US1868288A - Typewriting machine - Google Patents

Description

July 19, 1932. A. HAVARD TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed June 7, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 gwomtob July 19, 1932. V RD 1,868,288

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed June 7 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOK:

HT'TOR KEYS- Patented July 19, 1932 UNITED? STATES PATENT OFFICE ALExANDBE mum), or BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, AssIGNoa 'ro LA MONDIALE TYPOLITHO, socnt'ri: coornnnnvn, A COMPANY, or BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

mnwmrnre nacmm:

Application am June 7,1928, Serial It.

be employed for preparing a plate lntended for reproductibn. uch a printing plate however presents the feature that it does not provide a so-called typographical composition, that is to say a composition in which the characters give an exact reproduction of text composed by means of typographical characters having bodies of different thick- 2 nesses (widths) according to the size of the letters to be employed. This disadvantage, which has up to the present time prevented the adoption of typewriting machinesfor composing text to be printed, results from.

2:5 the fact that in most typewriting machines the characters have .bodies of a uniform thickness (width) so that the spaces corresponding to these characters are all exactly thesame.

remove this disadvantage and consequently to provide improved means for obtaining a varying spacing proportional to the thickness of each character so that the type bars can be provided with characters correspond ing absolutely to the-actual typographical characters. 1 g

With this object in view, my invention essentially consists in the special arrangements and combinations bfpartshereinafte'r fully described and pointed out in the appended claims.

On the annexed drawings: Figure lshows diagrammatically in elevation and in section a general arrangement vtrolling the spacing movement.

The object of my present invention is to 283,539, and in Belgium March 15, 1928.

of the control mechanism of a type bar and the spacing mechanism.

Figure 2 isan elevation of the back part of the machine showing the device for con- Figure 3 is a plan view of a part, corre sponding to a section taken along the line III'III in Figure 1 so as to=show in plan the spacing bars and the selectingslot cooperating with these spacing bars.

Figure 4.- is a plan view of the type carry ing members.

Figure 5 is a vertical section to a larger scale of a part of the control mechanism of the. movement of escapement shown in Figure 1.'

Figure 6 is a side elevation corresponding to Figure 5.

The machine chosen for illustration is of a common and well known type and comprises a frame 1, provided with ball bearing channel bars 2 upon which are adapted to slide the front and rear rails 3 of the carriage. frame, which frame is provided at each end thereof with a pair of upwardly extending arms 4, as shown in full lines in Fig. 2, and in dotted lines in Fig. 1, each pair of arms forming between thema slot 4* for guiding the carvriage in its vertical movements. The carriage is designated generally by 5 and includes a typestriking surface 6 in the form of a platen. The carriage carries suitable bearings in which is mounted the main feed roller 7 around which is fed a sheet 7 of paper, rubber or other suitable material which is to receive the imprint of the type. The sheet 7, after passing below the roller 7 is guided between a pair of rollers 8 'toward the platen 6, and after passing in front of the latter-is fed between a pair of rollers 8, one 'of which is driven bysurface contact with a roller 8", which in turn is driven by sur face contact with the main feed roller 7. The carriage also carries theusual sheet metal apron 8 on which the sheet 7 rests and by which it is directed into engagement with the roller 7 It will be understood that the'bearings for all of the, rollers above referred to i are carriediby the frame of the usual movable carriage common in typewriters, and since this portion of'the machine forms no part-of the invention thecarriage frame has been omitted from the drawings The type characters 9 are carried by type 10 bars 10 pivoted at 11 in a segment 12 which is provided with supports 13 having openended slots for connection as indicated at 14 witha supporting, bracket 15, as shown in 1 .Fig. 4, said bracket being integralwith the 15 frame 1- of the typewriter. When the keys are struck the type bars are guided as in all typewriting machines by means of a guide 16 "(Figs 1 and 4) placed in front of the platen 6. ach-type bar is subjected at its end to so the action of a lever 17 upon which acts a rod 18 connectedto abent lever 19 pivoted at 20 upon a support 21. The lever 19 is itself connected bya rod 22 to the control bar 23 carrying. the key 24. Each control bar 23 is 25 pivoted at 25 upon a cross member 26 and is acted uponby areturnspring 27. .In practice 7 7 each type bar 10 is rovided at 9 with a certain number of di erent characters, for ex.- ample capital letters,"small letters, italics,

figures, etc. As usual, one character or another is caused to strike as desired by giving the carriage 5 a lifting or lowering movement in the slots 4.01? the carriage su port by means of any mechanism, a part 0 which is shown in F igurel which comprises a vertical rod 28fpa'ssing through a guide 29 and given a lifting and lowering movement by a fork 30 keyed upon a pivot31 operated from the outside-of the machine by a suitable lever.

40. In the-example shown, the rod 28 acts through the medium of a plate 32 upon a stop 33 carried by a movable carria e 5, so that this carriage can take up any deslred' position in height according to the particular character on the plate 9 which must be made to strike the printing plate passing in front of the platen 6. As these characters are typo-T aphical characters as .employed in printmg, they have difi'erent thicknesses (widths) order to make the movement 'of advance of the carriage, that is to say the spacing, corresponding in each case. to the character struck, it is necess' a varying movement of escapement.

Moreover the spacing .must vary for each type-bar according to the character which is carried bythe bar, since the space corre- ,sponding' to the letter M for example, must be I greater than the. space. corresponding to the pace I and so on for each character considered. 1 g

i For each of the types of. characters (capital letters and small letters, for example) carried by the bar 10 there corresponds a spacng bar and, in the case of different characters ry to give'thecarriage 5' earned by each type bar, as 1s shown, use is made of two similar spacing bars 34 and 35 oscillating upon two pivots 36- 37 extending.

longitudinally at the back of the machine.

Each control bar 23 for a type bar 10 is provided at its end with a strengthening plate 38 which, when the end of the control 'bar is lifted, acts upon the'corresponding spacing bar 34 or 35 through the medium of a stop 39. For each control bar 23 there corresponds, as a consequence, upon each spacing .bar, a similar stop 39 the height of which.

varies from one letter to another so as to communicate, for a given movement of oscil; lation of the control bar 23, a different amplitude of oscillation, to the spacing bar 34 or 35 considered.

Above these spacing bars is disposed a movable slider 40 keyed upon a shaft 41 (Figure 3) carried in' a forked shaft support 42 secured upon the plate 43 extending transsecond similar side plate 48 (Figure 5). The

two side'plates14'l-48 are mounted-by ball bearings 49 upon a spindle end 50 upon which is keyed between the side platesa circular plate. 51 against which presses normally a lever- 52 provided with an eccentric shoe 53.

This lever 52 pivots upon a rod 54 supported by the side plates 47 and 48 and is acted upon by a spring 55 (Figures 2 and 6) which keeps the shoe 53 pressed against the pel iphery of the plate- 51. Further, upon the shaft 50 (Figure 5-) is mounted a plate 56 provided with a friction surface 57 against which presses a plate 58 adapted to move longitudinally upon a sleeve 59 integral with a drum or a plate 60 turning freely upon the shaft 50 and provided at itsperiphery-with a heli-"' calgroove 61 in which passes a cable 62 (Figure 2) making a complete turn round the drum '60 and the ends of which are connected at 63 to lugs depending from one. of the mov fable carriage rails 3.

The plate 58 which is adapted to slide upon (no (Eigure 5) which'keeps it pressed against'the i I the sleeve 59, is acted upon by a spring 64 friction surface 57 of the plate 56 and is adapted "to be displaced axially upon the sleeve 59 by means of a forked lever 65 (Figm a' leverl67 mounted upon a -shaft 68 adapted.

ure' 1), pivoted at66, which. is controlled by to be made to oscillate from the outside of i 'the gamma-by a suitable handle. Further,

the ate 32 controlling the'lifting and lowern? movement ofthe carriage. 5 is provided I sec'ond spacing bar 35.

ment has the effect of acting, upon the rod 71, which, by becoming engagedwith a plate 69 comprising ,projections 70 which can act, when the upward and downward movement of the rod 28 takes place upon a rod 71 displaceable horizontally, which by its other end acts upon a lever 72 oscillating at 73 and exerting, through a roll er 74 a pressure upon the arm 75 of the slider 40 which is held pressed against the roller 74 .by a return spring 76.

The mechanism described operates the following manner If we assume a sheet, intended to serve as a printing page, to be placed in the carriage and passing in front of the plate 6 when one of the keys 24 is lowered, the corresponding control lever 23 produces, through the medium of the rod 22, the lever 19 and the rod 18, the pivotal movement of the type bar so as to bring the type carried at 9 against the platen 6, the type bar becoming situated, at this moment, in the guide 16.

At the same time, if we assume the carriage to be in its highest position, the control bar 23, by becoming raised at its back end, encounters the stop 39 which corresponds to it and makes the spacing bar 34 pivot upon the shaft 36. As at this moment, as a result of the position in height of the carriage, the stop 44 with which the slider 40 is provided, rests upon the first spacing bar 34, the latter in rising makes this slider 40 pivot with the shaft 41 in the support 42 and the lever 45 pushes against the stop 46 carried by a side plate 47.

As a result of thisthe lever 52, provided with a shoe 53, pivots about the shaft without taking with it the plate 51, the shoe 53, as a result of its eccentricity, moving freely upon the eriphery of the plate 51. But as the side p ate 47 is connected by a cable 77 (Figure 2) to a spring drum 78, this movement of the side plates 47 and 48 has the effect of putting the spring 78 under tension so that at the moment when the blow is struck and the key 24 is released, this spring drum 78 exerts a pull upon the side plates 47 and 48 in such a way that the shoe 53 carrying alon the plate 51 makes the shaft 52 turn, whic Edrives through the plate 56 and-the friction 57, the plate 58, which makes the grooved pulley 60 turn, over which passes the cable 62. v

The latter thus displaces the carriage by the desired amount corresponding to the desired spacing.

31 by meansof its control roo. in order to strike another t the type bar 10 t is movement of displaceby the cain 70,

in the hollow of the cam, permits a displacement of the slider 40 in the direction of the arrow so as te bring the stop 44 above the If on the other hand, the carriage 5 is wered by acting upon the shaft e of character carried by.

amplitude of oscillation of the slider beingmodified by the difference .in length'of the stop 39 carried by thesecond spacing bar 35.

If it is desired to move the carriage backwards, it is suflicient to act, by the control lever connected to the shaft 68, upon the lever 67 which, through the medium of the lever 65, disengages the friction plate 56 from the plate 58, so that at this moment the carriage can be moved without taking with it the plate 56 and consequently independently from the spacing movement.

The spacing bars 34 and 35 naturally are each provided with as many stops 39 as there are control bars 23 and consequently type bars 10 in the machine, and each of these stops comprises a projection corresponding to the spacing movement necessitated by the thickness (width) of' the typographical character carried by the type bar 10. In the case when the type bar carries a number of types of characters or signs which is greater than two, the number of spacing bars corresponds to this number of characters and the lifting and lowering movement of the carriage is provided with a cam 70 adapted to ma e the lever 72 occupy, through the medium of the rod 71, different positions bringing in succession the slider 40 'andits tstops 44 above the corresponding spacing The machine is obviously provided with all accessories permitting its normal use. It may be provided with inking devices if it'is intended to employ it as a simple typewriting machine or as a machine for composing text The printing plate may also be constructed in to be reproduced by lithographic printing. 9

such a way as to permit its direct use of ordinary typographical printing.

In view of the variation in spacing according to the thickness (width; of the typographical characters carrie by the type bars 10, the text reproduced is always identical with the lithographic text composed by plate '61 is revented by a second eccentric shoe 80 hel ressed against this plate by a bar 81 forming a counter weight so as to prevent any movement of the carriage when the side plates .47 and 48 oscillate at the -moment""the" spacing mechanism becomes cocked for producing 'a space. If it is a question of producing typographical printing plates the characters may be engraved backwards and the movement of the carriage may be the reverse of that corresponding to the ordinary direction of writing.

What I claim is: Y

1. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a frame, a carriage adapted to receive a printing plate and sliding on the said frame,

, a striking surface provided on the said carriage, type bars, sets of typographical characters of varying thickness carried by said.

type bars, means whereby the said striking surface is adapted to be struck by the said types, means whereby the type bars are guided when struck against the striking surface, means whereby a lifting and lowering movement is given to the said carriage to bring the carriage into position for using a respective set of characters, a control key or each of the type bars, spacing bars for each set of characters and on which act the said 'control keys, stops of different heights, proand adapted to be displaced automatically by the lifting and lowering movement of the carriage, whereby the selection of the spac ing bar corresponding to the type of character to be struck is effected.

2. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a frame, a carriage adapted to receive a printing plate and to slide on the said frame, a striking surface provided on the said carriage, type bars on which sets of typographical characters of varying thickness are mounted, means whereby the said striking surface is adapted to be struck by the said types,

4 means whereby the type bars are guided when struck against. the striking surface, means whereby a lifting or lowering movement is given to the said carriage to bring the car-' riage into position for using a respective set of characters, a control, key for each of the type bars, spacing bars foreach set of characters and on which act the said control keys,

a shaft, an escapement'movement, a slider mounted on the said shaft and adapted to be interposed between the spaclng bar corresponding to the type of character to be struck andthe escapement vement, and adapted to be displaced automatically by the lifting and lowering movement. of the carriage,

whereby the selectionof thespacing bar corresponding tothe typeof character to be struck is effected, meanswhereby a movement of oscillation is given to the said selecting slider from the'spacing bar, a lever keyedon the end of the said shaft, a wheel, a cable, connectedtothe said wheel and to the car- 3. In a typewriting machine, in combina- I tion, a frame, a carriage adapted to receive a printing plate and to slide on the said frame, a striking surface provided on the said carriage, means whereby the material serving for the formation of the printing plate is guided, type bars, sets of typographical characters of varying thickness mounted on the said type bars, means whereby the said striking surface is adapted to be struck by the said types, means whereby a lifting and lowering movement is given to the said carriage to bring the carriage into position for using a respective set of characters, a control key for each of the type bars, spacing bars for each type of characters, and on which act the said control keys, a shaft, a slider mounted on said shaft and adapted to be movable by the spacing bar corresponding to the type of character to be struck and adapted to be displaced automatically by the lifting and lowering movement of the carriage whereby the selection of the spacing bar corresponding to the type of character to be struck is effected, means whereby a 'movement of oscillation is given to the said selecting slider from the spacing bar, a lever keyed on the end of thesaid shaft, a second shaft, a friction plate on the said second shaft, two side plates adapted to pivot about the said second shaft, an eccentric shoe carried by the said side plates and adapted to engage and rotate said friction plate when said shoe is driven in one direction by the said side plates,

a spring drum whereby the said side plates,

are acted upon and whereby the movement of the carriage is produced. at the moment the key serving for striking the character is released.

a printing plate and to slide on the said frame,

means whereby the material serving for the formation of the printing plate is guided, typebars, sets, of typographical characters of varying tliickness mounted on the said t 'e bars, means whereby the said striking sur ace is adapted to be struck yv the said types,

means whereby the type b s are guided when struck against the striking surface, a vertical rod, a lever acting on the said rod, whereby a lifting and lowering movement is given to the said rod and also tothe carriage to bring the carriage into position for using a respective set of characters, a cam on which acts the said rod,a horizontal rod, a lever adapted to be oscillated, a slider, means whereby the said lever is adapted to act on the said slider, spacing bars in a number corresponding to the number of sets of characters to be struck, means whereby the said slider is adapted to be movable by the spacing bar corresponding to the set of characters to be struck, a control key for each of the type bars, the keys acting on the said type bar and means including a, friction clutch whereby the movement of the spacing bars is adapted to be transmitted to the carriage.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature. ALEXANDRE

Images