US653225A - Loom. - Google Patents

Description

No. 653,225. Patented July 10, 1900.

w. FISCHER, sa. & w. FISCHER, 1;. H1051.

- [Application filed Apr. 28, 1899.} V (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

WiTNESSESx INVENTORS,

ATTORNEYS ms mamas PETERS cv., \msmNuwN, 12, c.

No. 653,225. Patented July" I0, 1900, w. FISCHER, SR. & w. FISCHER, 1n.

LOUM.

' (Application filed Apr. 26, 1899.)

a sheets-sheet 2 (N0 Model.)

ATTQ RN EYS mvgmoas,

' WITNESSES.

' HA nuns]: PETERS 6a., wAsM/Naron, n. c.

No. 653,225. Patented July I0, usoo.

W. FISCHER, SR. &, W. FISCHER, JR.

LOUM. I

(Application filed Apr. 26, 1899.)

(No Model.) 1

ATTORNEYS THE nmmus PETERS cm, wnsmucnm. n. c.

. BY 5 m wit-0M -rrn STATES PATENT snares,

WILLIAM FISCHER, SR, AND \VILLIAM FISCHER, JR, OF PATERSON, -NEVV JERSEY, ASSIGNORS, 'BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE AMERICAN AU- TOMATIO LOOM COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY.

LCOM.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 653,225, dated July 10, 1900.

Application filed April 26, 1899.

To all'whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM FISCHER,

Sn, and WILLIAM FISCHER, J r., citizens of the United States, residing in Paterson, in the 5 county of Passaic and State of New Jersey,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of looms known as needle-loomsthat is to say, looms in which the weft or filling is laid in the shed in loop form by means of needles which carry the weft or filling in conjunction with other needles which enter the successive loops and maintain them in position until each is Y beaten up and the threads of the warp crossed to form a new shed.

For convenience sake we term the former needles weftcarriers and the latter needles loopers.

Our invention has to do more particularly with the instrumentalities last named, and its salient feature is that the loopers, so called, while reciprocated collectively to enter and quit' their respective loops are individually and independently spring-yielding and movable toward and away from their respective reeds, so that each loop er may adapt itself in this respect to the necessities of the particular work which it may be called upon to perform and to the particular mechanical devices with which it cooperates during the weaving operation without regard to the fellows.

In the accompanying drawings, to which we will now refer for a better understanding of our invention, Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of a loom embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, slightly enlarged, of that portion of the loom which includes the needles and their operating mech- Serial No. 714,470. (No model.)

Fig. 3 is a section, on an enlarged scale, taken on line X X, Fig. 2. Fig. 4: is a like section through the batten, showing the vertical needle or looper in its elevated position instead of in its lowermost position, as in Fig. 3. Fig.

5 is an enlarged plan view of one of the guides for the vertical needles or loopers. 5 The side frames of the loom, one of which is shown at a, are connected by longitudinal beams cried, the latter being the breast-beam of the loom and being sustained by the front pillars a 'of the side frames. The lay-swords e e are fulcrumed at their upper ends in standards e on the side frames, the fulcrumbolts 011 the lay-swords passing through and being adjustably secured in slots 6 in the standards. To the lower ends of the layswords is secured in the usual. manner the lay or batten e Carried by and moving with the lay-swords and batten are the several sets of reeds, weft-carriers, and loopers, which cooperate with the warp and shed controlling 7o mechanism to weave the several strips or pieces of goods, there being one set of these instrumentalitiesfor each separate piece of goods to be woven. The reedslshow-n at gf, Fig. 2) are by means of clips 9 gt secured to bars 9 9 attached to and extending between the lay-swords and stiffened by rods g fastened to them and to the batten. The weftcarriers are arranged as horizontal needles (1 in pairs, the needles of each pair pointing in opposite directions and the one needle of each pair being mounted on and carried by a horizontal longitudinally-reciprocating rod m and the other needle of each pair being mounted on another and similar reciprocating rod a, corresponding needles-of all the pairs being on one and the same rod. Rod m is supported on grooved rollers m in standards m, secured to the batten, and rod n is supported on grooved rollers n in standards 0 n, secured to the bar 9. ,The standards are adjustably secured to their supports at m and n m respectively. The needles q of rod m are secured to their rod by arms p, and

those of rod n are secured to their rod by '95 anisin, the lay or batten, and the lay-swords. i arms p, each arm being adjustablyseoured o chine through gearing c c.

weft-carriers q are actuated by having their 5 connections m and n a sticks are formed as angle-levers, their shorterat p p to the rod and each needle being adi from shaft b through gearingc c Fig. 1.

justably secured at q to its arm. The filling or weft is taken from bobbins g Fig. 1, there being one bobbin for each needle. Each filling passes over a suitable sustaining-surface g and thence through a guide g on bar 9, Fig. 2, to its needle q. The warp is delivered from sets of bobbins d, Fig. 1, suitably supported on a bracket (1 The warp extends to thence to the usual tension mechanism, consisting of rollers d journaled in a frame (1 over which the warp extends, weights (1 being suspended from rollers (1 placed on the warp betweeneach two rollers (1 From the r5 tension the-warp passes to the usual glass 2e suitable form of shedding mechanism. The

batten and the horizontal needles q may be actuated by any suitable mechanism. In the present instance the batten is actuated by a pitman c at each end of the machine, adj ustably pivoted at e e to'a bracket 6 on the laysword at that end, and having its other end hung on a crank-pin on a gear-wheel 0, fast on and revolving with shaft 1), the latter being driven from the main shaft 1) of the ma- The needles or reciprocating rods m n attached, respectively, to the picker-sticks 2' t" at opposite ends of the machine through adjustable pivot These pickerarms t fi being pivoted in brackets i 2' on their respective lay-swords, Figs. 2 and 3. The lower endof each picker-stick moves be- 0 tween guidesjj" j j, which assure its correct movement. The vibratory movement of the picker-sticks and the consequent reciprocation of the needle-carrying rods with which they are connected is brought about by straps 5 k, connected one to each shorter arm of its appropriate angle-lever picker-stick. Each strap 70 is-connected to the free end of a le- ,-ver is. pivoted at its rear end at the back of the loom, having on it a block 78, provided with a cam-face 70 Fig. 3, which is below and in the path of the tappet c on shaft Z1 By the tappet and cam the needle-carrying rod connected therewith is moved in a direction to carrythe needles on that bar through their 5 5 respectivesheds in a direction to lay the weftloops therein. The return movement of the rods is effected by extensible springs 0, attached at one end to the lay swords or bars 9 thereon, Fig. 2, and at the other end to their appropriate picker-sticks. The arrangement ($5 deposited by the weft-carriers and beaten up by the reeds. The shaft Z1 takes its motion The take-up. roll is actuated in the usual Way from the batten through the medium of a cord f, Fig. 1, that controls a lever f, which, through a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism f is adapted to rotate a pinion f and through said pinion gearing f whereby the take-up roll (1 is actuated. The main shaft b itself of the loom is driven from any prime mover, in this instance through driving-belt 77 which is used in connection with fast and loose pulleys b on shaft 7).

- For the purpose of conveniently stopping and starting the machine we employ the usual expedient of a belt-shifter b secured on a rock-shaft b provided with a crank-arm, which by connecting-rod b is connected with a horizontally-reciprocating bar 12 movable in brackets or guides b on standards a Vle come now to that portion of the loom in which our invention is more particularly found.

It is of course manifest that with each of the weft-carrying needles or weft-carriers there must be combined some means of holding the loop carried across the-warp by each needle until that loop is beaten up and the shed is shifted so as to hold it in this condition. It is for this purpose that a second set of needles o is provided. These needles 0,01 loopers as we have called them, are arranged in pairs, one on each side of the Warp-shed in connection with which they are used. They reciprocate in a plane transverse to that in which the weft-carriers .move and are ar ranged and operated to enter and quit each its own weft-loop at appropriate times. For this purpose these loopers are mounted on and carried by a frame 3, situated back of the batten and adapted for vertical reciprocatory movement by guides s, that project rearwardly from the top and bottom of the batten into and through vertical slots 5 in-said frame. The reciprocatory movement of the frame 3 is effected by means of levers 8 one at each end of the loom, pivoted to brackets s on beam a, Fig. 3, and at their free ends connected to the frame 8 by links .9 Illoth levers s are operated simultaneously by cams s on shaft 1), these cams operating to lift the frame, the descent of the latter being due to gravity. The movement is timed so that the loopers 1), which are down when the horizontal weft-carriers carry the weft across the warp-shed, will rise and enter the weft-loops before the weft-carriers begin to move back, and will thus hold the loops until they are beaten up and the warp-shed is changed, at which time they quit the loops and descend to their normal position. In this way all of the loopers are reciprocatedto enter and quit their loops collectively and together. It is, however, necessary that the loopers should be capable of motion to and from their respective reeds, the motion toward the reed bcingnecessary in order to propei'lybeat up ceases the fabric and secure the weft-loop in place, and the motion from the reed being necessary in order to enable the loopers to enter their re-.

spective loops, at which time the weft-carriers q are between the loopers o and the reeds. Not only is this necessary, but it is also necessary, as we have found, that each looper i) should be capable of thus moving separately from and independently of all of the other loopers in order that it may adapt itself to the exigencies of the particular weave with which it is associated and to the particular mechanical instrumentalities with which it no operates in doing that particular work. To

this end we make each of said loopers individually spring-yielding and movable to and from the reed, so that while all of the loop ers reciprocate collectively and as a group to enter and quit their loops the individual members of that group are separately and independently movable in a direction to and from their respective reeds. For this purpose the needles are .adjustably secnred by set-screws 'v in needle-bars t, adjustably secured by set-screws ii -in blocks 25', which are pivoted or hinged to the 'lower part of the frames. When time pivoted, they can swing or move to and from the reed. v With each needlebar tis associated a spring it, which tends to hold the needle-bar away from the reed, and each bar passes through a guideslot i in a three-armed guide 15 Fig. 5, adjustably secured to the top of the frame sby set-screws which pass through slot-s t in the guides. This guide restrains the needle-bar i from lateral movement and limits the extent of its vibratory movement to and from the reed. The needle bars 6 are between the frame 8 and the batten, and in the latter at points where the needle-bars come are wedgeshaped clearanceslots i Figs. .3 and 4, which have their wide end uppermost, so as to allow the vertical needles or loopers to move away from the reed as they rise far enough to permit them to enter the weft-loops. These loopersv are arranged in pairs, and the two loopers of each pair are located onopposite sides of the warp-shed with which they are associated and in a vertical line that' is slightly within the side bars of the frame of each reed, as seen in Fig. 2, so that in rising and descending they will move in paths in proximity to the edges of the warp-shed. I

The looper-needles o are plain and without eyes. The weft-carrier needles q are provided with eyes, through which the weft is threaded.

When the loom is in operation, one of the weft-carriers q of each pair enters and passes across the warpshed, so as to lay a loop of weft'therein, and projects enough beyond the opposite or far edge of the warp-shed to bring the open loop in position to be entered by its appropriate looper-needle o, the batten at this time being in the rear position. The frame 8 during this time rises, sothat when the loops are in position the vertical needles or loopers Q) will enter said loops. The loopers as they rise will, under the influence of the springs u, swing forward from the reed far enough to be in position topass up into the loops on the frontside of the horizontal needles or weft- 1 carriers g, which at this time are between the loopers and the reed. As soon as the loopers engage their loops the weft-carriers recede and draw back out of the warp-shed, the bat-- ten moving forward and the loopers still engaging and holding the loops until the weft is beaten up and the shed changes or is on the point of changing, at which time the frame 3 descends far enough to draw the looperneedles out of their loops. During this op oration and as the beatingaip operation progresses the vertical needles or loopers, while still holding their loops, will gradually fold up close against their respective reeds, so as to allow the weft'to be closely beaten up, each looper'yielding independently of its fellows and individually adapting itself to the exigencies of the work. When the frame 3 do scends, the needle-bars 25 will by the shallow lower ends of their clearance-slots be closed up toward the reed, so that at this time the needles 4) will be substantially vertical; but in rising and before said needles reach their loops they will be permitted to swing forward away from the reed far enough to enter their loops. Thus the operation proceeds, each of the weft-carriers q of each pair and its associateddevices being alternatelyin action.

If desired, the two sets of needles qmay be worked simultaneously instead of alternately. This can be effected by duplicating the tapp'ets that act against the levers k and placing them diametrically opposite each other on their shaft 1 Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

l. in a loom provided with suitable warp controlling mechanism, the combination with the reed, batten, weft-carriers mounted on said batten and adapted to reciprocate trans verselyof the reed and mechanism for cperating said batten and weft-carriers, of c looper-carrying frame and mechanism for reciprocating the same in a path transverse to the path of travel. of the weft-carriers, and.

loopers mounted on and. individually hinged to said frame and spring-pressed away from the reed, whereby said loopers, while reciprocated collectively and asa group to enter and quit their respective loops, are individuallyand independently spring-yielding and movable toward and away from the reed, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth. r

2. In a loom the combination with warpcontrolling mechanism, a batten and a reed mounted on said batten, weft-carriers also carried by said batten and adapted to reciprocate transversely of said reed, and mechanism for operating said weft-carriers, of a reciprocatory looper -carnyi'ng frame, means we have hereunto set our hands this 10th day for reciprocatingsaid frame,andindividna1ly of April, 1899.

spring-pressed-oscillating loopers mounted WILLIAM FISCHER, SR.

on and carried bysaid frame, Substantially WILLIAM FISCHER, JR. 5 as and for the purposes hereinbefore set Witnesses:

forth. ALFRED v GARDNER,

In testimony that we claim the foregoing l FRANK FISCHER.

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