US1890783A - Machine for the manufacturing of knotted carpets and the like - Google Patents

Machine for the manufacturing of knotted carpets and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US1890783A
US1890783A US482397A US48230730A US1890783A US 1890783 A US1890783 A US 1890783A US 482397 A US482397 A US 482397A US 48230730 A US48230730 A US 48230730A US 1890783 A US1890783 A US 1890783A
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Prior art keywords
knotting
reed
pile
levers
key
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US482397A
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English (en)
Inventor
Huebner Franz
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SMYRNA AUTOMAT GmbH
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SMYRNA AUTOMAT GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D39/00—Pile-fabric looms
    • D03D39/02—Axminster looms, i.e. wherein pile tufts are inserted during weaving

Definitions

  • FIG. 4 MACHINE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF KNOTTED CARPETS AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 16, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3
  • FIG. 4
  • This invention relates to devices for the production of knotted carpets and the like.
  • the manufacture of carpets, covers, and the like in which the pile is formed by the knotsystem of ground threads, in particular of the so-called Persian and Turkey carpets, has been carried out until recently exclusively by hand. Only in the last few years has it become possible to manufacture knotted carpets of this order mechanically, and this has been accompli shed by means of machines which work entirely automatically and in which the formation of the pattern is effected by means of a jacquard machine.
  • he present invention provides a device for the manufacture of knotted carpets and the like with Turkey or Persian knots which is very simple and cheap, easy to mount on any loom suited for the manufacture of heavy texture, and capable of being actuated by hand at high speed and without appreciable expenditure of energy.
  • the essential feature of the invention is that adjustable setters are provided for bringing the pile threads independently of each other to within the grasping range of the pile-thread withdrawing nippers, and that the act of operating one of these setters to place any one of the pile threads in the sphere of operation of the withdrawing nippers sets in motion the mechanism for the formation of the knots and for the feeding forward of the knotting device.
  • FIG. 1 shows in perspective a crosssection of the loom together with the arrangement for the mounting of the knotting device;
  • Figs. 25 show the disposition of the knotting device on the loom and also the arrangements for the forward feeding movement of the knotting device in the direction of the weft, in front elevatioh, plan, and two side elevations respectively;
  • Fig. 6 shows a detail of these latter arrangements on an enlarged scale;
  • Fig. 7 shows, in the same view as Fig. 2, the knot-ting device together with a pile thread setter attached thereto;
  • Fig. 8 shows the pile thread setter in side elevation, that is to say as seen from the breast beam of the loom, with one pile thread guide shown in the operative position;
  • Fig. 9 shows the pile thread. setter in plan.
  • each side there is attached at each side an upright 11.
  • Each of these uprights 11, only one of which is shown in the drawings, is provided with a vertical rail 12 on which a cradle-arm 13 is slidably mounted.
  • the two cradle-arms 13 located at the ends of the loom are connectedtogether by means of two rails '14 and 15 to form. a single framework.
  • rollers 16 Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 a carriage bearing the knotting device.
  • the knotting device proper that is to say the system of withdrawing nippers, drivers, shears, and knotting pincer-s toget ier with the actuating mechanisn'i (eccentric sheaves, cranks etc.) by means of which a length of pile thread is drawn forth, cut oil, and knotted into the warp does not form part of the invention.
  • Any one of the many known knotting devices can be employed, provided 11 (Fig. e'l a tenthe same can be mounted on a framework or v carriage running on the rails ll, 15 and be moved progressively across the entire breadth of the loom in the direction of the weft.
  • Such known knotting devices are shown in U. Patents Nos.
  • Figs. 2-5 the whole of the knotting mechanism proper is indicated by the rectangle denoted by K.
  • the devices serving for the mounting and forward movement of the knotting device K are shown in Figs. 26.
  • the wheels or rollers 16 running on the rails 14, 15 are'connected together in pairs by means of axles
  • the two axles are in' turn connected together by means oi rod 26 on which there is pivotally mounted a stirrup 27 which carries the knotting device K.
  • the knotting device K is thus capable of being swung about the axis 26 in ie direction of the arrow I (Figs. 4 and 5), that is to say in the direction of the length of the loom.
  • the knotting device I After the knotting of each. knot into the warp the knotting device I: must be moved forward to the extentof the breadth of one knot, that is to say the extent of the distance from the middle of one knot to the middle of the next knot in the dir c ion of the weft (arrow II, Figs. 2, This extent or feed movement corresponds, since a Persian or Turkey knot is knotted into two adjacent warp threads, to two spaces between the dents 28 of the reed 29 (Fig. 2).
  • the knotting device K During the formation of a knot the knotting device K must clearly remain stationary and be held in position.
  • the reed 29 serves both for the holding of the knotting device in position and also as a ratchet bar for controlling the elrtent of the forward movement of this device after the completion of each knot.
  • the frame K carrying the entire knotting mechanism there is provided a downwardly projecting stirrup-shaped member 30 (F 2 to which a short toothed bar 31 is rigidly attached.
  • this toothed bar 31 which will hereinafter be referred to as the lined advancing foot, correspond exactly to the spacing of the dents 28, of the reed 29, and during the knotting process this fixed advancing foot 31 engages in the reed 29 and thereby prevents the displacement of the knotting device i i in the direction of the weft (arrow ll, Figs. 2 and 3).
  • a second short toothed bar which is movable in regard to the knotting device both in a direction at right angles to the surface of the reed 2S) (arrow H1 in 4-.) and also in a direction parallel to the weft (arrow ll, F :2,
  • the spacing of the teeth of this second toothed bar 32 hereinafter termed the movable advancing foot, likewise registers with that of the reed
  • the movable advancing foot In the feeding forward of the knotting device to the extent of the width of a knot the movable advancing foot first carries out a movement relatively to the reed 29, so that it swings the knotting device about the axle 26 in the direction of the arrow I (Fig.
  • this foot 32 is attached to a cross-bar 33 articulated to the ends of two links 34 and 35; these links are coupled'by means of universal joints to the axle 26 and derive from the main driving shaft 36, which drives the entire knotting mechanism, the movements necessary to actuate the movable advancing foot 32 in the manner described above.
  • the link 34 is driven by an eccentric sheave 37 attached to the main shaft 36 (arrow 111, Fig. 4).
  • the peripheral surface of this eccentric sheave 37 is not cylindrically but spherically shaped, so that the eccentric rod can also carry out a slight lateral movement (arrow 11, Figs. 2 and 3).
  • the link 35 is actuated by an eccentric sheave 39 through an eccentric rod 40.
  • the eccentric sheave 39 is mounted on a vertical shaft 41, and is driven from the main shaft 36 through the intermediary of a bevel gear 42, 43 comprising a known type of reversing coupling 44 adapted to reverse the shaft 41 and sheave 39.
  • the eccentric rod is provided with a slot 45 (Fig. 3) with which there cooperates a link block 46 attached by means of a pivot pin 47 to a sliding member 48.
  • This sliding member 48 is adjustably mounted on a projecting portion 49 of the frame K carrying the knotting mechanism, and is adapted to of two screws
  • the eccentric rod 40 thus car- 50 (Fig. 3,).
  • a reciprocating movement ries out not only corresponding to the throw of the eccentric pin but also, in the manner of a double-armed lever, a lateral swivelling movement with the pin 47 as pivot.
  • the knotting device K is fed towards the left or towards the right.
  • the knotting device therefore does not require to be returned to the starting position after the completion of a row of knots from left to right, but can be set, by actuation of the reversing coupling 44, to be fed in the opposite direction, that isto say from right to the settin of the reversin to left.
  • the teethof the fixed and movable advancing feet 31 and 32 are provided with symmetrically shaped flanks (Fig. 6).
  • the reed of the carpet knotting loom serves as ratchet bar for the feeding forward of the knotting device
  • closeness (setting) of the knots can easily be varied. It is merely necessary, as in the alteration of the warp setting on ordinary looms, to change the reed 29 for a new reed of the required setting.
  • the stroke of the movable advancing foot 32 must, however, be adapt-edto the spacing of the reed 29, which can easily be accomplished by the shifting of the pivot -7 of the eccentric rod 40 by means of the sliding member 48 (Fig. 3).
  • the fixed and movable advancing feet 31 and 32 must be replaced by others the spacing of the teeth of which registers with that of the new reed 29. To this end the advancing feet 31 and, 32 are interchangeably attached to the parts 30 and 33.
  • the main shaft 36 is preferably driven by means of a small electromotor (not shown) which is likewise mounted on the carriage, for example on a projecting portion of the frame K, and therefore participates in the forward feed movement of the knotting device (arrow III, Figs. 2 and
  • the drive of the main shaft 36 can, however, be efiected by a shaft set in rotation in' any desired manner, e. by means of a pedal, the movement of which is transm tted by means of a belt, chain, or the like to a wheel keyed on the main shaft 36.
  • the knot-forming mechanism and the mechanism for the feeding forward of the knotting device are set in motion by the actuation of the pile thread setter, that is to say by the act of bringing the pile thread next required to be knotted into position within the grasping range of the pile thread withdrawing nippers 53.
  • This purpose is served by the arrangement of parts now to be described with reference to Figs. 7, 8, and 9.
  • a frame 54 (Figs. 7-9) in which, on a rail 55 (Figs. 8 and 9), a number of angularly bent levers 56 are movably mounted in the manner of the keys of a typewriter. These levers 56 serve for the guidance of the pile threads derived from the variously coloured pile thread bob bins.
  • the system of pile thread bobbins is also disposed on the carriage running on the rails 14, 15, so that it participates in the forward feed movement of the knotting device. As will be seen from Fig.
  • a key lever 65 which acts by means of a pin 66 (Fig. 8) on the one arm of the appropriate setting lever 56.
  • the keys 67 are arranged in juxtaposition, as shown. in Figs. 7 and 8. in the manner of the key-board of a typewriter.
  • the depression of one of the keys 67 causes the appropriate setting lever 56 to be tilted into the position shown in Fig. 8, in which position the lower end of the setting lever together with the end of the pile thread 64 projecting slightly from the eye 63 is within the grasping range of the pile thread withdrawing nippers 53, which latter having already been brought into the operative position.
  • the pile thread withdrawing nippers 53 carry out, at the start of each operating cycle, a tilting movement (in Fig. 7 towards the left), so that they come into a position immediately in front of the final position of the eye 63 of the tilted lever 56 (Fig. 8).
  • All the setting levers 56 are so mounted and guided that their lower ends with the guiding eyes 63 are brought into precisely the same position (as in the case of the typelevers of typewriters).
  • a stop 68 limits the stroke of the setting levers 56 (Fig. 8) and a funnel-shaped guide 69 (Fig. 9) ensures that the ends of the setting levers 56 always come into precisely the same position in front of the pile thread withdrawing nippers when the latter are in the operative position.
  • the following arrangement is made for the purpose of causing the mechanism for forming the knots and for feeding the knotting device forward to be set in motion by the act of depressing one of the keys 67 which sets one of the pile threads 64 in position within the grasping range of the pile thread withdrawing nippers 53.
  • the lat ter When the knotting device is directly drivon by means of a smallelectric motor the lat ter can be started by the depression of any one of the keys 67; this motor is then switched off by the returning of the key and the setting lever 56 to the position of rest.
  • the switching on and off of the current can be effected, for example, by the closing of contacts (not shown) by the depression of any one of the keys 67 and the separation of the same by the returning of this key to the position of rest.
  • a preferable arrangement is, however, to place between the main shaft 36 and the driving shaft 70 (Figs. 2 and 7), which latter may be driven in any desired manner, a clutch 71 which is engaged by the depression of any one of the keys 67 and disengaged by the returning of the same to the position of rest.
  • this clutch 71 can be engaged and disengaged electrically by the inclusion of an electromagnet adaptedto actuate the movable part of the clutch and to be supplied with current when a key is depressed and deprived of current when this key returns to the position of rest.
  • the engaging and disengaging of the clutch 71 can also be effected mechanically in dependence on the actuation of any one of the keys 67.
  • All the key levers 65 can for example cooperate with one and the same member constructed in the manner of the known bridges of typewriters, by means of which member the clutch 71 is adapted to be engaged and disengaged.
  • the main shaft 36 set in rotation by the depression of one of the keys 67 then effects mechanically all'the further steps necessary for the formation of the knots and for the feeding forward of the knotting mechanism.
  • the pile thread withdrawing nippers are first brought from their position of rest (Fig. 7) into the operative position in front of the guide channel 69 (Fig. 9).
  • the open jaws of the nippers 53 grasp the end of the positioned pile thread 64, close on the same, and on returning in the closed condition to the position of rest draw forth a piece of the pile thread.
  • a pair of shears 72 (Fig. 8) are swung in from the side into a position in front ofthe guiding channel 69 and cut off a piece of the pile thread.
  • Both the depression of the key 67 andalso the mechanical process of knotting and of feeding forward the knottingdevice can be carried out at high speed.
  • the actual timeconsuming operation in hand-knotting, namely the knotting-in ofthe tufts, is elimihated, and the independently acting knotting device requires for the making of a knot only a fraction of the time required in handknotting.
  • the depression of the key 67 by hand and the positioning of the pile threads can be carried out at a speed which is not less than and may even be greater than when the setting of the pile threads is effected by means of a jacquard card. It will be evident that the actuation of the setting levers 56 could also be carried out mechanically by means of a jacquard card or the like.
  • the pattern of a carpet or the like is as a rule of such nature that, during the making of a row of knots, there is only seldom a single knot of the same colour to be knotted; as a rule two, three or more, and even often a large number of knots of the same colour follow in succession.
  • the operator holds the key 67 concerned in the depressed condition until the series of similarly coloured knots has been completed in one uninterrupted working phase.
  • Each of the keys 67 or each of the setting levers 56 can, however, be fitted with a known type of locking device which retains the said key or lever in the operative position (Fig. 8) until acted upon by a special releasing impulse which returns it to the position of rest (Fig.
  • This releasing impulse is preferably derived from the keys 67 or setting levers 56 themselves, the arrangement being such that the depression of one of the keys 67 causes the setting lever last brought intothe operative position (and held in this position during one or more operating cycles) to be returned to the position of rest. Every key and setting lever on actuation thus returns the setting lever occupying the operative position back into the inoperative position (Fig. 7).
  • Mechanisms of this kind in connection with key-controlled apparatus are already known. The operator therefore has nothing else to do but to follow with theeye the row in the pattern drawing to be worked, and at each alteration of the pile thread colour to depress the key 67 applying to the new colour.
  • the system of key levers 65 is mounted at the side of the frame K which carries the knotting mechanism.
  • the links 3a and 35 are cranked, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • the key-board 67 can be turned 90, so that it is positioned in front of the operator in the manner of the key-board of a typewriter.
  • the knotting device and the whole of the mechanism running on the rails 14 and 15 are tilted slightly in the direction of the arrow 1 (Fig. 4:), so that the advancing feet 31 and 32 are brought out of engagement with the reed 29.
  • the frame K is provided with a catch 75 (Fig. 4:) which can be hung on a ledge 76 on the front guide rail 15, and thus retains the locking mechanism out of engagement with the reed 29.
  • the knotting device proper, its driving mechanism, the mechanism for the feeding forward of the knotting device, the pile thread setter, as also the driving motor if such be employed, and the bobbin carrier constitute, as will be seen from the drawings preceding de scription, a complete and self-sufiicing system which is perfectly independent of the loom.
  • This system runs on rails let and 15, can be manufactured as an independent unit, and can be mounted on any loom which is suitable for carpet knotting.
  • the loom requires no alterations except for the attachment to its framework of the two uprights 11 (Fig. 1) together with the frame consisting of the cradle-arms 13 and the rails 14 and 15 and adapted to be raised and lowered.
  • a crank or hand wheel 170 see Fig. 2 can be provided on the main shaft 36 (Figs. 6 and 7) the operator then actuates the setter (keyboard 67) with one hand and turns the shaft 36 with the other hand.
  • each knotting device is tended by one person, and the separate knotters are disposed at such distances from each other (approximately half a metre to a metre) that the different persons operating the separate key-boards have room to sit next to each other.
  • I claim 1 In a device for the manufacture of knotted carpets and the like with Smyrna or Persian knots, having a mechanism for forming the knots and means for feeding forward the knotting device and nippers for withdrawing pile threads, a series of thread setters associated with the pile threads and adjustable independently of each other within the grasping range of said nippers, actuating means for the knotting mechanism being set in mot-ion by the adjustment of one of said thread setters within the grasping range of said nippers.
  • a device as described in claim 1 comprising means for driving the entire mechanism for forming the knots and feeding the knotting device, said means being actuated by the operation of any one of said thread setters.
  • a device as described in claim 1 comprising a motor for driving the entire mechanism for forming the knots and feeding the knotting device, said motor being actuated by the operation of any one of said thread set-' ters.
  • said setting gears are designed as double-armed levers and key levers adapted to actuate said double-armed levers; the actuation of said key levers thereby causing the selection of the pile thread that is to be knotted at a certain time and the proper set ting thereof in front of said nippers.
  • said setting gears are designed as doublearmed levers and key levers adapted to actuate said double-armed levers; the actuation of said key levers thereby causing the selection of the pile thread that is to be knotted at a certain time and the proper setsetting thereof in front of said nippers; said setting gears being provided with a thread guiding eye at each end and a braking spring for one of said eyes.
  • a device as described in claim 1 having a reed and a carriage for transporting the pile thread setter and the knotting device, said reed serving as ratchet bar for feeding forward said carriage.
  • a device as described in claim 1 having a reed and a carriage for transporting the pile thread setter and the knotting device, said reed serving as ratchet bar for feeding forward said carriage, said carriage being provided with feet adapted to be alternately brought into and out of engagement with said reed for feeding the carriage forward.
  • a device as described in claim 1 having a reed and a carriage for transporting the pile thread setter and the knotting device, said reed serving as ratchet bar for feeding forward said carriage, said carriage being provided with feet adapted to be alternately brought into and out of engagement with said reed for feeding the carriage forward, the stroke of one of said feet being variable in order to alter the spacing of the reed and consequently the setting of the knots.
  • a device as described in claim 1 having a reed and a carriage for transporting the pile thread setter and the knotting device, said reed serving as ratchet bar for feeding forward said carriage, said carriage being provided with feet adapted to be alternately brought into and out of engagement with said reed for feeding the carriage forward; a batten adapted to support the dents and stiffen the reed, said batten extending along the points of engagement of said feet.
  • a device as described in claim 1 adapted for looms With a horizontal warp, and having a reed and a carriage for transporting the pile thread setter and the kn otting device, 25 said reed serving as ratchet bar for feeding forward said carriage; rails adapted to support said carriage, said rails being disposed parallel to the Weft and adapted to be slidable in the direction of the weft and tiltable 30 in the direction of the warp.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US482397A 1929-08-27 1930-09-16 Machine for the manufacturing of knotted carpets and the like Expired - Lifetime US1890783A (en)

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AT360536X 1929-08-27

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US (1) US1890783A (de)
BE (1) BE372965A (de)
DE (1) DE545578C (de)
FR (1) FR702920A (de)
GB (1) GB360536A (de)

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GB360536A (en) 1931-11-12
FR702920A (de) 1931-04-21
DE545578C (de) 1932-03-07
BE372965A (de)

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