US1840399A - Sized paper and method of making same - Google Patents

Sized paper and method of making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US1840399A
US1840399A US343838A US34383829A US1840399A US 1840399 A US1840399 A US 1840399A US 343838 A US343838 A US 343838A US 34383829 A US34383829 A US 34383829A US 1840399 A US1840399 A US 1840399A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
paper
soap
iodine number
less
carbon atoms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US343838A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerould T Lane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE368197D priority Critical patent/BE368197A/xx
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US343838A priority patent/US1840399A/en
Priority to GB22439/29A priority patent/GB332743A/en
Priority to FR691394D priority patent/FR691394A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1840399A publication Critical patent/US1840399A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a new and proved method for the manufacture of engine or beater sized paper.
  • sion will on development show f0 It has hitherto been impossible to manufacture from any fiber, however purified, an engine or heater. sized paper having great durability, that is, a paper-that does not deteriorate or oxidize with age.
  • One test or efiect of the oxidation or degeneration of the pa er is that if a sensitive photographic emulsion is left in contact with tbepaper, particularl under humid or heated COIldltlOIIS, the emu ,evidently the result of such oxidation. T is may be utilized as a measure of the oxidation.
  • the formation and presence of considerable such fog obviously renders a paper unfit for use for photographic purposes, either as a support for sensitive layers or as a wrapping malow iodine number,
  • the fiber can be any cellulose of high 9.1 hacellulose content," preferably greater t an ninety per cent. Wood. pul fiber purified to the above extent gave the est results, as a greater degree of sizingwas obtained with its use.
  • acids capable of being saponified whether obtained from waxes, fats, or produced synthetically by hydrogen ation of unsaturated compounds, can be used in this process if they have been freed from unsaturated compounds so that they haves iow iodine number.”
  • Fatty aeidsof higher molecular weight give the best results for sizing purposes.
  • the known natural waxes include saturated and unsaturated com ounds and'when utilized for the sizing 0 papers do not protect the fibers from deterioration. However, by the removal of the unsaturated and oxidizable compounds the saturated acids of the waxes may be rendered available.
  • the iodine number is a measure of the extent to which the material will take up oxygen and is, therefore, a very useful determinant of the extent to which the fiber will later deteriorate or oxidize in the presence of the size.
  • the product made as above described can be differentiated from-other sized papers by its non-fogging action on photographic plates or emulsions when placed in contact therewith for a long period of time under ordinary conditions or for shorter periods of time when incubated at 120? F. or above.
  • this fogging action is increased by exposure of the paper to be tested, which is, of course, unsensitized, to light prior to the test.
  • This plate test is in fact a convenient and satisfactory method of measuring the useful life or lasting quality of any paper.
  • This process is of the utmost value from a practical standpoint for with its use a paper can be produced of the greatest durability and with no deteriorating effect when near detectible fog on the developed or in contact with sensitized photographic emulsions. Also owing to the fact that the best sizing results are obtained when this process is used with sulphite pulp, a paper can be made by this process using purified sulphite pulp of an alpha-cellulose content greater than 90% which is more durable than any beater-sized paper produced from linen or cotton or any other fiber of which-I have knowledge.
  • the paper produced has improved strength and flexibility, has a fine smooth surface, and high resistance to chemicals, moisture, oily substances, heat, light and combinations of these elements. Not only is it remarkably better in these qualities than sulphite or rag papers made with rosin sizing, but it is even more permanent than papers containing no beater sizing, owing to the protection afforded the fibers from air and moisture by the precipitated fatty acid.
  • This improved sizing being water repellant, gives greater protectionthan materials which are not water repellant or are more or less water permeable or soluble, v
  • the step that includes precipitating on the fibers while in a pulp condition a sizing from a soap of a saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and urified to an extent such that its iodine num er is less than 4:0.
  • the step that includes precipitating on the fibers while in a pulp condition a sizing from a soap of a saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and purified to an extent such that its iodine number is less than 20.
  • the step that includes precipitating on the fibers of sulphite paper pulp having an alpha-cellulose content greater than ninety per cent, a sizing from a soap of a saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and purified to an extent such that its iodine number is less than 40.
  • the step that includes precipitating on the fibers of sulphite paper pulp having an alpha-cellulose content greater than ninety per cent, a sizing from a soap of a saturated fatty'acid contain-,
  • the step that includes preci itating on the fibers of sulphite paper pulp aving an alpha-cellulose content greater than ninety per cent, a sizing from a soap of a saturated fatty acid containingmore than nine carbon atoms and purified to an extent such that its iodine number isless than 5.
  • the ste of adding to the paper pulp during such heating the soap of a higher saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and so free from unsaturated compounds that its iodine number is less than 20, and a precipitant for such soap.
  • the step oi adding to the aper pulp during such heating the soap 0 a higher saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and so free from unsaturated compounds that its iodine number is less than 5, and a precipitant for such soap.
  • paper comprising cellulose fibers individually coatedwith a material precipitated from the soap of a saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and so purified that its iodine number is less than 40.
  • paper comprising cellulose fibers individuallycoated with a. material precipitated from the soap. of a saturated fatty acid' containing more than nine carbon atoms and so purified that its iodine number is less than 20.
  • paper comprising cellulose fibers individually coatedwith a material precipitated from the soap of a satuated fatty acid containin more than nine carbon atoms and so puri ed that its iodine number is less than 5.
  • aper comprising sulfite pulp fibers indivi ually coated with a material precipitated from the soap of a saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and so purified that its iodine number is less than 40.
  • paper comprising sulfite pulp fibers individually coated with a material recipitated from the soap of a saturated atty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and so purified that its iodine number is less than 20.
  • paper comprising sulfide pulp fibers individually coated with a material precipitated from the map of a saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and so purified that its iodinenumber is less than 5.
  • paper comprising sulfite pulp fibers having an alpha cellulose content greater than ninety per cent and individually coated with a material precipitated from the soap of a saturated fatty acid containing more than nine carbon atoms and so purified that its iodine number is less than 40.
  • paper comprising sulfite pulp fibers havin an alpha cellulose content greater than ninety per cent and individually coated with a material precipitated from the soap of a satu-.
  • paper comprising sulfite pulp fibers having an alpha cellulose content greater than ninety per cent and individually coated with a material precipitated from the soap of a saturated fatty acid containingmore than nine carbon atoms and so purified that its iodine number is less than 5.
  • paper comprising sulfite pulp fibers having an alpha cellulose content greater than ninety percent and individually coated with a mate rial precipitated from the soap of asaturated fatty acid of higher molecular weight and sufiiciently free from unsaturated compoundsthat its iodine number is less than 40.
  • paper comprising sulfite. pulp fibers having an alpha cellulose content greater than ninety per cent and individually coated with a materiaL precipitated from the soap of a saturated fatty" acid of higher molecular weight and sufliciently free from unsaturated compounds that its iodine number is less than 20.

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  • Paper (AREA)
US343838A 1929-03-01 1929-03-01 Sized paper and method of making same Expired - Lifetime US1840399A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE368197D BE368197A (en, 2012) 1929-03-01
US343838A US1840399A (en) 1929-03-01 1929-03-01 Sized paper and method of making same
GB22439/29A GB332743A (en) 1929-03-01 1929-07-22 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of paper
FR691394D FR691394A (fr) 1929-03-01 1930-02-27 Perfectionnements à la fabrication du papier

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US343838A US1840399A (en) 1929-03-01 1929-03-01 Sized paper and method of making same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1840399A true US1840399A (en) 1932-01-12

Family

ID=23347892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US343838A Expired - Lifetime US1840399A (en) 1929-03-01 1929-03-01 Sized paper and method of making same

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1840399A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE368197A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR691394A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB332743A (en, 2012)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2629295A (en) * 1945-06-15 1953-02-24 Eastman Kodak Co Method of making paper
US3015537A (en) * 1956-04-26 1962-01-02 Eastman Kodak Co Paper having improved characteristics and its preparation
US3096231A (en) * 1960-04-18 1963-07-02 Eastman Kodak Co Method of manufacturing paper from partially esterified cellulose fibers
US3186900A (en) * 1962-07-13 1965-06-01 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Sizing paper under substantially neutral conditions with a preblend of rosin and cationic polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin
US3281312A (en) * 1961-07-05 1966-10-25 Mead Corp Fibrous product containing resinous material and polyethylene oxide and process thereof
US3306812A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-02-28 Ca Nat Research Council Process of sizing shaped fibrous articles with powdered fatty acids of 18 to 24 c atoms
US3392085A (en) * 1964-11-25 1968-07-09 Continental Can Co Method of sizing paper with a fatty acid and carbohydrate

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2629295A (en) * 1945-06-15 1953-02-24 Eastman Kodak Co Method of making paper
US3015537A (en) * 1956-04-26 1962-01-02 Eastman Kodak Co Paper having improved characteristics and its preparation
US3096231A (en) * 1960-04-18 1963-07-02 Eastman Kodak Co Method of manufacturing paper from partially esterified cellulose fibers
US3281312A (en) * 1961-07-05 1966-10-25 Mead Corp Fibrous product containing resinous material and polyethylene oxide and process thereof
US3186900A (en) * 1962-07-13 1965-06-01 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Sizing paper under substantially neutral conditions with a preblend of rosin and cationic polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin
US3306812A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-02-28 Ca Nat Research Council Process of sizing shaped fibrous articles with powdered fatty acids of 18 to 24 c atoms
US3392085A (en) * 1964-11-25 1968-07-09 Continental Can Co Method of sizing paper with a fatty acid and carbohydrate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB332743A (en) 1930-07-31
FR691394A (fr) 1930-10-21
BE368197A (en, 2012)

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