US1129534A - Steam-boiler furnace. - Google Patents

Description

J. WOLFE.

STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2. 1913.

1,129,534. Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET1v "ullllllllnlllu J. WOLFF.

STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.2.191S,

1,129,534. Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

3 SHEETS-"'SHEET 2 27755555.- Jrz .UEZZZJZ- J. WOLFF.

STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1013 1,129,534. Patented Feb. 28, 1915' 3 SHEETS SHEET 3 FIG. 3.

2722555 EE: Jm/e 222271:

, yflmjgzf JOHN WOLFE, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BAB'COCK & WILCOX COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

STEAM-BOILER FURNACE.

Application filed January 2, 1913.

or drums, and are successively subjected to heat from a furnace, the products of combustion being directed along the watertubes, by baflles; more particularly, the 1 nvention relates to the arrangement or disposition of the baffles, and to certain other details which are involved in the construction of the furnace.

Heretofore, in devices of this character with which I am familiar, the products of combustion are produced in a combustion chamber which is made up by the side walls andathe front Wall of the boiler and an arch supported by the side walls and extend ng from the front wall of the boiler to a point near the front series or bank of tubes. The products of combustion are forced or defiected by means of the arch into the first series or bank of tubes and become chilled below the point of ignition, entailing waste of fuel and causing smoke. The gases or products of combustion are also allowed to enter or fill the spaces or voids between the series or banks of tubes resulting in'loss of heat and causing a retardation or loss in velocity of said gases or products of combustion throughout the boiler.

The objects of my invention are to provide a steam boiler of this character wherein the maximum amount of heat transmitted is secured from the products of combustion as they are brought into contact with the series or banks of water-tubes and directed therealong; and wherein a more perfect combustion is promoted within the furnace than has been accomplished in devices of this character heretofore used.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, Figure 1 is a vertical section through a water-tube boiler, constructed in Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915..

Serial No. 7395M.

accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a view, similar to Fig. 1, but showing an alternative form ofmy invention.

Taking up a detailed description of the invention by the use of reference characters, 1 represents the front wall, 2 the rear Wall and 3 the side walls of a furnace, which is provided with upper steam and waterdrums A, B, and C and the mud-drum D, to which the former drums have connection through the series or banks of tubes at, b, and 0, respectively. A steam super-heater E. comprising the manifolds e and the tubes 6, is supported by the side walls 30f the furnace, between the upper ends of the. series or banks 5 and c of the water tubes.

F represents the combustion chamber and G the ash pit between which are located the grate bars 4.

tance of the drum D. Similarly supported by the first and second rows of tubes in the series or bank Z), is a baffle 6 which extends downwardly from the drumB toward the mud-drum D, preferably aboutftwo-thirds or three-fourths of the length of the tubes; and supported by the rear row of tubes of the same series, is a baflle 7, its upper edge being preferably about the same height .as the upper edge of the baliie I. The baffle 8, which is supported by the first and second rows of tubes within the series or bank a, extends from the drum A downwardly about the same distance as the bafile I); and the baffle 9 rests upon the ledge 10 which extends across the back wall 2 of the furnace and, bearing against the rearrow of watertubes-of the series a, extends upwardly leaving an opening 11 below the drum A for the escape of the products of combustion. The products of combustion escape from the furnace through the damper controlled opening 12, after the greater percentage of the heat has been extracted therefrom by contact with the water tubes.

It will be noted that I use water circulators both between the drums B and C and the drums A and B. The use of the latter circulators is important in a boiler having the type of bathing shown in Figs. 1 and 2, because of the high temperature of the gases entering the second pass. If the baffling leaks, the gases are liable to set up rear circulations which are provided for by these Water circulators. Furthermore, if the boilers run at an overload with this special form of baffling, the water level is liable to lower in the rear drum. By providing these rear circulators, this liability is reduced and overheating of the shell of the rear upper drum is avoided.

By the omission of an arch to my furnace, it will be seen that I have utilized the space which has heretofore been of no benefit, but rather a detriment to the efficient operation of the furnace, and have thus provided a large and effective combustion chamber wherein the gases of the fuel and the air required for combustion are given more time and length of travel to properly mix and lgnite. These products, after passing over the top o'f-the baffle 5, which constitutes the rear wall of the combustion chamber F, are directed against the steam super-heater E and the upper end of the remainder of the tubes of the first series or bank 0, and are conducted therealong toward the bottom, between the bafiies 5 and 6. The gases after having reached the top of the front baffle 5 cross among the upper part of the front tubes directly into a secondary combustion chamber formed by the triangular space between the upper parts of the front and middle banks of tubes. As the flame and gases are but slightly cooled owing to the small amount of heating surface in the first'up pass, which receives heat largely from radiation, a secondary combustion will take place in the space just referred to, thus giving higher temperature and more effective heating of the water tubes, and of the superheater if used. After passing around the lower edge of the baffle 6, the products of combustion pass upwardly through the series of tubes 6, between the baffles 6- and 7. Passing over the top edge of the bafile 7, the products of combustion are directed downwardly to where they are brought into association'with the bottom of the last series or. bank of water-tubes and are directed upwardly therealong between the baflles8 and 9, whence they find their escape through the opening 11 above the baffle 9.

The embodiment of my invention shown in 'Fig. 3, differs from that shown in Fig. '1, in omitting the secondary combustion chamber and changing the location of the second bafile, which I have designated 6 in Fig. 3. In this form of my invention,

the hot gases or products of combustion which pass from the combustion chamber F over the top of the baffle 5, are conducted between said bafile and the baffle 6 along all of the tubes which constitute the series or bank 0 except the first row of such series and thence upwardly between the baffies 6 and 7 in close association with the tubes comprising the series or bank I), and into contact with the super-heater E. The remainder of the course of circulation is identical with that heretofore described. In this way, greater heat is supplied to the first series of tubes, but the super-heated steam is not raised to such a high degree of temperature as it would be in the use of the former construction. The requirements of the particular conditions under which the steam from the boiler is to be used, therefore, determine which of the arrangements is preferable, in some cases it being desirable to obtain a higher temperature of the superheated steam than in others.

From the foregoing description, and from the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that I have provided a water-tube boiler furnace wherein the highest efficiency may be obtained, by contributing all of the available space possible to the promotion of a perfect combustion and by conducting the products of combustion into very close proximity to the tubes to be heated, and by confining the course of circulation, as nearly as possible, to the zones occupied by said tubes.

As a convenient manner of supporting the baflies 5, 6, and 8,1 have shown them as confined between the two forward rows of tubes of the various series or banks, but I wish it to be understood that I do not thereby confine myself to this method of securing passageway for the gases or products of combustion through the series or banks of tubes. The baffle may be secured to and in front of the tubes comprising the series or banks 0 and b or a baflle may be obtained by placing suitable material between or around adjacent tubes in the front row of tubes in the series or banks a and b. The bafiles might be supported by rods extending across the furnace and anchored within said walls 3 thereof, or in any other approved manner. And likewise, I do not limit myself to the method shown for supporting the baflles and 9.

In both embodiments of my invention, the front of the furnace constitutes a combustion chamber,-the rear wall of the combustion chamber being formed, in effect, by the first bafile 5, which projects upwardly from the drum D. The products of com bustion from the fire of the grate G pass upwardly, along this baflie, and are directly downwardly through the first bank or series of tubes connecting the drums C and D in the manner described hereinbefore.

wearer The first type of boiler shown is my preferred form, since therein the gases directly enter the secondary combustion chamber after leaving the top of the front bafiie.

By the term drum or mud-drums as applied to the lower drum of the boiler, I intend to cover either a single drum or a plurality of connected drums or water compartments. By the term baffle or baffle device, I intend to cover any form of bafliing, whether partly or wholly supported by the tubes, as in the form shown or in any other form not so supported.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. The combination of a steam boiler furnace having a combustionchamber at the front thereof and a drum in its lower portion, series of tubes extending upwardly from the drum, with a secondary combustion chamber between the front series and the next series of tubes, the front series being located at the rear of the combustion chamber with the front setting wall facing it, a baffle extending upwardly in front of tubes of the front series and constituting the back of the combustion chamber, and succeeding bafiies arranged to direct the gases over the successive tubes, the baffling allowing the products to pass over the top of the front baflieinto the secondary combustion chamber between the first and second banks of tubes and thence downwardly, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a steam boiler furnace having a combustion chamber at the front thereof and a drum in its lower portion, series of tubes extending upwardly from the drum with a secondary combustion chamber between the front series of tubes and the next series, a superheater located in said secondary combustionchamber, the front series of water tubes being located at the rear of the combustion chamber with the front setting wall facing it, .a bafile ex tending upwardly .in front of tubes of the front series and constituting the back of the combustion chamber, and succeeding battles, the baffling being arranged to allow the gases to flow across the upper ends of the front series of tubes directly into the secondary combustion chamber and over the superheater therein, a substantially as described.

3. The combination of a steam boiler furnace having a combustion chamber at the front thereof and a drum in its lower portion, series of tubes extending upwardly from the drum, the front series being located at the rear of the combustion chamber with the front setting wall facing it, a baffie extending upwardly in front of the majority of tubes ofthe front series and constituting the back of the combustion chamtion, series of tubes extending upwardly from the drum, the front series being 10- cated at the-rear of the combustion chamher, a baffle extending upwardly in front of tubes of the front series and constituting the back of the combustion chamber, and succeeding bafiiing arranged to direct the products of combustion upwardly and downwardly over the tubes, said baffling including a bafile extending downwardly in the front portion of the second series of tubes with a passage between its lower end and the lower drum part of the heating surface of the second down pass consisting of tubes of the front bank; substantially'as described.

5. A serial-pass multiple-bank boiler of the general Stirling type having the banks provided with bafiling, the only bafliing in or on the bank with which the flame and hot gases first contact consisting of a single bafiie at the front of said bank, succeeding baffles arranged to direct the gases over the successive banks of tubes, and water circulators between all of the steam and water drums, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a steam boiler furnace having a combustion chamber at the front thereof and a drum in its lower portion, series of tubes extending upwardly from the drum, a secondary combustion chamber being provided between the upper portions of the front series of tubes and the next series, the front series being located at the rear of the combustion chamber, a front baffle forming the back of the combustion chamber and in front of the majority of tubes of the front series, and succeeding bafiling arranged to give up and down passes to the gases, the bafiling allowing the gases to cross through the front bank of the tubes at the top of the front baffle directly into the secondary combustion chamber, the major portion of the heating surface in the downward second pass consisting of tubes of the front bank; substantially as described.

7. The combination 'of a steam boiler furnace having a combustion chamber at the front thereof and a drum in its lower portion, series of tubes extending upwardly from. the drum, a secondary combustion chamber being provided between the upper portion of the front series of tubes and the next series, the front series being located at the rear of the combustion chamber, a front ballle forming the back of the combustion chamber and having tubes of the front series in its rear, succeeding bafliing arranged to give up and down passes to the gases, the balliing allowing the gases to flow through the front bank of the tubes at the top of the. front balile directly into the secondary combustion chamber, and a superheater located in the secondary combustion chamber, substantially as described.

8; The combination of a steam boiler furnace having a combustion chamber at the front thereof and a drum in its lower portion, three series of tubes extending upwardly from the drum, the front series being located at the rear of the combustion chamber, and this and the next series having a secondary combustion chamber between their upper portions, :1 front ballle forming the back of the combustion chamber and having tubes of the front bank in its rear, and succeeding battling including two bafl'les in the second bank of tubes, the baffling being arranged to allow the gases to cross over through the upper part of the front series of tubes directly into the secondary combustion chamber, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a water tube boiler, having a plurality of banks of vertically extending tubes, a superheater between the first and second banks of tubes, comprising a plurality of chambers connected by upwardly extending superheating tubes, the front bank of tubes having a baffle forming the back of the combustion chamber and in front of tubes of said front bank, substantially as described.

10. The combination. of a water tube boiler having a plurality of banks of vertically extending tubes, a superheater between the first and second banks, a front baflle forming the back of the combustion chamber, and succeeding baflles, the baflling being arranged to cause the gases to flow simultaneously down over the superheater and the rear tubes of the front bank, substantially as described.

11. A boiler of the class described comprising a combustion chamber at the front thereof, a plurality of banks of tubes, steam and water drums and a mud drum into which the tubes are expanded, a baffle extending upwardly at the front of the first bank to cause the gases to first cross the upper part of said bank into the space between the front bank and the next bank of tubes and then to flow downwardly, and alternately downwardly and upwardly projecting ballles behind the first named baflie, and providing means for directing the gases longitudinally of the banks of tubes, and

water circulating tubes between the steam and water drums, substantially as described.

12. A boiler of the class described comprising a combustion chamber at the front thereof with the front setting wall facing the front bank of tubes, a plurality of banks of tubes, steam and water drums and a mud drum into which the tubes of each bank are expanded, a bailie extending upwardly at the front of the first bank, another baflie extending along the front of the second bank from the upper end thereof and terminating short of the lower end, said baffles causing the gases to cross the upper portion of the tubes of the first bank into the space between the banks and to traverse the said bank downward and then to traverse the second bank upward, and water 'circulators between the steam and water drums, substantially as described.

18. The combination of a steam boiler furnace having a substantially unobstructed furnace chamber at the front thereof with the front setting wall facing the front bank of tubes, a drum in the lower portion, banks of tubes extending upwardly from the drum to a plurality of steam and water drums, a front bafile extending in front of the majority of the tubes of the front bank and forming the back of the combustion chamber, a second baffle in front of the majority of the tubes of the second bank and allowing the gases to flow below its lower end, the gases flowing over the top of the front baflle into the secondary combustion chamber between the two banks, and a superheater in the secondary combustion chamber, substantially as described.

14. A serial pass multiple bank boiler of the general Stirling type, having the banks provided with bafiling, the only baffling in or on the bank with which the flame and hot gases first contact consisting of a single baflie at the front of said bank, substantially as described.

15. A. serial pass multiple bank boiler of the general Stirling type, having a refractory wall facing the bank of tubes with which the flame and gases first contact, a baflie extending upwardly within said bank of tubes and constituting the back of the combustion chamber between said baflle and refractory wall, and succeeding baffles arranged to direct gases over successive tubes, the bafiling allowing the products to pass over the to a of the front baffle into'the secondary com ustion chamber formed between the first and second banks of tubes, substantially as described.

16. A steam boiler having a plurality of upper steam and water drums, a lower water drum, banks of tubes connecting said upper and lower drums, a furnace, the first bank of tubes having a single baffle at the front and extending upwardly to the upper In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my part thereof and forming the rear Wall of signature in the presence of two Witnesses. the furnace combustion chamber and baffles JOHN WGLFF. to cause thegas to flow over and among the Witnesses:

5 tubes of the remaining banks; substantially J. B. HULL,

as described. BRENNAN B. WEST.

' 2 Copies 0! this pgtent may be obtalnefi for fiye cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. 0."

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