carbon or carbon-vanadium type is increased from the usual range, say .20 to 40%. to about .8082, that the resulting steel when oil quenched will develop the desirable hardness and resiliency of the water quenched carbon steel; and that oil quenching practically eliminates the danger of breakage. The compositions which I have found most suitable for this purpose lie within the following range: v
Percent Carbon .801.50 Manganese .60- .90 Silicon .20- .40 Vanadium .10- .30
It is to be understood that my invention resides in the use of a relatively high content of manganese which permits satisfactory oil hardening of a composition otherwise requiring water quenching. The above analysis ranges may therefore be expanded considerably without departing from the spirit of my invention. As in the case of other steels. it may be necessary, for example, to vary the carbon content through a considerable range in order to adjust the hardening prop- B0 erties of the steel to the section to be hardened. Vanadium in amounts up to .30% may or may not be used in my steel as desired. When present, vanadium exerts its usual cleansing and toughening effect upon the steel.
Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. An oil hardening tool steel composed of iron, from about .80 ito about 1.10% of carbon, from about 50% to about .90% of manganese and from about 15% to about 25% of vanadium.
2. An oil hardened article made from steel composed of iron. from about 30% to about 1.10% of carbon, from about .60% to about .90% of manganese and from about .15% to about 25% of vanadium.
3. An oil hardened collet made from steel composed of iron, from about .80% to about 1.10% of carbon, from about 50% to about .90% of manganese and from about 15% to about 25% of vanadium.
DOUGLAS G. ANDERSON.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US580508A US1952575A (en) | 1931-12-11 | 1931-12-11 | Collet steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US580508A US1952575A (en) | 1931-12-11 | 1931-12-11 | Collet steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1952575A true US1952575A (en) | 1934-03-27 |
Family
ID=24321379
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US580508A Expired - Lifetime US1952575A (en) | 1931-12-11 | 1931-12-11 | Collet steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1952575A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5516373A (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1996-05-14 | Usx Corporation | High performance steel strapping for elevated temperature service and method thereof |
-
1931
- 1931-12-11 US US580508A patent/US1952575A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5516373A (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1996-05-14 | Usx Corporation | High performance steel strapping for elevated temperature service and method thereof |
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