US1884319A - Wall structure - Google Patents

Description

K' L' sMITH WALL STRGTURE Oct. 25 1932.

Filed Aug. 10, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 25, 1932. K. 1 SMITH WALL STRUCTURE Filed Aug. lO, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 JNVENTOR I, BY /ffffffe/ ffm/f? Patented Oct. 2.5, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENTol-FICEV KENNETH L. SMITH, OF `DES PLAINES, ILLINOIS WALL STRUCTURE Application illed August 10, 1929. Serial No. 384,969.

The main objects of this invention are: panying drawings, 1 represents the founda- Y First, to provide an improved wall struction wall or footing and 2 a basement floor. ture which is highly ecient from the stand- The side walls are formed of three styles of point of insulation against heat, cold and blocks 3, 4 and 5. All of these blocks are moisture. rabbeted along their upper longitudinal 59 Second, to provide a wall structure formed edges to provide external longitudinal shoulof blocks which may be laid without mortar ders 6 and have corresponding internal longior cement joints, and at the same time is tudinal shoulders 7 along their bottom longivery strong. y tudinal edges, these shoulders forming inw Third, to provide a wall structure formed terlocking parts when the blocks are super- 55 of blocks which when erected constitutes a imposed in a wall, as is clearly shown in substantially integral unit. Fig. 1.

Fourth, to provide animproved remforce The blocks 3 have vertical holes 8 therein. or tie means for walls formed of blocks. The blocks 4 have vertical holes 9 therein 1,5 Fifth, to provide awall structure embodyopening on the inner sides of the blocks. no ing these advantages which may be quickly These blocks are provided with reinforces 10 and easily erected and one which is ecoand 11 indicated by dotted lines. nomical. The blocks 5 have two rows of vertical Objects relating to details and economies of holes 12 arranged in staggered or overlap- 90 'my invention will appear from the descripping relation, and also a row of holes 13 prefo5 tion to follow. The invention is defined and erably of triangular cross section, alternate pointed out in the claims. holes 13 being arranged in an intermediate re- A structure which is a preferred embodilation relative to the pairs of rows 12. ment of my invention is illustrated in the The blocks 5 have longitudinal channels 25 accompanying drawings, in which: 14 on their upper faces disposed between the Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view series of holes 12 providing inwardly facing of a building embodying the features of my shoulders 15, these shoulders having outward invention. offsets 1-6 therein between the holes 12, and Fig. 2 is a fragmentary horizontal section longitudinal raised portions 17 providing no on a line corresponding to line 2 2 of Fig. 1. voutwardly facing shoulders 18 adapted to' Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section engage with the Shoulders 15, on a line corresponding to line 3 3 of Fig. l. The blocks 3 and 4 have longitudinal re- Figs. 4, 4A and 4B are perspective views cesses 19 at the top and bottom. of the three types of blocks employed by me. The blocks 3 and 5 have external shoulders 35 Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspective View 20 at one end and internal shoulders 21 at 30 of one of the insulating panels. the other, the shoulders of adjacent blocks Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view being adapted to interlock and being inclined of one of the air pocket closure members. as illustrated to facilitate assembling. The Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view mainly in verblocks 4 have corresponding shoulders at 40 tical section on a line corresponding to line their outer sides only. 7 7 of Fig. 8 showing an adaptation of my In the wall structure illustrated, the baseimprovements to Wooden ioor joists. ment walls are formed of the blocks 3. The

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary horizontal View main side walls of the building are formed of partially in section on line 8 8 of Fig. 7. thev` blocks 5 while a row of .the blocks 4 are In the structure illustrated in the accominserted in the walls to receive the edges of 9 the floors 22. As the blocks 3 are laid, anchoring rods 23 project from the foundation or footing into certain of the vertical holes of the blocks 8 and are anchored therein by means of the filling 24. Vertical anchoring rods 25 are arranged through aligned holes in the blocks 8, 4 and 5 and embedded in this filling. The edges of the floor extend into the openings 9 in the blocks 3, the reinforcing bars 26 being engaged with the upright reinforcing bars 25. I also preferably provide horizontal tie rods 27 which are laid in the channels formed by the recesses 19 in the top and bottom of the blocks 3 and 4.

With this arrangement, the floors are in` effect built into the wall and are very securely anchored and supported, the floors with their reinforcing members constituting tie members for the walls with the result that the structure is very rigid and the floors are capable of sustaining very heavy loads.

To increase insulation of the walls, I provide insulating panels 28 which are inserted into aligned holes 12, these holes or pockets having vertical grooves 29 at the ends thereof adapted to receive the edges of the insulating partitions 28, supporting them in a central position. U To prevent concrete falling into these pockets while the floor is being laid, .I provide cover plates 30 having offset portions 31 fitting into the pockets and opening to the spaces 19 in the blocks 6.

The corner blocks 55 are modified by providing the same with vertical cylindrical openings 56, these blocks also having vertical shoulders57 at one side adapted to coact with the shoulders on the ends of the abutting blocks. The corner blocks are arranged in alternating relation providing, however, a vertical cylindrical pocket through the wall adapted to receive the reinforcing bar 58 which is embedded in a filling 59 providing `a substantial corner tie or anchoring means or the corner blocks. The horizontal tie bars 25 are passed around these vertical tie bars .58, further anchoring or tying the walls at the corners.

In the modification shown in Figs. 7 and 8, special blocks 32 are provided at the floor line, these blocks being substantially the same as the blocks 3 with the exception that their inner walls are shortened to provide spaces 38 to receive the ends of the Wood joist 34.

In this embodiment, the wall section illus' trated is made up of blocks 5, the blocks 32 being superimposed thereon at the floor line, a row of blocks 3 upon the blocks 32, and the blocks 5 above, this being a special adaptation of my improvements, facilitating the use of joist as distinguished from a monolithic ioor.

Valls embodying my improvements may be quickly and economically erected, are ver effectively insulated against heat, cold and only effectively supported moisture and are very strong and rigid even when laid without mortar. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 the floors are not and connected to the walls but the 1n turn constitute bracing and tie members or the walls of the building.

I have not attempted to illustrate or describe various modi cations and adaptations other than those illustrated which I contemplate as it is believed that this disclosure will enable those skilled in the art to embody or ada t my improvements as may be desired.

aving thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A wall structure comprising a plurality of blocks having external shoulders alon their top longitu inal edges and correspondging internal shoulders along their bottom longitudinal edges, each of said blocks havin a plurality of vertical openin therethroug disposed longitudinally ands in stag ered relation, the end walls of said openings geing vertically grooved, said blocks also having longitudinal grooves in the tops thereof disposed between said vertical openin and corresponding longitudinal ribs on t e bottoms thereof, said grooves and ribs havin lateral enlargements constituting co-en aging key members, the ends of said blocks having vertical co-engaging shoulders, and partition strips of insulating material disposed in aligned vertical openings in said blocks withv their vertical edges engaged in said groovbs in the ends of the blocks.

2. A wall structure comprising a plurality of blocks having external shoulders along their top longitudinal edges and corresponding internal shoulders along their bottom edges, each of said blocks having a plurality of vertical openings therethrough disposed longitudinally and in staggered relation, said blocks also havin longitudinal grooves in the tops thereof isposed between said vertical openings and corresponding longitudinal ribs on the bottoms thereof, said grooves and ribs having lateral enlargements constituting co-engaging key members, the ends of said locks having co-engaging shoulders, and partition strips of insulating material ldlisposed in aligned vertical openings in said oc s.

3. A wall structure comprising a plurality of blocks having external shoulders along their top longitudinal edges and corresponding internal shoulders along their bottom longitudinal edges, each of said blocks having a plurality of vertical o nin therethrough disposed longitudinali); an in staggered relation, said blocks also havin longitudinal grooves in the tops thereof isposed between said vertical o enings and corresponding longitudinal ribs on the bottoms thereof, said grooves and ribs having lateral enlargements constituting (io-engaging key lll members, the ends of said blocks having vertical co-engaging shoulders.

4. A wall structure comprising a plurality of blocks having aligned vertical oles therein running normal to the horizontal course joints, the ends of said holes being vertically grooved, and continuous artition strips disposed in said aligned ho es with their edges 1n supporting engagement with said grooves.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

KENNETH L. SMITH.

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