US1824523A - Sulphurized oils - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 22, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ELMER W. ADAMS, OF HAMMOND, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD OIL COMPANY, 01 WHITING, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA 3 SULPHURIZED OILS The present invention relates to improvements in sulphurized oils, such oilsbeing useful for the lubrication of cutting tools and the like.

The present invention has to do more particularly with sulphurized cutting oils consistin principally of hydrocarbon oils and free rom fatty oils. In the production of such oils in the past, employing high grade lubricating oil fractions, such as lubricant distillates from Mid-Continent and Pennsylvania crudes as a base, it has been possible to secure a product containing only up to about 3% total sulfur, and such oils, when so prepared as to contain above 2% of total sulfur, are extremely dark, being almost black. As a result their use makes it substantially impossible to follow closely the Work of a cutting tool. Furthermore, by producing the oils in the manner hitherto employed, if a light colored cutting oil is desired, free from animal or fatty oils, it must be pre ared of so low a sulfur content as to markedly reduce its value as a cutting lubricant.

Although the value of the oil as a cutting lubricant has hitherto been attributed to the additional sulfur incorporated into the oil by heating elemental sulfur therewith, it has now been found that by incorporating sulfur into a hydrocarbon stock having initially a high sulfur content, say in excess of 0.75%, an additional quantity of sulfur can be incorporated so that sulphurized cut-. ting oils containing substantially in excess of 3% total sulfur can be secured, and relatively light colored products containing as high as 2 to 3% sulfur can be prepared. It has furthermore been found that, on incorporation of additional elemental sulfur into such stocks having initially high sulfur content, thetotal sulfur is of effective value in cutting lubrication. v

The optimum condition for incorporatmg sulfur into such mineral oils, has been found to be the heating of a slight excess of sulfur with the desired lubricating oil fraction at temperatures 300'to 350 F. for a period of 3 to 5 hours. For example, by heating a coastal distillate oil of 200 sec. viscosity at Application filed August a, 1929. Serial m'aauos.

100 F. and 2.5% sulfur content with sulfur in the proportion of 100 gallons of oil to 39 lbs.- of sulfur to 350 to 360 F. for 5 hours with agitation by steam, and straining out the sludge and unused sulfur, a product fur content is desired, a treated high-sulfur lubricant fraction may be employed."

Such products, derived, for example, y the ordinary sulfuric acidtreatment and clay filtration of high sulfur lubricant fractions, may contain from .75% sulfur u and products containing as high as 2.5 to 3 a sulfur and having a color of 3 to. 6 N. P. A. can be secured. Thus by heating a refined hydrocarbon distillate having a viscosity of 110 sec. at 100 F. and a sulfur content of 1.3% with 2% of sulfur at a. temperature of 300 to 320 F. for 3 hours, a product haVing a 2.8% sulfur and a color of 44 N. A. is secured. A product of similar sulfur content, produced by the methods and from the stocks hitherto employed, would be practically black, and would have no better value as a cutting lubricant that the relatively light product pro? duced in accordance with the present invention.. It appears that, after the incorporation of the additional sulfur, the ori 'nal sulfur as well as the additional sulfur unction to improve the value of the oil as a cutting lubricant.

I claim:

1. The method of producing a sulphurized cutting oil which comprises incorporatin into hydrocarbon oil free from fatt oil and containing initially at least 0.75 0 sulfur, additional sulfur suflicient to bring the total sulfur content of the oil to at least 2%.

2. The method of producing a light colored sulphurized cutting oil which comprises heat- A similar treatment of a disti ate ing a treated hydrocarbon oil distillate free 3%, said heating being at a temperature of 300 to 350 F.

3. The method of producing a sulphurized cutting oil which comprises heating a hydro- 5 carbon oil distillate free from fatty oil and containin at least 0.75% sulfur, with additional sul ur to bring the total sulfurccontent of the oil to at least 2%, the heating being at a temperature of 300 to 350 F.

4. A sulphurized cutting oil consisting principally of hydrocarbon oil having an initial sulfur content of at least 0.75% and free from fatty oil, said cutting oil containing 2-3% sulfur and having a color ndt darker than 6 N. P. A.

5. The method of producing a sul hurized cutting oil having a color not dar er than 6 N. P. A. and having a total sulfur content of at least 2% which comprises incorporatgo ing into hydrocarbon oil free from fatt oil and containing initially at least 0.75% su fur,

additional sulfur suflicient to bring the total sulfur content of the oil to at least 2%.

6. The methodof producing a sulphurized 5 cutting oil having a color not darker than 6 N. P. A. and having a total sulfur content as high as 3% which comprises heating a treated hydrocarbon oil distillate free from fatty oil and containing initially at least 0.7 5% sulfur, with additional sulfur sufiicient to bring the total sulfur content 11 to the de-* sired proportion, said heating eing at a temperature of 300 to 350 F.

. 7 A sulphurized cutting oil consisting principally of hydrocarbon oil having an initial sulfur content of at least 0.7 5% and containing from 1.25% to 2.25% of added sulfur,

aid cutting oil being free from fatty oil and liavin a color not darker than 6 N. P. A.

8. v sulphurized cutting oil containing hydrocarbon mineral oilhaving a total sulfur content in excess of 3% of the hydrocarbon oil and including at least 0.75% initial sulfur content of the hydrocarbon oil and the remaining sulfur combined directly with the hydrocarbon oil.

ELMER W. ADAMS.