US1857199A - Combination lock - Google Patents

Description

May 10, 1932.

S. KONAT COMBINATION LOCK Filed June 23, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet l a? i .m

May 10, 1932- s. KONAT COMBINATION LOCK Filed June 25. 1930 SSheets-Sheet 2 I NV EN TOR.

5 7mm EY Kan/r7".

A TTORNE May 10, 1932. V 5 KQNAT 1,857,199

COMBINATION LOCK Filed June 23, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 5 5 I a p STANLEY fformr.

32 24 51' 26 27 BY ATTORNE Patented May 10, 1932 nnrrsn STATES STANLEY KONAT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

COMBINATION Loon Application filed June 23,

This invention relates to looks, and particularly combination locks.

An object of theinvention is to equip a lockvtion of an escutcheon plate, showing anopenwith a plurality of pivotal bolts and adapt them for control in unison through a ma nipulation of tumblers, according to a predetermined combination.

Another object is to so engage the doorcarried and frame-carried members of a lock in as to prevent their disengagement by a jimmy or the like applied between the door and frame.

A further object is to adapt a combination lock to be readily operated in the dark by causing any angular advance of the tumblers to produc-ea proportionate number of clicks, and to provide means for determining by sound and touch the initial point from which the combination may be worked.

Still another object is to form the face plate of a lock casing with bolt-receiving slots, whereby the bolts may swing between locked and unlocked positions,'and to associate with the bolts sliding closures for said slots, preventing access to the lock mechanism through said slots.

These and various other objects the invention attains by the construction hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompany an in drawings: Fig. l is a fragmentary perspective view of the outer face of a door equipped with the improved lock, showing also a portion of the door frame, mounting a keeper for said lock.

Fig. 2 is aview of the lock, with the cover plate of its casing removed and the bolts in looking position.

Fig. 8 is a similar view with the bolts in unlocked position. c

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of the improved lock, taken upon the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and showing a portion of the door wherein the lock is mortised. 1

Fig. 5 is a view of the lock with the cover of its casing removed, showing. the unlocking position of the bolts as established by manipulation of the tumblers, certain of the parts being in section. Fig. 6 is a perspective View of the bolts 1930. Serial No. 462,948.

together with a pair of associatedbell crank levers.

Fig. 7 is a perspective View of the top poring therein for engagement by a stop element to determine proper initial point of tumbler actuation.

Fig.8 is a viewin elevation of the tumblers of the improved lock.

Fig. 9 is an elevational viewoof one of a set of sheet metal spacers, adapted to separatethe tumblers. I

Fig. 10 is a view of thelock with the easing cover, the tumblers and certain other parts removed to show a means for producing 5 clicks to indicate the angular advance of the tumblers.

Fig. 11 is an axialsectional vie'wof the tumbler-actuating knob, showing the same under pressure to establish the proper initial, 7 tumbler actuating position.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken upon the line 1212 of, Fig. 2, and primarily showing sliding closures for the face-plate slots which accommodate the bolts. 7 f

Fig 13 is a sectional View of the tumbleractuating knob, taken upon the ,line 1313 of Fig. 4.

*Fig. 14 is a fragmentary section" of said knob and the adjacent escutcheon' plate, taken on the line 14.-14 of Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is'a perspective view of-the inside door handle stem. 9

In these views, the reference character 1 designates a lock casing attached to the rear of a face plate 2 and mortised into a door 20;, as is common practice. One of the side walls 3 of said casing forms 'a cover plateremov-' ablefor access to the lock mechanism, and is normally attached to the casing by screws 4 or thelike. c

A pair of similar bolts 5, occupying the top and bottom portions of the casing, are adapted to swing from locking positions (Fig. 2) in which they are substantially horizontal and parallel to unlocking positions (Figs. 3 and 5) in which they are slightly divergent. Said bolts pass through slots 6 in the faceplate 2, sufiicientlyvertically'elongated to afford the desired angular travel of the bolts, and

the forward ends of the latter are adapted, when the door is closed, to engage in angular slots 7 in a keeper plate 8 to effect locking. Said plate is so secured to the door frame 9 as to occupy a transverse relation to the bolts when the door is closed, orsubstantially so. The slots 7, as best appear in Fig. 1, have entrance portions interrupting a vertical edge of the plate 8, and bolt-retaining portions extending toward each other from said entrance portions. That edge of the plate 8 encountered by the bolts as the door is closed is beveled, as indicated at 10, to guide the bolts into said entrance portions. I

In order thatthe bolts may not be disengaged frOmthe slots 7,'by jimmying the door away from the keeper plate, the bolts are preferably terminallyformed with enlarged heads 11 engagea-ble behind the keeper plate, as best appearsin Fig. 2. y

The rear ends of the bolts are pivoted upon pins 12, rigidly carried by the casing, and each further pivotally mounting a bell crank lever 13, 14, preferably a sheet-metal stamp ing. The arms 13 0f the two bell cranks underlie the bolts 5, and the arms 14 project toward each other, one slightly overlapping the other, and the latter having a finger 15 projecting toward the face plate.

The arms 13 are each formed with a flange 16 bent to lie adj acent to the inner face of the corresponding bolt, and a coiled spring 17 extends from each flange 16 through a slot 18 of the corresponding bolt to the marginal wall of the casing, tending to rock the bell cranks and bolts inunison and thereby establish the unlocked positions of the bolts (Fig.5). I w H A pair of coiled springs 19 further connect each flange 16 to the bent end 20 of a plate 21 rigidly secured to eachbolt and projecting upwardly and downwardly from the same; The function of the'springs 19 is to yieldably resist unlocking travel of the bolts, relative to the arms 14 and to return the bolts, after any such travel to their locking positions, when relieved of manual actuating effort. 7

Midway betwen the two bolts, there is journaled in the fixed side wall of the casing a co 'leetive' engagement spaced apertures 29 in the wheel 23. Said pin also projects at the other side of said disk'to engagev in arcuate slots 30 formed in the disks 25, 26and 27, and differing incirg a bushing 22, integrally or otherwise rigidly carrying a toothed wheel 23 interiorly adjacent to said side wall. Upon said bushing, adjacent to said wheel,is journaled a plurality of coaxialtumbler disks, four thereof being employed'in the illustrated construction and being designated respectively 24,25, 26, and

The disk 24 turns in unison with said bushandprojecting at one side of the disk for sein circumferentially cumferential extent. (See Fig. 8.) The tumblers 25, 26 and 27 are further each formed with a marginal notch 31, said notches being registrable with each other and with the finger 15 in certain rotational positions of said tumblers to permit actuation ofthe bell cranks 13, 14 by the springs 17 to the positions shown in Fig. 5. In undergoing such travel, the bell cranks carry the bolts 5 to their divergent or unlocking positions, which likewise appear in Fig. 5. The disk 24 has a minor portion of its periphery of a reentrant cam form, as indicated at 32, said portion beingrequired to register with the notches and the finger 15 to permit bolt unlocking rocking of the bell cranks. The func-- tion of the cam-forming disk 24 is primarily to shift the finger 15 clear of the notches 31. preliminary to a shifting of the remaining tumblers from their set positions.

I The bushing 22'is keyed as indicated at 33 upon the cylindrical stem 34 of a tumbleractuating knob 35. Said stem extends through the casing 1 and door 2a, carrying said knob adjacent to the outer face of the door, as best appears in Fig. 4.

A vertically elongated escutcheon plate 36 is secured by screws 37 or the like to the outer face of the door between the latter and said knob, the lower portion of said plate preferably carrying a handle 38 of any suitable design for opening and closing the door. Formed in the plate 36 behind the knob 35 is a shortslot 39 arced about the axis of the knob and having a radial end 39a, its other end being preferably rounded and beveled, as best appears in Figure 14, between the front and rear faces of said plate. Slidable upon and surrounding said knob is a ring 40 normally urged by a plurality 'of coiled. springs 41 against an abutment plate 42 carried by and laterally projecting from the outer end of the limit" clockwise rotation of the knob when said pin is entered in said slot, the initial position for setting the'tumblers being thus established. I

' Between the adjacent tumbler disks 24, 25, 26 and 27 are interposed spacer plates 45 of thin sheet metal,preven ting frictional actuation of one tumbler by another. Said plates are preferably of the form best illustrated in Figure 9, having arcuate arms for engagement between the tumblers," the ends of said arms being spaced in such permanent register free travel toward the tumblers.

tration with the finger 15 as to a fl'ord the lat- Said spacer plates are maintained in their positions of use through their engagement with a pair of pins 46 projecting rigidly from thefixed side wall of the casing.

The teeth of the wheel 23 are engaged by the free end of a spring arm 47, best shown in Figure 10, the other end of which is an: chored to the casing at 48. Thus there is produced a series of clicks when the wheel 23 is actuated, affording measurement by ear of the angular advance of the knob 35 in either direction. 1

The stem 34 projects beyond the inner'face of the door 203 and has sleeved upon this projecting portion the tubular stem 49 of an inside door handle 50. The latter is formed in its back face with a central cavity 51 into which the stem 34 terminally projects, disengagement of the two'stems being prevented by a pin 52 carried by said stem in said cavity. This arrangement, it will be noted, permits free relative rotation of the stems 34 and 49. I p

The stem 49 has upon its inner end a diametral tongue 53 which, in the position of use of said stem, fits into a diametral slot '54 in a collar 55 freely journaled in the stem 34 and carrying a cam 56' of approximate T- shape.

Upon rocking of the handle 50 in either direction, the cam 56 engages the inner ends of the plates 21, shifting both bolts to their unlocking positions, as best appears in Figure 3. The bell cranks 13, 14 do not participate in this travel of the bolts, being held station.- ary by engagement of the finger 15 with the edges of the tumbler disks. Upon release of the handle 50,the coiled springs 19 retract said bolts to their normal parallel relation. Between the tumblers and the cam 56 there is preferably interposed a sheet metal plate 57 held from rotation by the pins 46. Said plate engages the stem 34 and bears against the inner end of the bushing 22, thus protecting the tumblers against any disturbance by actuation of the cam 56. r

An escutcheon plate 58 is applied to th interior face of the door surrounding the stem 49, and preferably a sleeve 59 is integrated with said plate to journal and conceal the stem 49.

The slots 6 of the face plate 2 are preferably safeguarded to prevent tampering with the lock mechanism by an implement inserted through said slots. Thus, a pair of slide plates 60, mounted interiorly adjacent to the face plate 2, are apertured to accommodate the bolts 5, said slide plates being suitably held against the face plate and moving with the bolts in their rocking travel.

In use of the described lock, when the inside handle 50 is turned,'the sleeve 59 turns therewith, and through its tongue and slot connection to the collar 55 rocksthe T-shape'd cam 56. The forward end of the latter thereby exerts a direct outward thrust upon one of the plates 21, and the rear end of said cam engages and thrusts outward the plate 20 carried by the other bolt, the position then assumed by the parts being exemplified in Figure 3.. During such operation, the two bell crank levers 13, 14 maintain their normal positions, being held from movement by the tumbler disks bearing against the finger 15.

35 is initially rotated clockwise, inward pressure being at the same time applied to the ring 40. The pin 44 enters the slot 39,upon

registration with the latter, and its plane face then encounters the radial end 39a of said slot, establishing the initial tumbler-setting position. The operator now relieves pressure onthe ring. 40, which responsive to the springs 41 disengages the pin 44 from the slot 39. The knob 35 is now rocked back and forth predetermined distances, as is well known in theart, the desired angular advances being, however, determined entirely by the clicks produced by the teeth of the wheel 23 in escaping past the spring 47. This rocking of the knob first acts through the pin 28 on the tumbler 27 (which has the longest arcuate slot 30) to register the notch 31 of said tumbler with the finger 15. A reverse angular advance of the knob 35 then actuates the tumbler 26 to similarly register its notch 31 with said finger. A further reversal in the direction of actuation of the knob 35 sim' ilarly brings the notch 31 ofthe tumbler 25 into proper position, and a finally reversed actuation of said knob registers the reentrant I earn. portion of the disk 24 with the previously registered notches. Immediately thereupon, the spring 17 takes effect upon the two bell crank levers to shift the sameas -apv tages primarily stated ,it is to be understood that the invention is susceptible to variation, modificationand change within the spirit and scope of the subjoined claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim is: p

1. Ina combination-lock, a casing. a bolt pivoted in and projecting from said casing, a-keeper plate formed with a marginal- 1y opening entrance p'ortion for said bolt and is; ralitv of coaxial tumblers resistingresponse urging said bolt angularly toward registration with said entrance'portion, a plurality of coaxial tumblers ournaled in said casing and resisting response of the bolt to said spring means, and means for setting said tumblers comprising an actuating element eX- terior to said casing; e i 2. In a combination look, a casing, a bolt journaled in and projecting from said casing, a bell crank lever copivot'al with said bolt, having a flange on one of its arms projecting along side of said bolt, and'terminal ly carrying upon its other arm a finger 'pro- 'jecting transversely to said arm, a spring acting on said flange tending to rock said bell crank in a direction'to shift said bolt to an unlocking position, a pluralityot tumblers coaxially pivoted in said casing and normally peripherallyengaged by said finger to obstruct response of said bell crank to said spring, said tumblers having notches registrable with each other and with'said linger to allow response of the bell crank to the spring, and means for setting said tumblers 'comprising'an aetuating element disposed ex- 'teriorly of said casing.

3. In a combination look, a casing, a bolt pivoted in sai'dcasing, and projecting therefrom, a member co-pivotal with said bolt between the bolt and a side wall of the casing. and formed with a flange projecting transversely to said side wallffor actuating the bolt to an unlocking position through the pivotal travel of said member, a spring actpositionof the bolt, a plurality of tumblers normally peripherally engagingsaid flanged member to resist its response to said spring andregistrable with each other in a certain position to permit such response, and means for setting said tumblers comprising an actuating element disposed exteriorly' to said casing. f

4. In a combination lock, a casing, a bolt pivoted in and projecting from said casin a coiled spring acting on said bolt within said casing to establish its unlocking position, a plurality of tumblers normally peripherally opposing travel of said bolt responsive to said spring. and registrable with each other in a certain position to permit such travel, means for settin said tumblers com risin an aci b 2::

tuating element disposed exteriorly to-said casing at one side thereof, and means'for actuating said bolt independently ofsaid tumblersaccessible from the other side of said casing. e

5.'In a combination lock, a casing, a pair of bolts pivoted in and terminally projecting fromsaid casing, means yieldably urgingsaid bolts angularly to unlocking positions, a pluing on said flange to establish the unlocking tumblers, actuating means for said cam car-" ried by said casing exteriorly of and at one side of the casing, and means for setting said tumblers carried by said casing exteriorly of and at the other side of said casing.

6. In a combination lock, a casing, a pair of bolts spaced apart within said casing and pivotally movable to and from'each other,

a p'air'of members, each 'copivotal with one of said bolts, said members being effective on said bolts to movethem from each other,

means yieldably urging said members in a direction to efiect movement of the bolts from Leach other, a plurality ofcoaxi-al tumblers adapted to restrain said members from response to said urging means, means actuable Ffrom-one side ofsaid casing for setting said tumblers in non-restraining positions, and

means actuable from the other side'of said casing for moving said bolts apart, independently of said members copivotal withthe' bolts.

7. In a lock, the combination with a door and its frame, of a headed bolt pivoted upon the door for up and down swinging movement, a keeper plate upon the door frame,

sition, the bolt head in said position restraining the bolt from Withdrawal from the plate in a direction transverse to said plate.

In testimony whereof Isign this specifica-

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