US1932325A

US1932325A - Cast metal container and method for making the same

Info

Publication number: US1932325A
Application number: US685955A
Authority: US
Inventors: Sr John Schmeller
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1933-08-19
Filing date: 1933-08-19
Publication date: 1933-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 1950-10-24

Description

@cfrn 24, 193 J. SCHMELLER, SR

CAST METAL CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME Filed Aug. 19. 1935 3 SheetsSheet l v I I xw a-wro/e: 3 v 24 70 25 4 1 Jo/w flair/{1452 52 E62 g ECUUQ',

Get. 24, 11333 J. SCHMELLER, SR 1,932,325

CAST METAL CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME Filed Aug. 19, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 @CE'. 24% W33 J. SCHMELLER. SR 3,932,325

CAST METAL CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME Filed Aug. 19, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 /M/A-Wr02-' Jobw 5CHMEALE2 52.

Patented Got. 24, 1933 v I Y re STATES PATENT orFlcE CAST METAL CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME John Schmell'er, Sn, Lakewood, Ohio Application August 19, 1933. .Serial No. 685,955 12 Claims. (Cl. 220-437) This invention, as indicated, relates to a cast having substantially closed structures preventing metal container and method for making the adequate core support from without the'strucsame. It comprises an improvement over the ture, or involving risks of inequalities in wall subject matter set forth in an applicationheretothickness or accurate positioning of the structural fore filed on July 5, 1933, Serial No. 679,030, for elements of the article being cast, the proposed 60. a casting and method'oi and apparatus for makmethod provides a means for manufacturing such ing the same. The subject matter of said prearticles on a high speed production basis and vious application related to forming a casting ,With great economy in carrying out the operahaving a hollow central portion by forming a tions, as well as dependable results in producing core in a separable core box and applying the a satisfactory product. It is to be understood drag portion of the mold about the upper portion thatwhen the term aluminum is used in the of the core in place of the upper portion of the claims it is intended to include alloys thereof core box, and thereafter inverting the assembled as well as pure aluminum metal. sections and applying the cope portion of the mold The method outlined is adapted for use with in place of the lower portion of the core box. The various metals and combinations of metals and structure illustrated in said application comwith many types of containers, particularly those prised a barrel formed of aluminum or alloys made in several stages and having a portion of thereof or like metal, which barrel was provided the structure which must be permanently sewith an integral head at. one end and anindecured to the remaining portion of the structure, pendent head member adapted to be secured to and wherein the shrinkage of the external structhe structure in various ways, either permanently ture upon the internal structure may be utilized or removably. The applying'of a separate head to in securing a permanent and satisfactory union a structure of this type involves careful machinof the several parts. ing or welding operations whether the same is The invention, as indicated, contemplates the 1e temporarily or permanently secured to the strucproduction of a container formed substantially 0 ture inasmuch as a closure must be provided which as an integral structure with very restricted is able to withstand heavy pressures developed openings into the interior thereof and yet havby the contents of thecontainer. 1 ing wall thickness and internal structural ele- In order to provide a container which is espements substantially of predetermined size and 30 cially adapted to hold liquids and the like which quality. s5- develop pressures when subjected to temperature The invention also contemplates the producchange, and which does not involve difiicult metion of the container or like article in either chanical operations in producing the same, it a mold formed of metal or partially of metal and has been found that the entire container may be preferably of the type designated permanent or made as a substantially integral structure by first semi-permanent molds, or in a green sand mold independently forming one head member of the or mold formed partially of green sand and parcontainer, illustrated here as a beer barrel, with tially of baked sand elements. a m r i l p fi n' S ably Shaped to interlock The invention also contemplates the series of Wit t e mfi 0f the y P 0f the ba re steps embodied in the formation of the core 40 and thereafter casting about such head portion and th assel'nbling f th v same ith th 1 the body portion of t e ba e tOgethEI W the ments of a metal mold in whole or in part,- or other head member formed as an integral portion with the elements of. a sand molding structure, thereof. This procedure provided a container as we11 s the removal of the core from the which, While made in two stages, is substantially completed structure and the removal of the 45 a wholly integral structure having substantially excess metal from the completed structure. the full strength and other characteristics which The principal object of the present invention would be found in a container wherein all parts is to provide an improved method of casting thereof were cast at a single pouring of the metal containers and the like in a two-stage operation into the mold. In this case the word integral as integral or substantially integral structures is used to define a structure wherein the parts are with accurate conformity to the matter of strucunited by fusion within the mold and/ or ,shrinktural dimensions and strength and with economy" age within the mold of one part upon the other. of time and labor in carrying out such produc- Through the use of the method outlined, not tion.

only for the production of a barrel formed of Another object of the inventionv is to provide- 55 aluminum or like metal, but for like containers containers and the like formed 'of cast metal wherein a portion of the structure is associated with the remaining portion or" the structure in substantially integral permanent relation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a method of using a mold formed wholly of metal or partly of metal and partly of other material for producing a container or the like, wherein the core embodies a part of the structure of such container or like article.

A further object of the invention is to provide a method of utilizing a separable core box and separable mold members in a casting operation whereby green sand may be utilized in forming containers or like articles which are required to be of accurate dimensions and adequate strength without undue thickness of elements and variations from shapes or the articles being manufactured by other methods and yet adapted for high speed production on a quantity basis.

Another object of the invention is to provide. a core member for casting formed of green sand and having ombedded therein. as part of the core structure a portion of the finished container or like article and permitting such interposed portion of the core to become united with the remaining portion of the container in per manent union as an integral structure without in any way detracting from its service as a structural element of such container or the coniormity or" the container, particularly when in the form of a beer barrel, to conventional requirements and without detracting from its appearance.

Other and further objects of the invention will appear inv the course of the following description.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention, then, consists of the means and method hereinafter fully described and' particularly pointed out in the claims, the annexed drawings and the following description setting forth in detail certain means and methods embodying the invention, such disclosed means and methods constituting, however, but several of various forms in which the principle oi the invention maybe used.

In said annexed drawings: 1

Figure l is a top plan view of a permanent mold embodying the. principles of the invention, portions of the base plate being cut away;

Figure '2 is a central vertical sectional View of the structure shown in Figure 1, taken along the parting plane of the mold halves;

Figure 3 is a central vertical sectional view, on the parting plane, of the lower portion of the core box when in inverted position for forming the lower core portion;

Figure 4-. is a top plan view of the part shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a central vertical sectional View of the structure shown in Figure 3 when inverted to its final position for the completion of the remaining portion of the core;

Figure 6 is a top plan view of the structure i shown in Figure 5;

Figure 'l is a view similar to Figure 5, with the upper portion of the core box in place;

Figure 8 is a top plan View of the structure shown in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional View showing a modified form of baked sand core for one head portion of the mold;

Figure 10 is a central vertical sectional View, taken along the plane of the sprues, showing the core illustrated in Figures 2 and 7' in assembled relation with the cope and drag sections of a green sand flask;

Figure 11 is a side elevation of the article produced in the mold shown in Figure 2, with the attached sprues, runners and risers.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary plan View, partly in section, taken along theline 1212, shown in Figure 11, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figures 13 and 14 are sectional views, taken along the lines 13-13 and 1 l1 i,'respectively, shown in Figure 11, looking in the direction of arrows; and

Figure 15 is a fragmentary View of a corner portion of a structure similar to that shown in Figure 11, with a modified type of metal feeding passageways.

As is clearly shown in Figures 1 and 201" the ,6 extending upwardly and then forwardly and provided with an aperture 7 in said forward portion to receive a bearing pin 8 upon which the separable mold sections, presently to be described, are pivotally engaged. The lower end of the bearing pin 8 is engaged in a socket 9 formed in the base plate approximately centrally of the meeting line of the wide and narrow base plate portions. The bearing pin is secured against movement in the supporting aperture 7 by means of a pin 11 driven transversely through suitable alined apertures in said support and pin. The movable side members of the permanent mold are formed of suitable metal and are each provided at their rearward ends with pairs of hinges permitting them to be moved toward each other and suitably secured at their forward edges so as to form the casting cavity, and to be swung outwardly aboutsaid bearing pin 8 so as to free the casting after the pouring operation is completed.

For forming a cast aluminum beer barrel, as shown in the drawings, two movable mold sections are-provided on each side of the central vertical parting plane of the mold, the lower sections 12 being of less vertical height than the upper sections'13. The left hand lower section 12, if viewed from the side or" the mold opposite the bearing pin, is formed with apertured lugs 14, 15, pivot ally engaged upon the bearing pin 8, and its companion lower member 12 on the rig t hand side is formed with apertured lugs 16, 17, engaged upon said bearing pin and alternately spaced above the lugs 14, 15 of the companion member so as to permit such lower mold sections to be supported for sliding movement on the base plate 2 of the mold. The upper left hand movable section 13 of the mold is provided with apertured lugs 18, 19, engaged pivotally with the bearing pin, the lug 18 bearing upon the upper surface of the lug 16, and the lower portion of each of the movable mold sections 13 slidingly engaging the upper surface of the respective lower movable mold sections 12. movable mold section 13 is provided with apertured lugs 21, 22,pivota1ly engaged about the bearing pin 8, the lower lug 21 resting upon the upper surface of the lug 18. Any suitable fastening means, such as conventional clamping yokes The right hand upper masses and wedges (not shown), may be used to secure the front edges of the mold in tightly clamped relation.

The movable mold sections, when held in closed position, will present a casting cavity 230f the conventional shape of a beer barrel, the lower portion terminating at a point slightly above the upper surface of the base plate, the end and inner flange portions of said casting cavity being formed by a core print 24 and a sand core 25 in conjunction with the lower portion of the movable mold sections 12. The upper portion of the casting cavity is formed preferably by means of a baked sand core section 26 supported in a recess formed between the upper movable mold sections 13 and having upwardly and outwardly beveled sides 27 extending about the greater portion of the circumference of the mold halves. At the parting plane of the upper mold sections on each side, a riser cavity 28 is provided, said riser cavity being formed partially in the baked sand core and partially in the movable upper mold sections, and being wider adjacent its upper portion than adjacent its point of communication with the casting cavity. The meeting faces of the upper mold sections 13 are each provided with a sprue cavity 29 preferably bent first in a direction toward the cavity and then away therefrom and then again toward the cavity and away therefrom to a point of discharge into a feeder cavity 31 supplying metal to a circumferential runner cavity 32 and to the casting cavity through a series of thin gates 33 at intervals about the entire circumference of the casting cavity. An upwardly directed-feeder passageway 34 is provided to supply metal from the sprue 29 in an upward direction to the upper margin of the casting cavity adjacent the point of the merging of the riser cavity 28 with the cavity 35 for forming. the upper flange or, chime of the barrel. The casting cavity is defined between the

movable mold members

12 and 13 and the core 36, the detailed construction of which will be presently described. The upper end of the core terminates short of the baked sand core member 26 providing an upper section of the castingcavity 3'? within which the upper head portion of the barrel is formed." p,

In the construction shown in Figures 1 and 2 as well as in Figure 10, the other head member of the barrel is not formed simultaneously with the body portion of the barrel and the integral head portion, but is preformedand is united with the body portion of the barrel when the metal ispoured into the mold. It is to be understood, however, that in place of supplying one preformed head, two preformed heads may be utilized and a core may be utilized if desired, and .only the body portion of the barrel need be formed in the casting cavity in such case, the heads becoming united with the body portion upon the cooling of the casting and the sand corebeingshaken from the interior of the barrel, as will be hereinafter described.

In place of forming the baked sand core 26 with risers, as shown in Figure 2, the upper core por-. tion of the mold may be formed in the manner shown in Figure 9. An annular member 41 with beveled upper and lower portions meeting along the central circumferential line may be fornied of some suitable material such as aluminum or iron or steel, within which a portion of the baked sand core 42 is embedded, the lower portion of the baked sand core 43 having an outwardly flared portion to form the upstanding flanged area about the integral head of the barrel. The casting cavity outwardly of said upstanding flange portion is formed with an annular channel 44 which is fed by the feeder passageway 45 extending upwardly on each side of the mold at the parting plane from the sprue 46, which passageway and sprue are similar to the sprue 29 and passageway 34 heretofore described. The annular member 41 is suitably shaped to be received within a beveled recess in the upper movable mold sections and when so supported provides the transverse casting cavity 47 to form the integral head of the-barrel. The annular channel '44 produces an outwardly projecting rib upon thecompleted casting which may be removed in any suitable manner, such as by chipping, or grinding, or the like. Such annular channel 44 serves to supply the upstanding flange portion of the barrel with sufficient metal to prevent shrinkage defects at the top bead formed on the barrel flange, and to facilitate the casting operation.

In the permanent mold, the horizontal parting plane of the movable side members of the mold is below the center line of the mold in order to provide for the positioning of the bung hole on such center line free of the flns and other elements which would detract from the strength and appearance of the barrel at such point, if formed at the parting plane. The bung hole is formed by means of a baked sand plug 48 seated in a socket 49 formed by a core print at a point where the core is flattened slightly to produce a flattened wall area 59 on one side of the barrel.

The permanent mold just described is adapted to form the outer surface of the barrel, as well as the projecting end portions or chimes thereof beyond the respective heads, and in the preferred form of construction to form the outer surface of one head member. The other head member in the preferred form of construction is preformed and is embodied in the core which will now be described. f

The core is formed in the core box, as shown in Figure "I, having a lower section formed of two

halves

51, 52, and a single upper section 53. The core boxmay be formed of wood or metal, but as shown is formed of aluminum. The lower sections 51 are provided with lateral extensions 54 adjacent their upper portions providing vertical.

flanges for clamping the sections together and horizontal flanges providing a socket for an alining pin 55 for'bringing theupper and lower sections into registry, as will be hereinafter explained. At the base of each of the lower halves provided with upward extension 57 for clamping said halves together.

The, single upper section of the core box 53 is formed at its lower portion, with an annular extension 58 adapted to rest upon t -e horizontal flange. of the two-part lower section when assembled, said extension being provided with apertures at the parting plane to receive the alini'ng pins 55 heretofore referred to. The upper edge portion 59 of the upper section 53 of the core box terminates slightly below the top of the core cavity and is formed with a cylindrical outer face 61, serving as a guide for the annular sweep support 62 adjustably supporting the inwardly directed sweeps 63 by means of bracket arms 64. The annular sweep support 62 is formed with a flat bearing face 65 at its under side which rests against rollers 66 rotatably mounted upon horizontal pins 67 secured to the enlarged upper edge portion of the upper section 59. Four

such rollers

51, 52 an extension base plate 56 is provided, said plate at the parting plane of the halves being i are shown andthe annular sweep support accordingly is formly supported upon the upper portion of the flask so as to shape the upper portion of the core uniformly as each core is completed.

The interior of the core box provides a cavity of the general configuration of a beer barrel throughout the main body portion thereof, but may be provided with

annular enlargements

68, 69 at intermediate points of each half so as to form slight depressions around the core which will provide for beveled ribs on the interior of the finished casting at points intermediate of each half section thereof.

In addition to the main body portion of the core, the core box is adapted to receive the preformed head member 70 which, it will be noted, is formed with an extension marginal edge 71 adapted to project into the casting cavity, such edge preferably being formed with a depression on each side spaced slightly from the edge so'as to leave the extreme edge portion in the form of a pear shaped bead. The lower core sections are formed with an enlargement 72 on the inner face having an annular notch 73 to receive the extensions ofthe preformed head member of the barrel. The lower portion of the core box is shaped to provide for a recess 74; to form the bead on the projecting flange portion or chime of the barrel and beneath such portion has an opening with beveled sides 75 to receive the print ring 76 formed as a flange upon a core frame 77 in the shape of a spoked wheel. An upstanding boss 78 is formed centrally of the frame, said boss being centrally apertured in alinement with an opening 79 in the precast head member. The opening 79 is preferably a beveled opening formed as part of a filling fixture terminal 81 which is embodied centrally as a portion of the precast head. Such filling fixture terminal is of conventional form and forms no part of the present invention.

The upstanding boss 78 centrally of the core frame 77 is provided with an enlarged'aperture 82 adjacent its outer portion and with a screw threaded section 83 of smaller diameter at its free end to receive the screw threaded end 84 of an arbor 85 which is inserted centrally of the core box, as will be hereinafter explained. The arbor intermediate the screw-threaded portion and the mainbody portion is formed with a shank 85 extending'through the central opening 79 of the filling terminal 81 in the precast head. The core frame 77 is provided with a plurality of standards 87 at points spaced from the central upstanding boss 78 and of a height adapted to-engage with their free ends the outer surface of the precast head which, as has been indicated, rests centrally against the free end of the upstanding boss. The-arbor is suitably tapered to provide for its easy Withdrawal from the core and its upper end is formed with a tapered portion against the lower area of which the inner ends of the sweeps 63 engage. A cross bar 88 is engaged through a transverse aperture 89 in the upper end of the arbor to provide a means for lifting the core and placing the same in either the permanent mold or the green sand mold, as maybe required.

The core is formed in several stages, the first step, as shown in Figures 3 and l, requiring the assembling of the

lower sections

51, 52, of the core box in inverted position, with precast head plate 70 engaged in the annular notch 73 and with the core frame 77 bearing against said plate immediately above the same. Green sand is then rammed into place through the spokes of the frame support to form the lower portion 91 ofthe core, the excess sand being struck off above the top of the core box and core frame support. The core box is then inverted to the position shown in Figure 5, the arbor being inserted through the alined apertures through the precast head plate and in the upstanding boss 78 of the core frame support and screwed into firm engagement with the screw threaded socket 83. The arbor is held in a central position by means of the guide bar 92 which is provided with a central notch 93 to engage the arbor and is held at its ends by the alining pins 55. The

lower portion of the core box is then ready for the ramming of the lower section 94 of the core and when the core box is filled, the guide bar 92 is removed and theupper section of the core box is fitted into place on the lower core box sec tions, the alining pins 55 bringing the same'into proper alinement therewith. The assembled core box clamped in conventional manner is then ready for filling to the top which is accomplished by ramming the upper portion 95 of the core with green sand and thereupon placing the support for the sweeps about the upper edge and rotating the same to suitably form the top surface of the core. The core box is then removed from the core and the core is lifted bodily by means of the arbor and engaged in the recess in the base plate of the permanent mold, when it is desired to use that type of mold to form the casting, or, is engaged in a like recess formedin the drag of a green sand mold to receive the print at the base of the core, as will presently be described.

With the mold assembled, as shown in Figure 2 of the drawings, with movable sides of the permanent mold tightly clamped to each other in conventional manner, the apparatus is ready for the casting operation which is carried on preferably by pouring the metal through each of the sprues 29. The metal will flow down the sinuous passageways of said sprues with some retardation of the rate of flow and will enter the circumferential runner about the structure and fiow through the gates into the casting cavity and will at first flow downwardly about the margins of the precast head enveloping such marginal edges and to a certain extent fusing therewith and shrinking thereupon to form an integral structure. As the metal in the casting cavity rises, it will form the main body portion of the barrel and as it reaches the upper portion of the barrel will form the projecting upper.

flange thereof, such flange being adequately supplied by metal through the upwardly directed feeder passageways communicating with the respective sprues and from the risers communi' eating with the upper margins of the projecting flange adjacent the opposite sides of the parting plane of the mold. When the casting has sufiiciently cooled, the mold is thrown open and the excess metal is broken from or otherwise removed from the surface of the casting. The casting, before such metal is removed, will exhibit the structural features shown in Figure 11, wherein the main body portion of the barrel 101 is surrounded at a point slightly. below its center line by a circumferential runner 102 connected at intervals by narrow gate webs 103 with the outer surface of the casting. The sprue metal 104 will be in sinuous form and the risers 105 will be connected with the sprues by the feeder metal 106 formed by the upwardly directed passageways. After the excess metal is removed from the outer portion of the casting, the core frame and its adherent sand is removed and the baked sand coreis removed. from the end of the casting and the. main body of the core is then removed through the lateral bung hole by shaking, washing, or by means of an air blast,.as may be found most convenient. 1

The finished structure provides a barrel having light weight and fine grained texture on its inner and outer surfaces. surface of the barrel may be coated with pitch or any of the usual lining materials utilized for containers for malt beverages and the like. It also hasthe advantage of holding the contents at the required temperature with a lesser amount of refrigerating agent, and lends itself readily to cleansing and pasteurizing operations. It further has the advantage of maintaining the quality of the contents notwithstanding wide variations in temperature above and below those.

found injurious to the contents of such liquids in other containers. In place of providing risers at the upper margin of the casting cavity of the permanent'mold, the casting cavity may be modified as has'been explained in connection with the description of Figure 9, to form a casting ofthe type shown in Figure 15, wherein a circumferential runner 111 is formed about the outer margin of the upwardly projecting flange and supplies adequate metal to such part through the upwardly directed feeder passageways 45 communicating with the sprues 113. The remaining portion of the barrel 114 will be substantially like that shown in Figure 11. When it is desired to produce a barrel in a green sand mold, the construction shown in Figure 10 is used, the "drag portion 121 of the mold being formed with a recess 122 at the base of the casting cavity therein to receive the print of the core, which core is built up as has heretofore been described. The cope section of the mold 123 is filled when in inverted position in the usual manner and is provided with a recess 124 with beveled margins to receive the baked sand core 125 for forming the outer surface of the integral head portion of the barrel, as well as the projecting flange portions of the barrel, such baked sand core being secured by means of suitable supports shown as wires 126 extending through the cope section of the mold and secured in conventional manner by means of cross wires 127 or the like to maintain such baked sand core in suitable position at the top of the casting cavity of the cope. The sprue passageways utilized in the sand mold are shown in the form 1 of straight passageways 128 extending from the top of the cope downwardly to the parting plane of the cope and drag sections of the mold which are preferably located at the central horizontal plane of the casting cavity. The sprue passageways are downwardly tapered and the lower portion of the cope is formed with a circumferential runner passageway 129 communicating with a thin gate 131 which may be continuous about the casting cavity or similar to the gate shown in wherein it is interrupted at intervals about the circumference of the casting cavity, the intervals 100 between the gates being somewhat greater opposite the lower ends of the sprue passageways in order to.

divert the metal laterally preliminary to its entering the casting cavity.

The sand core when finished as shown in Figure 7, having the plug in position for forming the bung hole and shaped to provide a somewhat thickened area about the bung hole as If desired, the inner,

the sides adjacent the end heretofore described, after the removal of the core box is seated within the drag section 121 of thegreen sand mold. The arbor 85 of the core is then unscrewed and withdrawn and the central opening left. in. said core is filled with sand to thetop ofathemain body portion of the core. The cope section 123 of the green sand mold is then placed in position, the assembled structure'then appearing as shown in Figure 10 of the drawings. The metal is poured preferably simultaneously down each of the sprues 128 and the margins of the precast head '79 are partially fused and integrally united with the metal introduced intothe casting cavity. As the metal rises in the mold cavity it forms the, structure substantially identical with the cavity shown in Figure 10 of the drawings.

After the metal has cooled sufliciently, the cope section isremoved and thereafter the cast barrel is disengaged from the drag section and the excess metal is broken away from the exterior'of the casting and the core sections at the ends of the, barrel are removed therefrom and the sand core within the interior of the barrel is removed by shaking, washing, or by means of an air blast or other convenient methods, through the bung 'hole at the side of the bar rel and; the opening at the end thereof.

The article finished in the green sand mold will exhibit substantially all the characteristics of the article heretofore described as constructed in the permanentmold, but may have slightly less fine grain about the surface thereof, and does not lend itself to as rapid rate of production as in the metal mold. The thin gate provided in the green sand mold serves to prevent more highly oxidized and less freely flowing metal from entering the casting cavity and thus insures a high quality of metal within thecasting cavity which will accurately conform to the shape of such cavity and form a casting free of irregularities and defects which might otherwise enter the article through the metal feeding passage- Ways.

I Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of those explained, change being made. as regards the means and steps herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. A cast metal pressure-tight container of substantially barrel shape having a head member closing one end formed integrally with the sides thereof, and having a separate preformed head 2. A cast metal pressure-tight container of substantially barrel shape having a head member closing one end formed integrally with the sides thereof, and having a separate preformedhead member integrally embedded at its margins in opposite said integrally formed head member, said separate head member having integrally united therewith a fitting providing a clamping member for a filling tube and a filling aperture concentric therewith. 3. A cast metal pressure-tight container of substantially barrel shape having a side wall and integrally united head members, and having at least one preformed metal head member integrally embedded at its margins in the sides adjacent the end of the barrel.

4. A cast metal pressure-tight container of substantially barrel shape having a head member closing one end formed integrally with the sides thereof, and having a separate preformed head member integrally embedded at its margins in the sides adjacent the end opposite said integrally formed head member, said head members each being formed with convex outer faces.

5. A cast metal pressure-tight container of substantially barrel shape having a head member closing one end formed integrally with the sides thereof, and having a separate preformed head member integrally embedded at its margins in the sides adjacent the end opposite said integrally formed head member, said head members each being formed with convex outer faces and with concave inner faces and with the preformed head member having a fitting for filling purposes integrally united therewith.

6. A substantially closed pressure-tight'container formed of cast metal having a portion of the exterior wall thereof formed of a preformed member with the margins of said portion embedded in and united with the walls of the remaining portion of said container to form a substantially integral pressure-tight structure throughout.

7. A pressure-tight container whose walls comprise a closed pressure-tight metal structure formed of a cast metal container body united with a preformed head as a substantially unitary integral structure.

. 8. A pressure-tight container whose walls comprise a closed pressure-tight metal structure formed of a castmetal container body united with a preformed head having a fitting for filling purposes, as a substantially unitary integral structure.

9. A pressure-tight container whose walls comprise a closed pressure-tight metal structure having chimes with a beaded margin at opposite ends, formed of a cast metal container body united with a preformed head as a substantially unitary integral structure.

10. A pressure-tight container whose walls comprise a closed pressure-tight aluminum structure formedof a cast metal container body united with a preformed head as a substantially unitary integral structure.

11. A pressure-tight container whose walls comprise a closed pressure-tight aluminum structure formed of a cast metal container body united with a preformed aluminum head as a substantially unitary integral structure.

12. The method which comprises forming a closure head, forming a pressure-tight metal container enclosing wall means by casting and uniting the metalthereof as a substantially unitary integral structure about the margins of the aforesaid head.

JOHN SCHMELLER, SR.