US1951421A - Wall structure - Google Patents

Description

March 20, 1934. w. KLEITZ WALL STRUCTURE Filed DGO. 10, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet INVENT R ATTORN s vll, lllilllllllllllllIl-IEI.

March 20, 1934. w. KLl-:lTz 1,951,421

WALL STRUCTURE Filed DeC. 10, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 -INVNQR ATTORNE iwhich is effective to resist temperature changes Patented Mar. 20, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

This invention relates to wall structure and more especially to wall structures of the socalled hollow type.

An object of this invention is an insulated wall and moisture penetration.

According to this invention, the wall comprises outer masonry sections between which is arranged a core of heat and moisture resistant insulated material. The outer sections may be composed of poured concrete, reinforced if desired, or may be composed of stone, brick or other preformed units used in masonry. The core may be composed of preformed slabs of insulating material or may be composed of a body of insulating material poured in liquid form into the space between the sections and allowed to solidify. Where preformed slabs of insulating material are used, they are supported during the construction of the two outer sections by anchors which hold them in spaced relation to such sections. These anchors are eventually incorporated in the finished wall and become permanent reinforcing members. Such a wall structure effectively resists temperature changes and moisture penetration and when used as the exterior wall of a building permits the application directly to its surface of interior finish such as plaster, wall-paper, paint, etc, thus avoiding the use of the usual furring and lathing, hollow brick, terra cotta furring or other interior insulation.

Other objects, novel features and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the fol-` lowing specification and accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. l is a vertical section through a poured concrete wall, before removal of the forms.

Fig. 2 is a persepctive View partly broken away of a nished wall;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section through a modified form of wall structure;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view similar to Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 of a modiiied form;

Fig. 8 is a vertical section of a further modication;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of Fig. 8 partly broken away;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary view similar to Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a vertical section of a modified form, and

Fig. 12 is an elongated similar to Fig. 11.

The wall structure disclosed in Figs. l to 4 is of the poured concrete type. In constructing this wall, a moulding form is used and comprises a pair of plates 10 which are held in place in the usual manner by tie rods 11 equipped with pins 11a which serve to prevent inward movement of the plates. Between the plates 10 are arranged two groups of vertical and horizontal reinforcing rods 12 and also a vertical core 13 of insulating material which is located between the groups of reinforcing rodsV and is composed of preformed insulated slabs laid edge to edge one on top of the other. The tie rods 11 pass through fragmentary section apertures provided in the bodies of the slabs ofV insulating material or through apertures formed by co-operating semi-cylindrical recesses lin the contacting edges of the slabs. The insulating slabs preferably are of such height that they exactly span the space between different rows of ties and spreaders 1l. The width of the slabs may equal the distance between adjacent rows of tie rods or may equal a multiple thereof. This relation of the width of the slabs to the spacing of the rows of tie rods makes easier the locating of the slabs and the fastening of them to the tie rods.

Preferably the insulating slabs are attached to the tie rods 1l by meansY of wires 14 passed through the insulating lslabs nearv the edges thereof and then firmly wound around the tie rods. The slabs may be additionally supported by means of anchors 15 embedded in the slabs of insulating material or otherwise attached thereto and having their ends wired to the reinforcing rods 12, these anchors being intermediate the tie rods 11. These anchors preferably are embedded in the slab of insulating material when the latter is molded and may be flexible so that they can be bent into Contact with the slabs until the slabs are put into actual use.

After the plates 10 and the slabs 13 have been assembled with the tie rods and reinforcing rods, the concrete is poured into the spaces between the plates and the slabs and allowed to set. After the concrete has set, the plates 10 are removed in the usual manner and the projecting ends of the tie rods 11 are broken off, these rods being weakened as at 11b for that purpose. The complete wall then comprises two outer sections of concrete between which is provided a core of insulating material, the core being firmly anrods.

chored to both concrete sections by the rods 15 and rods 11 which, together with the rods 12 comprise reinforcing means for the concrete sections.

The Wall structure disclosed in Figs. 5 to 7 consists of a brick section and a concrete section having interposed a core composed of superposed slabs of insulating material. In the construction of this wall, bricks 16 are laid one on the other in theusual manner and bound together by cement. At predetermined intervals tie rods 17 are incorporated into the structure by having one end of the tie rod embedded in the layer of cement between two bricks. The ends of the tie rods are either upturned as shown in Fig. 6 or crinkled as` shown in Fig. 7 so that they are securely anchored in the cement. Slabs 18 of insulating material are associated with themasonry unit as it is built. These slabs are provided with anchors 19 which are embedded in the slabs or otherwise firmly attached to the same and may be flexible so that they can be bent into contact withthe slabs until the slabs are put into actual use. One end of each anchor is embedded in the layer of cement between superposed bricks, this end being suitably deformed to securely hold it in position. The tie yrods 17 may either pass through apertures in the bodies of the slabs or through apertures formed by co-operating semicylindrical recesses in the contacting edges of the slabs. Theslabs may be firmly secured to the tie rods by means of wires 2O passing through the slabs and having their ends wound around the and the insulating core, a moulding plate 21 is assembled withrthe tie rods 17 in the usual manner and in spaced relation to the insulating core .and concrete is poured into the space thus formed.

If the concrete section is to be reinforced, suitable reinforcing rods 23 are assembled with the'tie rods and anchors before the plate 21 isset up, these reinforcing rods preferably being wired to After the concrete has set, the moulding plate 21 is removed and the ends of the tierods are brokenoif as previously described. The completed wall then comprises a masonry section and a concrete lsection between which is provided a core of insulating material.

terial, the core'being iirmly anchored to both sections by the rods 17 and 19 which, together with the rods 23 comprise reinforcing means for the concrete section.V

The structure disclosed in Figs. 8 to 10 inclusive consists of two brick sections 24 and 25 between which is arranged an insulating core 26 composed of superposed slabs of insulating ma- These slabs are provided with anchors 27 firmly attached thereto. These anchors preferably are embedded. in the slabs of insulating material when the same are being molded and the ends are deformed.V Both ends of each anchor extend into layers of cement between rows of brick and firmly anchor the insulating core to the wall sections. The insulating core is built up along with the masonry units.

In the modincanon disclosed in Figs. 11 'and 12,

the wall structure comprises two brick units 28 After completion of the masonry section and 29, and a core 30 of insulating material which is formed by pouring liquid insulating compound into the space between the masonry units and allowing the same to solidify. Anchors 31 have their ends embedded in layers of cement between rows of brick at differentlevels and the insulating material solidies around these anchors so that in the finished wall, the various parts are rmly anchored to each other.

Each of the structures above described iseifective to resist temperature changes and moisture penetration, thereby permitting the direct application of interior Viinish to the inner surface of such a wall when used as the exterior wall of a building. Plaster, wall-paper, paint, etc., can be directly applied to such surface, thus dispensing with the use of the interior insulation.

The term masonry is used in this specification to denne concrete structures as Well as structures composed of preformed units and is to be so understood whenever it appears in the specification and claims. The word brick is used as descriptive of any type of preformed unit. Although the concrete structures are shown as being provided with reinforcing rods, such rodsrmay be dispensed with where load for the wall does not require their use 01j where thewall is made sufliciently thick that the rods are not needed.

It is of course understood that anyY suitable type of tie rod may be used, there being a large number of satisfactory types of tie rods commercially known. Also, the slabs of insulating material may be installed either with their length running vertically or horizontally and that while wires have been used for securing the slabs of insulating material to the tierods, othery wires and means can be used for that purpose.

I claim:

1. A building wallrst'ructu're comprising a pair masonry sections, and wires passing through said 1 slabs adjacent said recesses, the ends of saidwires being wrapped around said tie rodsA tccbind the slabs together'and to said tie rods.

2. A building wall structurecomprisinga pair` of spaced parallel masonry sections, a continuous insulating core interposedbetween said masonry sections, said core comprising `superposcd solid plane surface insulating slabs having cooperating iso opposed recesses in contacting edges, .tie rods extending through the apertures formedby `said recesses and having their ends embedded in said masonry sections, wires passing throughsaid slabs adjacent said receses, the end of said wires being wrapped around said tie rods to bind the slabs together and to said tie rods, and anchors'havingl their central portions embedded in said slabsand having their end portions embedded in rsaid masonry sections.

WILLIAM KLinTz.l

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