US1851610A - Safety apparatus for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

March '29, 1932. 1,851,610

SAFETY APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES N. E. WERNBERG Filed Aug. 28, 1928 m m m V. m mW M i A z .e M W w l m E m 0Q V l I I l I I I I I l l l I l a Q Auk .wJ g u R gm N QM gm m DA EN 1% a NN N T N o .I ll. r\ ,1 I a I I J A w w: Q G g Q m 3w QM U n i r U mkw \M 3m i means or pumping apparatusB which hasa fuel pump cylinder for each cylinder of the Patented Mar. 1932 nrnns E. wEnNBERG, or FRANKLIN;rnNnsYLvnniA, ASSIGNOR roiorrioiieorunu- MATIC TOOLCOMIBANY, on NEW YORK, u. A coa-researc er unwisnsni' V SAFETY Ar'rnnarus F012 inr'nnu rn oivinus rioir EuGiNiis;

Application filed "August as, 1s28. Se ria1 N'o. 302,505.

This invention relates to prime movers particularly internal combustion engines of the type WillClillfiVG force feed circulat on of a medium adapted to lubricate orto cool the engine.

One object of the invention is to provide" apparatus for stopping'tlie engine in the event of failure or seriousimpairment of the circulating system. Another ob' ect is to make such apparatus simple and readily applicable to both old and new'engiiies.- Another object is to secure positive operation-of such apparatus. Further objects will b'e app'arent from the detailed description which follows. In order to illustrate the invention, one

concrete embodiment thereof is shown in the" accompanying drawings in which 7:

Fig. '1 is a side elevational view of an'internal combustion engine equipped with the invention;

' Fig.2 is a side elevational view partly cut awayof the lower portion of the fuel feeding means disclosed in Fig, 1; a V. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectionalview sub- I stantially on the line 33 ofFig. 2and showing a portion ofthe top or-cylinder m b of the fuel feeding device; 1 i

The embodiment of theinventioii chosen for the purpose ofill'ustration is shown in relation to a multi-cylinder prime inover A of the internalcombus'tion type. Thejengin'e shown is of thesix cylinder Diesel type, pro vided adj acent 1 one end with fuel, feeding engine. through This circuit may be either the water cooling system or the force feed lubricating system.

' In the presentinstancethe lubricating syste is the one illustrated and comprises an engine-driven lubricant I pump 4 which" dis-. charges through a pipe 5 into lubricant manifold 6 extending the length of the engine and also adapted to be supplied manually with lubricant under pressure. when the en-H gine is to be started througha hand-operated pump which discharges into manifold 6 thi'oughpipe 8. A i e In order to protectthe engine against dam-- The engine "also providesa'circuit. which a liquid medium is circulated.

,stop the engine by'mechanismnowl'tdbe dey 7 i i V 1001' "age which may resultfrom operating ith I f an insufficient supply ordistribution of :lubricant; means are provided for {automatically stoppiiigthe engine ll'ltlle event of' loss of "pressure in the lubricating. circuit. 1 The means for this purpose arepdisclosed in detail 111F1g$22l11d 3. ''The safety device, as. shown,

is applied to the ifue'l pump apparatus. and

is arranged to: render the same inoperative when the lubricantpressure falls to a predetermined minimum. .To thlS end a reciprocable shaft 9-is mounted inbearings 10 and 11 in the base of fuel pumping apparatus B.

12 which'isthreaded into an opening in the base of the pumping apparatus and provides a chamber 12a which ispartlyclosed by a perforatedplate 13 having a threaded extensioi 13a to which is secureda cylindrical cap 14. Shaft 9 extends through chamber 12a,

through the perforation in plate 13 and into thechamber provided by :cap '14:, a head 15 being suitable pinned orr'otherwise secured Bearing 10 is provided by a cylinder member to, the extreme end ofv shaft 9, Interposed 7 between head 15 and plate, 13 is a heavy coil spring 16. which normally: urges and inaintains shaft 9 at thelimit of its movement to r he right. Shaft 9has a key 130engaging' a close sliding fit in chamber 121m The right hand side ofpistoii 17; is arranged .to besub- 1ected to the pressure in the force feed lubri eating system of engineA throughgan inlet 7 pipe 18 which connects with n -anifoldd (Fig. 1) A drain 19 takes care ofany leakage slot 136 in plate 13 to prevent the shaft from turning and has a pistonl'? which makes 90 if past piston 17 by conducting it by apipe 19" V into the cam housing of engine A. Lubri-' cating oil pressure which reaches chamber:

12athrough the perforation or bore in plate 13 thrust against piston 17 thereloy overcom- J ing and compressing spring 16, and move s" shaft: 9 to, the'left'to the position shown in 'Fig. 2 andmaintains it in this'position. If for any reason the w oil pressure drops below the minimum allowed by spring 16,-; the latterwi'llovercome the oil pressure and move shaft Qitothefright. This movement will scribed.

I Shaft 9 hasa series of cuts or notches 20,

a, 20?), 200, 2055 and. 20c, six in number,

correspondingtosthe number of fuel pump;

and engine cylinders. These notches, in the running position-of the, eng ne 2 re-. celve corresponding andcooperatn'ig plung ers 21,21a, 21?), 210, 2lcl'and 216 with a clear.-

ance. Immediately to the left of the notches are slants or cam 'surfaces22, 22a,22b, 22c, 22d 1' and 226 which engage-and-lift the plungers when spring .16 moves shaft 9 to the right.

- Since the plungers and'them'echanism actuated thereby are the same for each pump cyl-.

inder, description of one will'sufh'ce, the sec- -tion..sho.wn in, Fig. 3 corresponding to a sec- "'ti'on. through any, one ofthe sin plungers.

. -"Plunger 21 is; differential in fornrand makes a close sliding fit in 'thediiierential. bore of a guide member, 23., which extends. through the wall of the fuel chamber 24: of the pumping apparatus. Plunger2l has a centralbore n receiving, in partly telescoping engagement and with a close sliding fit, a second plunger member 25, which is provided with a head a. Interposed between head 25a andplung er 21 and encircling the stem of plunger 25 isa coil spring 26fwhich establishes a resilient connection between the. two plungers and yieldingly'resists Zfurther telescoping enjffgagementof the same. The plungers. are disposed directly beneath the inlet valve-a which r is normally held closed by. a spring I) which is 1 sufiiciently; light to en'able'the inlet valve to suction: operated. The opening of inlet valve'a admits fuel toipassage .cwhich 8X1 tends to the fuel pump 1 andthe, amount of the fuel admitted, which ,becOmesavailable for the cylinder charge may be, arrangedto be variedinaccordance withthe usual prac= type indicated at d.

-. tice by governor control means'of any suitable,

'Frointhe aboveitwill-ebe apparent that" when the oil pressure fails and spring ,16'

* I moves: shaft-'9to the right, cam surface 22 Will engage plunger 21 and move the. latter together'withplunger 25 supported thereby.

f into contact with tliesteniend of inletvalve Y a, overcommgthesprmg Z) and forc ng and holding the lnletvalveopen so that thereis mere surging orby-passing of the fuel: aroundinlet valve a and none of the charge reaches the engine cylinder, thus stoppingthe lengine. The function of the resilient-telee scoping connection of the first and second --plunger-members 21: and 25 is to enable shaft 9 to move to theright when one 'or more of 'f the' inlet valve s a is'suhjected momentarily to a heavy pressure through the action' of the P mp Piston (not shoWn'lJ lnsu'ch an 111- :20

stationary'after engaging the end of valve stant the'upper plunger remainssubstantially a,'theinovement ofthejlower plunger 21 be, 1

"ing permittedby the telescoping engagement of the two plungers and the resilienticonnec.

tion provided byv spring 26. The-inlet valves I P ur nsa ir uit .comp

not'subject to heavy pressure will be opened and the engine will stop. The long bearing.

surfaces between first plunger 21 andits guide 23 and between second plunger 25 and first. plunger 21 with the. tight fits therein main,

taining,1 preve nt'leakage offuel from chamber 24. .The camshaft 27 shown .inFig/ as extending through fuel chamber 24 and 'which is' similar in all respects. to shaft 9, is

arranged formanual operationtoenable the operator to stop the engine at will by by-passing the fuel around the inlet valve. v

WVhile apreferred form of the invention has'been herein shown and, described, it is to be understood that the invention 1S not limitedto the specific details thereof but covers all changes, 1 1nodiiica tions, and adaptations within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention; v p

1. The-combination with an internalcom- .bustion engine having a force'feed circulatsure in said system for affecting the fuel supply to the engine comprising a re'ciprocable'shaft, a by-pass valve forthe fuel supply,

and aplunger having relatively yieldable.

p arts actuated bysaid sh-aft for opening said valve. i

.ing systenn of means controlled by the pres- I 2. Tlie corhbiriation with an internal com bustion': engine havinga force feed circulating systelmofmeans controlled by the pressure .in said system for affecting the fuel supply tothe engine comprising a by-pass valve for v the fuelsupply,a shaft in line with the axis ing system, of means controlled by thepresf sure in said system-for affecting the fuel sup ,ply to-the engine comprising.a'reciprocable shaft, a by-pass valve .for the fuel supply movable in adirection' transverse to theniove- -m-ent of said shaft, :and a resilient plunger I actuated by said shaft for OPSIllIlgSillCl valve.

.- A. The combination. with aninternal combustion engine having aforce feed circulatingsystem, of means controlled by the pres:

surein said system for affecting the fuel supply to theengine comprising a recip'rocable shaft, a by-passfvalve for the fuel supply, a r

multi-part plunger arranged tobe actuated by said'shaft for opening said valve, and a. 1

resilient connection between the parts of said I plunger.

5. Thecombination with an internal com- 'bllShlOIl engine hav ng aplurality of cylinders, fuel feedingmeans for each: of said ylinders and a circuitthrough which a liquid mediumis circulated under pressure, of V means for stopping the engine upon loss of f ,i i A P cable shaft subjected to the pressurein said circuit, a series of inlet valves for the fuel feeding means movable transversely of the axis of sa1d shaft, and means assoclated with said shaft for opening all of said valves simul taneously.

6. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, fuel feeding means for each of said cylinders and a circuit through which a'liquid medium is circulated under pressure, of means for stopping the engine upon lossfof pressure in said circuit comprising a reciprocable shaft subjected to the pressure in said circuit, a series of inlet valves for the'fuel feeding means, and means controlled by said shaft for simultaneously opening all of said valves but ermitting one or more ofthem to remain c osed without interfering with the opening of the other valves. 7 v

7. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylin ders, fuel feeding means for each of said cylinders anda circuit throughwhich a liquid medium is circulated under pressure, of means for stopping the engine upon loss of pressure in said circuit comprising a recipro cable shaft subjected to the pressure insaid circuit, a series of inlet valves for the fuel feeding means, said shaft being movable transversely of the axisof said valves, and

means actuated by said shaft including a series of plungers for simultaneously opening said valves.

'8. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylin ders, fuel feeding means for each of said cylinders and a circuit through which a liquid.

medium is circulated under pressure, of means for stopping the engine upon loss of pressure in said circult comprising a reciprocable'shaft subjected to the pressure in said circuit, a series of inlet valves forthe fuel feeding means, and a series ofplungers actuk 'ated by said shaft for "openingsaid valves,

each plunger being resilientlycontractable to permit one or more of sa1d valves to re-v main closed without interfering with the movement of said shaft. l

9. The combination'with an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, fuel feeding means for each of said cylinders and a circuit through which a liquid medium is circulated under pressure, of means for stopping the engine upon loss of pressure in said circuit comprising a reciprocable shaft subjected to the pressure in said circuit, a series of inlet valves for the fuel feeding means, a series of plungers for en gaging said valves, said shaft being disposed beneath said plungers and movable transversely thereof, and a series of cams on said shaft for engaging said plungers to move the latter to open said valves. a

10. In combination with a fuel pump for a Diesel engine a suction operated inlet valve f r id: p p, man arranger-c n ge Said valye 'tolopenfthe same and render the pump noperative, 1 a jrec'iprocable ,shaft l ,foi."

actuating saidkfmeans, resilient means'lfor f inoying said: shaft 1 ,valve opening position, nd man -tte a d bs iect ie P i sure fluid to overcome said resilient m an and leav'e'said valvefree to operate.

11.; In combination witha ;f

pump for a Die'sel engine a suction operated inlet valve for saidpump, meansfarr'anged 'toengag'e, t

said'valve toi openfthe 'sameiand render the pump inoperative, a reciprocable shaft for actuatingsaid'means, a,springfor moving said shaftto valve opening position, fch am b'er forpressure fluidladj acent meanssubjecting [said shaft't {the -thrust of pressurelfiuid lint saidffcharnberfto overcome spring 1 and leave said valve free to op crate. p

12, Injcombinationwitha fuel pump for a Dieselfengine' a suction operatedinletvalve for said pump, j ine ansf arranged gt'o' engage said, valve to open; the same and render; the

pump "inoperative, reciprocable shaft for said shaft, and

actuating said means, agsp rin for moving said shaft to-1valve;op.ening; position, I and a piston on said shaft'arran'ged to besubjected to pressure fluid to o-vercomesaid spring and leave said valve free to operate. 7

13. The combination with a multi-cylinder fuel pump for a multi-cylinder Dieselengine, f a suction actuated inlet valve for each of said pump cylinders, plungers arranged toengage said valves to move the same to open position means' movable transversely of sa1d plungers foractuatmg the same, and opposed resilient and fluid pressuremeans for actuatingsaid means. H V j 14. The combination with a multicylinder fuel pump for a multi-cylinder Diesel engine, 7 a suction actuated inlet valve for". each of said pump cylinders, plungers arranged to ice engage said valves to move'the same to open a of said chamber, aplunger slidably supported by said member, a second plunger in telescoping engagement wlth said ,firstplunger, a resilient connection between said plungers, and meansfor actuating said first plunger to cause said second plunger to engage sa1d valve.

16. The combination with a fuel pump'for a Diesel engine, said pumpproviding a fuel chamber, a valve controlling the fuel passing i from said chamber to the 'pump proper,,a

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