US1894613A - Locomotive boiler - Google Patents

Description

hc. A. sneer-:L 1,894,613

Filed May 16, 1931 Iilf y INV NTO y /I/f ATTORNEY 4 sheets-sheet 2 xNvENToR W/ 'HJ ATTORNEY Jan. 17, 1933. C, A, slEGEL 1,894,613

LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed May 16, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 la INVENTOR I /nlf ATTORNEY .C. SIEGEL LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed May 16, 1931 Jan. 17,` 1933,

4 sheets-sheet 4 o uw@ INVENTOR la ATTORNEY ABY Patented Jan. 17, 1933 PATENT .o1-FICE CHESTER A. SIEGEL, F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY LOCOMOTIV E BOILER Application med May 16, 1931. serial No. 537,771.

My invention relates to boilers and has particular reference to the fire boxes thereof. More specifically it relates to' the lire. boxes of boilers of the locomotive type.

In boilers of this type diiiiculty is encountered in obtaining the desired degree of water circulation along the water spaces of the fire box adjacent to the side sheet-s thereof and numerous types of Water circulating members have heretofore been proposed for increasingy the rate of circulation through and around the fire box.

It has also been obtain the most eliicient combustion in boilers of the locomotive type, particularly when such boilers are operated at high firing rates, some form of arch is required in the iire box in order to provide the necessary length of gas pass for the combustion gases before they enter the boiler iiues.

The present invention yprovides an improved structure for increasing the rate of Water circulation along the side sheets of the boiler and provides at the same time an improved means for supporting a refractory arch in the fire box.

The more specific nature of the invent-ion together with the detailed objects thereof and o the advantages to be derived from its use will be pointed out more in detail in the following description of suitable constructional examples for carrying the invention into effeet, which description is to be considered in conjunction with the drawings forming a part vof this specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal central section through the fire box portion of a locomotive embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the circulating elements shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail on an enlarged scale illustrating a constructional feature of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a section similar to Fig. 1, illustrating another form of boiler embodying the invention;`

found that in order to Fig. 6 is a section taken onthe line 6-6 of Fig. 5; and,

Fig. 7 is an elevation illustrating a modified form of arch supporting structure.

Turning now to Fig. 1, the locomotive boiler indicated generally at 10 comprises a t fire box 11 having the usual crown sheet 12.

side sheets 13 and rear sheet 14 provided with the usual firing door opening 15. The fire box extends forwardly to form a combustion. chamber 16, the front end of which is defined by the boiler flue sheet 17, to which the rear ends of the boiler flues 18 are secured. At the forward end of the fire box there is the usual throat sheet 19. The outer sheets 20, 21 and 22 which, with the side, rear and throat sheets provide the water spaces around the fire box, are stayed to the inner sheets by means of the usual stay-bolts 23. The crown sheet 12 is stayed to the wrapper sheet 24 in 70 the usual manner by means of stay-bolts 25.

A plurality of Water steaming and circulating members 26 are disposed transversely of the fire box at longitudinally spaced intervals. These members may be said to be 0f 75 general T sh. e in elevation and when in position in the re box the T is inverted. The stem of the T which, when the member is in place, forms the upper portion 26a thereof, is advantageously fiat 'and presents an elongat- 80 ed opening 27 adapted to communicate with the .water space above the crown sheet 12 through a suitable opening 28 provided in the crown sheet.- The portion 26a of the member 26 is stayed and the stays for this 85 portion may advantageously be in the form of a plurality of thimbles 29. The lower p0rtion of the member, forming the hollow arms 265 of the T, is bulged and the arms terminate in tubular shaped ends 26e which are 90 adapted to provide communication with the water spaces adjacent to the side sheets 13.

The width of themembers 26 may be conveniently considered as the dimension thereof transverse of the lirey box, the thickness as the dimension longitudinally of the fire box A and the height as the dimension vertically of the fire box. v

The arms -266 are preferably bent as shown so that the arms, together with the central 1,00

lower portions of the members, form archlike structures adapted to support a considerable weight when the ends 26o are secured to the side sheets of the fire box.

Each member 26 is advantageously made of a single piece of ordinary fire box steel plate bent around a mandrel shaped to conform to the contour of the lower portion of the member, the walls forming the upper portion of the member being bent around a suitable die. The seams formed by the confronting edges of the shaped sheets are welded as indicated at 30.

The edges of the openings 27 are welded to the edges of the openings 28 in the crown sheet in any suitable desired manner. For

urposes of illustration I have shown a butt weld 31 at this point. If desired, reinforcing or lap welds may be employed and the spacing and arranging of the staybolts 25 may be made in any manner suitable to take care of the stresses imposed on this portion of the structure.

In order to compensate for expansion transversely of the members, the ends 260 of the arms may be welded to relatively iiexf ible annular diaphragm plates 32 (see Fig. 4). Suitable openings 33 are cut into the side sheets 13 and'one or both of the diaphragm plates 32 for each member are slipped over the ends 260 of the member before it is placed in position. From Fig. 2 it will be evident that this procedure will permit ready insertion of a member into the lire box and the placing of it in a position where the weld 3l can e made. When the member is in position the iaphragms may then be moved outwardly to their proper positions as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 4 and welded to the side sheets, as at 34, and to the ends 260 as at 35. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the form and character of the diaphragm plates may be varied considerably and it will also be evident that the separate diaphragm plate construction may be employed if desired in conjunction with only one of the ends of each member.

The outer sheets 20 are preferably reinforced by plates 36 opposite the ends of the circulating members and plugs 37 are provided for giving access to the arms of the circulating members for purposes of cleaning.

As will be seen from Fig. 2, the upper portions 26a of the several circulating members are materially narrower than the width of the fire box so that passages 38 for combustion gases are provided to each side of these members above the lower portions of the members. Additional area for the passage of combustion gases is provided when hollow thimbles 29 are employed to stay the upper portions of members 26. It will be evident that the width of the portions 26a and the number and size of thimbles, if employed, may be varied as desired in order to give the required area for flow of combustion gases and the steaming area in the members 26 which may be required for a given boiler design. In this connection it is to be `noted that because of the transverse positioning of the portions 26a of members 26, the steaming area of these elements may be materially increased through the use of thimbles 29 for staying these portions of the members.

The bulging lower portions of members 26 provide supporting surfaces for a plurality of refractory arch-forming brick or tile 39, which are preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, relatively narrow and thick. At the rearward end of the combustion chamber 6 a refractory brick wall 40 is provided, the upper surface of this wall forming the forward support for the arch brick 39a situated between the wall and the forward circulating member 26.

The manner in which the circulating members 26 function is largely obvious from the drawings. These members draw water from the spares adjacent to the side sheets subst-antially along the entire length of these spaces and deliver a steam and water mixture to the water space above the crown sheet. By the arrangement which I have provided, circulation along the side sheets of the fire box is materially stimulated, and the steaming qualities of the boiler are thus materially im. proved because of the fact that these sheets, which are exposed to the radiant heat of the lire, are most eiiicient heating surfaces. At the same time the construction is such as to permit the use of the desired refractory arch in the fire box. thus eliminating the possibility of unduly chilling the firebecause of the presence of an excessive amount of -watercooled or black surface such as is present when water arches are employed.

The fire box illustrated in l is relativeshallow and it will be evident from the drawings that the presentinvention is particularly adapted for use in shallow lire boxes since it may be employed without interfering with the necessary firing clearance. It will also be evident that the invention provides an arrangement eliminating the relatively complicated throat sheet construction required by the forms of water circulating elements which join the throat sheet.

Turning now to Fig. 5, the fire box construction is in general similar to that illustrated in Fig. 4 except that the fire box is somewhat deeper than that illustrated in Fig. l and is not provided with a combustion chamber. In this form the throat sheet 19 is formed as an extension of or joins the flue sheet 17.

The members 26 in this form of construction are constructed and arranged in the same. general manner as those previously described. They have been shown with relatively narrow upper portions 26a, these porlCS llO

25 42 is replaced by a 30 vantageously lower bulging portions of the members lie approximately and rearwardly from the throat sheet toa point in the rear sheet above the level of the fire door opening 15. Arch brick 39 are supported by the lower bulging portions of the members to provide an inclined arch rather than a horizontal Fig. 1.

A transverse hollow member 42 is welded arch of the type shown in into the throat sheet 19 below the level of the flues 1-8 to form a water-cooled ledge extending across the forward end ofthe fire box to provide a support for the lower ends of the arch brick 39a. A row of cleaneout plugs 43 is provided in sheet 22 opposite this ledge.

In Fig. 7 a modified arrangement for providing support at the throat sheet for the forward arch brick is illustrated, In this form of construction the ledge formed by member plurality of rearwardly extending short spur tubes or closed nipples 44. If this form of construction is employed the arch brick 396 supported by the tubes 44 and the forward circulating member may adbe wider than the brick 39a, the width of the bricks being chosen with regard to the transverse spacing of the tubes 44 so that each individual brick will be centrally supported by one of the tubes. Y

From the foregoing description, it will be a evident that the several modifications herein disclosed function in substantially the same way and it will further be evident that many changes and modifications in the apparatus 4o may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It will also be evident that certain features of the invention may be employed to the exclusion of others. What I claim is 1. In combination with a locomotive boiler having a crown sheet and sheets defining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a water steaming and circulating member positioned transversely of the fire box and having .materially less extent longitudinally of the fire boxthan the transverse width thereof, said member comprising a lower portion having ends opening into said side water legs and the upper portion of said 55 member connecting the lower portion with the space above the crown sheet, there being space for fiow of gas past said member above said lower portion.

2. In combination with a locomotive boiler having a crown sheet and sheets defining side water legs extending` below the level ofthe crown sheet, a water steaming and circulating, member postioned transversely of the fire box and having materially less extent longitudinally of the fire box than the transverse 1n a lineextending upwardly width thereof, said member comprising a lower portion having hollow arms communieating with said side water legs and pr0vi dl,

sheet, there being space for fiow of gas past y said member above said'lower portion.

3. In combination with a locomotive boiler having a crown sheet and sheets defining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a water steaming and circulating member positioned transversely of the fire box and having materially less extent longitudinally of the fire box than the transverse width thereof, said a bulging lower portfon having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, said bulging portion being adapted to support rc fractory arch-forming brick, the upper portion of said member connecting the lower portion with the space above the crown sheet and there being space for ow of gas past said member above said lower portion.

4. In comb.' nation with a locomotive boiler having `a. crown sheet and sheets defining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet,'a water steaming and circulating member positioned transversely' of the fire box and having. materially less extent longitudinally of the fire box than the transverse width thereof, said member comprising a bulging lower portion having hollowarms communicatfng with said side water legs,

said bulging portion being adapted to supportrefractory arch-forming brick and said arms providing restricted communication with said side water legs, the upper porton of said member connecting the lower portion with the space above the crown sheet and there being space for flow of gas pastl said member above said lower portion.

5. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheet and sheets definng side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a water steaming and circulating member comprising a fiat stayed upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet transversely thereof and a lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, said upper portion being of substantially less width than the width of the fire box and arranged to provide passages for combustion gases to either side of said member above the bottom portion thereof.

6. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheeti'and sheets definfng side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet. a water steaming and circulating member comprising a .flat stayed upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet transversely 'thereof and a bulging lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, said lower portion being adapted to support arch-forming refractory brick and said upper portion being of substantially less width than the width of the fire box and arranged to provide passages for combustion gases to either side of said member above the arch formed by said brick.

7. In combination with a lomotive fire box having a crown sheet and sheets defining sid-e water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a water steaming and circulating member comprising a fiat upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet transversely thereof and a lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, said upper portion having a plurality of thimbles passing therethrough, said thimbles providing stays for `said fiat upper portion and forming lues therethrough for the passage o combustion gases and said upper portion having less transverse extent `than the width of the fire box to provide additional space for flow of combustion gas between said portion and the sides'of the fire box above said lower portion.

8. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheet and sheets defining s'de water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a water steaming and circulating member of generally inverted T shape in elevation, said member being positioncd transversely of the fire box and comprising an upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet and a lower portion havng hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, said arms being bent downwardly toward the side sheets so as to provide an arch-like structure for supporting said member from the side sheets.

9. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a croi n sheet and sheets defining side waterlegs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a plurality of transversely positioned longitudinally spaced water steaming and circulating members, each of said members comprising an upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet and a bulging lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, and a (plurality of refractory brick supporte between the bulging lower portions of said members to form a refractory arch in the fire box, said upper portions having less transverse extent than the width of the tire box to provide space for flow of combustion gas past sai members above the lower portions thereof.

l0. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheet and sheets defining side water legs extending'below the level of the crown sheet, a plurality-of transversely positioned longitudinally spaced water steaming and lcirculating members, each of said members comprising an upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet legs and a bulging lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, the lower portion of one of said members in the forward part ofthe fire box being lower than the corresponding portion of another of said members positioned in the fire box to the rear of the first mentioned member, and a plurality of refractory brick supported between the lower portions of said members, said upper portions-having less transverse extent than the width of the fire box to provide space for ow of combustion gas past said members above the lower portions thereof.

11. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheet and sheets defining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a plurality of transversely positioned longitudinally spaced water steaming and circulating members, each of said members comprising an upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet and a bulging lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, the lower portions of said members being disposed approximately inthe line of a transverseplane inclined upwardly and rearwardly through the fire box, and a plurality of refractory brick supported on said lower portions to provide an upwardly and rearwardly inclined refractory arch in the fire box, said upper portions having less transverse extent than the width of the fire box to provide space for flow of combustion gas past said members above the lower portions thereof.

l2. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheet, -sheets defining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a throat sheet, and a rear sheet having a fire door opening therein, a plurality of transversely positioned longitudinally spaced water steaming and circulating members, each of said members comprising'an upper portion opening into the space above thecrown sheet and a bulging lower portion having hollow arms communieating with said side water legs, the lower portions of said members being disposed approximately in a line lying in a transverse plane -inclined rearwardly and upwardly from the throat sheet to the rear sheet above the level of the fire door opening, and a plurality of refractory brick supported by said lower portions for providmg an ind clined refractory arch in the fire box, said upper portions having less transverse extent than' the width of the fire box to provide space for flow of combustion gas past said members above the lower portions thereof.

13.A In a locomotive boiler, a fire box having a. crown sheet' and sheets defining side water extending below the level of the crown sheet, a combustion chamber extending forwardly from the firebox and va' plurality of transversely positioned longitudinally spaced i watersteaming and circulating members, each of said members comprising an upper portion vspace for flow openin into the space above the crown sheet and a bulging lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs, said lower portions being in substantial- 'ly horizontal alignment, and 'a plurality of refractory brick supported by said lower portions to provide a substantially horizontal refractory arch in the ire box, said upper portions having less transverse extent than the width of the i'ire box to provide space for flow of combustion gas past said members above the lower portions thereof.

14. In a locomotive boiler, a fire box having a crown sheet and sheets defining side waterlegs extending below the level -of the crown sheet. a combustion chamber extending forwardly from the iire`box and a plurality of transversely positioned longitudinally spa/ced water steaming and circulating members, each of said members comprising an upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet and a bulging lower portion having hollow arms communicating with said side water legs,` said lower portions being in substantially horizontal alignment, a plurality of refractory brick supported by said lower portions to provide a substantially horizontal refractory arch in the fire box, a transverse vertical refractory brick wall at the rear of the combustion chamber, said upper portion having less transverse extent than the width of the fire. box to provide of combustion gas past the lower portion of the member and a row of refractory brick supported at, one end on said vertical wall and at the other end on the forward one of said members.

15. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheet, sheets defining side waterlegs extending below the level of the. crown sheet and a. throat sheet, a transversely positioned water steaming and circulating member comprising an upper portion opening into the space above the crown sheet and a bulging lower portion having ends opening into said side water legs, said member being positioned in the forward portion of the fire box, the upper portion of said member having less transverse extent than the width of the iire box to provide space for flow of combustion gas past the memberabove the lower portion thereof, a hollow element projecting rearwardly of the throat sheet below `the level of the boiler iiues to provide a water cooled ledge, and a. plurality of refractory brick supported on said ledge and the lower portion of said member.

16. In combination with a locomotive fire box having a crown sheet, sheets defining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet and a throat sheet, a transversely positioned water steaming and circulating member comprising an upper portion openlng into the space above the crown sheet and a bulgingk lower portion having ends opening mto said side water legs, said member being positioned in the forward portion of the fire box, the upper portion of said member having less transverse extent than the width of the fire box to provide space for ow of combustion gas past the member above the lower portion thereof, a plurality of spur tubes pro'- jecting rearwardly from said throat sheet, said spur tubes being spaced in a transverse row across the fire box, and a plurality of refractory brick supported on the lower p0rtion of said member and on said spur tubes. 17. An integral sheet metal water steaming and circulating member for boiler tire boxes, said member being of general T shape in elevation, the stem of the T comprising a flat-stayed portion adapted to extend transversely of the fire box and providing an elongated opening adapted to communicate with the water space transversely thereof above the crown sheetof the fire box and the arms of the T comprising hollow end portions adapted to communicate with the water spaces adjacent the side sheets of the lire box.

An integral sheet metal water steaming and circulating member for boiler fire boxes, said member being of general T shape in elevation, the stem of the T comprising a flat portion adapted to extend transversely ofthe fire box and having a plurality of thimbles extending therethrough serving to stay said flat portion and to provide passages for How of combustion gas through said member, the arms of the T comprising a bulging portion of generally tubular form, the ends of said arms being adapted to communicate with the water spaces adjacent the side sheets of the fire box.

19. An integral sheet metal water steaming and circulating member for boiler fire boxes, said member being of general T shape in elevation, the stem of the T comprising a flat portion providing anelongated opening Aadapted to communicate with the water space above the crown sheet of the fire box and the arms of the T comprising a bulging portion having hollow ends adapted to communicate with the spaces adjacent to the side sheets of the lire box, said arms being in the same plane as the major axis of said elongated opening.

20. An integral sheet metal water steaming and circulating member for boiler fire boxes, vsaid member being of genera-l T shape in elevation, the lstem of the T comprising a flat portion providing an elongated opening adapted to communicate with the water space above the crownsheet of the fire box and the arms of the T comprising a bulging portion having hollow ends adapted to communicate with the spaces adjacent to the side sheets of the fire box, said arms being in the same plane as the major axis of said elongated opening, and said arms being bent to provide an arch-like supporting structure when said member is placed in position in ahre box.

2l. An integral hollow sheet metal water steaming and circulating member for boiler fire boxes, said member having materially. less thickness than width and comprising a lower portion providing arms adapted to extend transversely of a tire box and to communicate with the water spaces at the sides of the iire box and an upper portion projecting laterally lof said lower portion an( adapted to provide communication between said lower'portion and the water space above the rebox, said upper portion being vof substantially less width than that of the lower portion to provide spaces for iiow of combustion gases past the saidn upper portion when said member is in position in a irebox.

22. An integral hollow sheet metal water steaming and circulating member for boiler iire boxes, said member having materially less thickness than width and comprising a lower portion providing arms adapted to extend transversely of a fire box and to communicate with the water spaces at the sides of the fire box and an upper portion projecting laterally o saidlower portion and adapted to provide signature;

-ing portions extending upwardly rom'the brick supporting portions to provide Icommunication between the brick supporting portions and the space above the crown sheet and the upwardly extending portions having lessY width 'than that of the lire box to provide'a plurality of passages for flow of combust1on gases longitudinally of the Yupper porl tion of the tire box.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aix my CHESTER A. siEGEL.

communication between said lower portion i and the Ywater space abovethe irebox, said lower'portion being of generally tubular form and having bulging wall portions adaptedA to support brick for forming a refractory arch and saidupper portion being of substantially less width than that of the lower portion to provide spaces for flow of comustion gases ast thesaid upper portion when said mem er is in position in a fire box.

23. In aV boiler, a fire box having acrown sheet and sheets defining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet, a plurality of longitudinally spaced water steaming and circulating members extending transverselyY of the iire box, said members comprising lower portions bridging the fire box below the level of theY crown sheet and communicating with'said side water legs and uper portions placing said lower portions in communication with the space above the crown sheet, said upper portions having less widthY than the width of the fire box to provide passages for iow of combustion gases past said members above said lower portions and brick supported by said membersbetween the lower portions thereof for forming a refractory arch.

24. Arch construction for boiler fire boxes having a crown sheet and sheets deiining side water legs extending below the level of the crown sheet comprising a plurality of longitudinally spaced hollow members having por# tions extending transversely o' the lire box and in communication with said side water

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