US1823023A

US1823023A - Hair waving apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1823023A
Application number: US399362A
Authority: US
Inventors: Arthur G Borden
Original assignee: BORDEN METHOD Inc
Current assignee: BORDEN METHOD Inc
Priority date: 1929-10-12
Filing date: 1929-10-12
Publication date: 1931-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 1948-09-15

Description

Sept. 15, 1931.

A. G. BORDEN 1,823,023

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS I* Filed oct, 12, 1929 :5 sheets-shed. 1

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' E112 5' dwf, ATTORNEY Sept. 15, 1931. A- G, BORDEN 1,823,023

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Oct. l2. 1929 3 SheetS-Shet. 2

' INVENToR.

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B ATTORNEY Sept. 15, 1931. A. G. SORDI-:N 1,823,023

HAIR wAvING' 4APPARATUS Filed Oct. l2, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet. 3

i112. :ll ,ECT-l IN V EN TOR.

ATTO NEY AFatented Sept. l5, 193i UNITED STATES PA-TENT' OFFICE ARTHUR G'. BORDEN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT DF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO -THE BORDEN '.MZETBOD, INC., 0F WASHINGTON,

TION' 0F DELAWARE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, A CORPO`RA HAIR yWAVING ATPARATUS Application :filed vOct-ober 12, 1929. Serial No. 399,362.

My invention relates broadly to apparatus for waving hair, and more particularly to the construction of heater chamber in which hair may be subjected to heat treatment during a hair waving operation.

@ne of the objects of my invention is `to provide a construction of heater for use 1 n processes of hair waving wherein the hair is protected while being subjected to heat treatment within an oven-like chamber and the scalp of the patron fully protected against possible leakage of condensate from the heater chamber.

Another object of my invention is to provide a construction of heat treatment chambei' for hair waving apparatus in which the hair may be wound upon a mandrel and introduced into the heater chamber without entangling the hair within the heater chamber and allowing the hair to be maintained at a safe temperature spaced from the inner walls of the heater.

A further object of my invention is to provide a construction of securing means for a mandrel in a hair waving apparatus Where the securing means is arranged to engage the exterior of the heater chamber for maintaining the mandrel and hair wound thereon sub,- stantially central of the heaterV and free of obstruction by mechanical appliances withinthe heater. A

A still further object of my invention is to provide a construction of clamp for engaging the exterior end of a heater chamber in a hair waving apparatus wherein the clampcarries a mandrel on which the hair of the patron is wound where the mandrel is centered Within the heater chamber and maintained out of contact with the interior walls of the heating chamber. f

Another object ofmy-invention is to provide a construction of haii` waving apparatus wherein the parts are formed from material having low heat conducting preperties whereby the parts of the apparatus which must necessarily engage the hair of the patron or contact with the operator arehiaintained at a relatively low temperature.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a construction of closure for the lower end of the heater chamber in a hair waving apparatus by which the liquid caused from condensation within the heater is prevented from leaking upon the head of the patron.

A further object of my invention is to provide a holder at one end of the heater chamber.

in a hair waving apparatus for receiving perfumed moisture absorbing pads which prevent leakage of condensate from the heater upon the head of the patron at the same time giving out a scented aroma.

My invention further resides in the construction of a hair waving apparatus set forth in the following'- specification and .shown in the accompanying drawings, where- 1n: 1

curler rod and support therefor showing the hair wound upon the rod preparatory to insertion within the heat treatment chamber; Fig. 2 is a crosssectional view-of the lower portion of the heater chamber showing the hair curler rod inserted'in position in the lower end thereof, the hair curler rod being partially broken away and shown in crosssection; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3 3y of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional .view taken through the closure member for the lower end ofthe heater chamber on line 4-4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional vieW taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a view showing the parts of the closure for the heater and a fragmentary portion of the mandrel partially broken away and illustrated in cross-section; Fig. 7 is a. cross-sectional view of the lower portion of the heater and the end closure therefor where the mandrel with the hair wound thereon is about to be centered within the heater chamber without the aid of any interior clamping means; Fig. 8 shows aniodified form of end closure for the heater of a hair waving apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig-9 is an assembly view of the complete heater with the end closure in position onthe lower extremity thereof; Fig. l0 is a fragmentary cross-sectional View taken through the removable cover of the heater of my invention; Figli is a side elevation showing one of the commercial Figure l is a side elevation ofthe hair Fig. 11; Fig. 13 is a fragmentary cross-secitional view through the lower portion of the form of hair Waver shown in Fig. 11;Fig.

14 illustrates the top cover of the hair Waver removed from the lower extremity of the casing; Fig. 15 illustrates the manner in which the heater is connected to the bottom closure member', Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken through the terminal of the heater on line 16-16 of Fig. 12; and Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the parts forming the connection means between the heating resistor within the heater and the conducting wires leading to the heater. y

I have discovered that the hair maybe protected against excessive heat and still receive the required heat treatment by constructing the parts of a hair-Waving apparatus from heat resisting and non-heat conductive-non-corrosive material. Heretofore in hair Waving apparatus the parts Within themselves absorb and retain a considerable amount of heat. I have found that the strands of hair Which must necessarily contact With the heated parts of the apparatus become overheated and dry immediately next to or adjacent the surface of the curling rod. This results in destruction of the hair by loss of vitality and actually decreases the ability of the strands of hair to retain a wave form. Heretofore parts of the hair Waving apparatus' have become corroded and as a result the strands of hair in immediate contact With the corroded'parts are tarnished by action of the caustic waving solutions used 'in the hair Waver and the hair has become discolored. Heretofore there ha-s been danger of leakage from the lower end of the heater chamber upon the scalp of the patron resulting in serious burns and pain to the patron. Very often the use of caustic Waving solutions within the heater chamber give rise to disagreeable odors, resultin from steaming the hair which is a defect ound in most of the hair Waving apparatus of the prior art. 'Ihe lower end of heaters heretofore known in the art has normally been at such excessive temperature that there is a tendency for the patron to be subjected to discomfort during the hair Waving process.

I have considered these various defects of heaters heretofore available in the art finally arriving at a construction of hair Waving ap aratus which avoids the defects hereinbefbre noted. I construct the parts of the heater and the curling rod from heat resisting and non-heat conductive-non-corrosive material. By means of an external clamp, I center the curling rod or mandrel within the heat treatment chamber by an` external engagement between the end closure and the heater chamber, thereby avoiding any obstructions within the heater which normally 'I ber, and in this closure I provide a plurality y of scented discs by which a volatile perfume is released as the discs are heated. 'Ihe aroma riseswithin the heater chamber and agreeably scents and perfumes the hair under treatment therein. The actual contact of the end of the heater'with the scalp of the patron is maintained at relatively loW temperature by the provision of a permanent air space between sections of the end closure preventing excess heat adjacent the -scalp of the patron.

Referring to the drawings in more detail, reference character 1 designates a heat resisting lplate member apertured at 1c and provided with integral upstanding projections 1a. The heat resisting plate member 2` is secured to the lower plate member 1 by rivet members 2aproviding a positive air gap between the plate members for the circulation of air for maintaining the lower plate at a relatively low temperature. rod or mandrel 3 of heat resisting material has one end thereof providedf with the interior insert 5 which is engaged by means of screw member 4 having a head 4a formed thereon and imbedded in plate member 1. The head 4a of ,the screw 4 is irregular in `shape to prevent the turning'of the screw member 4 With respect to the plate 2. I pro vide a finger engaging device 2c on plate member 2 to enable the stationary portion of the end closure to be gripped as hereinafter explained. The plate member 2 is provided With an arcuate slot 2b with an extension 1b extending upwardly at one end of the slot. I provide an angularly movable heat resisting plate member 6 apertured at 6b for the passage of screw member 4 therethrough. An arcuate shaped slot 6a is provided in plate 6, Whichslot receives vthe upstanding projection 1b and when registered with aperture 2b permits the passage of`- strands of hair into the heater chamber. A finger piece 60 is formed on plate 6, the

finger pieces

2c and 6c being employed for angularly shiftingplate 6 and securing the hair in position in the heat treatment chamber.

The plate member 6 is molded with the cup shaped end closure member`7 secured therein and With a spring device 8 extending diametrically across" the plate 6 with spring fingers 8a and 8b at opposite ends thereof. The fingers 8a and 8b are notched to spring into an annular recess 10 formed in the exterior wall 11- of the casing Which is constructed of heat resisting material for centering the mandrel 3 Within the casing-With out the necessity of an interior clamp which The curlingmay normally injure the hair. The lower extremity of the. casing 11 terminates in an annular inturned wall 17 forming a seat for the heater 16. The casinr 11 is apertured at 12 for the circulation of7 air therethrough. The end closure is made moisture tight by means of the

paper discs

18 and 19 which are passed over the mandrel 3 and form sealing gaskets with respect to the inturned edge 17 of the heater chamber. The

paper discs

18 and 19 are scented with a Volatile perfume, which perfume is released under conditions of heat and moisture and rises as a gas within the heater chamber and agreeably scents and perfumes the hair; The strands of hair are wound on mandrel 3 as illustrated at 21. The strands pass through the pad 26 on the end of plate member 1, through aperture 1c in plate 1, aperture 2b in plate 2, and aperture 6a in plate 6 to the interior of the chamber Where it is back wrapped upon mandrel 3 as illustrated at 21 by means of the Winder 22. The Winder 22 is also formed of heat resisting material and includes a notch 2 into which the strands of hair are guided by means of guide lug 23. The Winder 22 is gripped by means of the finger projection at 25 in carrying out the Winding process. For theI purpose of heat treatment with selected caustic solutions, I may wrap a tape 29 over the hair as represented in Figure 7, enabling the hair to be subjected to the hair waving process under conditions of proper moisture and chemical treatment within the heater.

In Figure 9, I have shown the completed heater casing having upper po-rtion 14 connected with the lower portion 11 heretofore described. The upper portion 14 of the casing is apertured at 15 for the circulation of air currents therethrough. The mandrel 3 projects through the upper portion 14 of the casing but is not locked in position with respect thereto, thereby enabling the mandrel to be free to withdraw from the lower end of the heater. The flexible conductors 28 lead to the source of energy which energizes the heating coil 16 within the heater.

In Figure 8, I have shown a modified construction of heater wherein the end closure 7 is secured in position by suction forces which are set up when the end closure is pressed over the lower external end of the heater chamber.

Figure 1() is a fragmentary cross-sectional view through the upper portion of the heater showing the removable end cap 30 which covers the countersunk binding posts 31 which form the terminals for the heating coil 16. The conductors 28 pass through the top of the casing and connect with binding postsA 31. Tie cords 32 are passed through lugs 14a on the casing 14 and are knotted at 32a forming means for relieving the strain from the connecting wires 28. The cap 30 is interiorly grooved at 30a to receive the extremity of the curling rod through the heater chamber' i on a suitable extension to the mandrel, the hair being enclosed by a suitable protective wrapper.

In the commercial form of heater shown in Figure 11, the

parts

11 and 14 are coupled by .f

screw threaded portion 35. The cap 30I is provided with. a' resilient wire member 36 which is arranged to spring into the groove 37 formed in the upwardly extending shoulder 141)l of the heater casing 14. The lugs 14a are recessed at 38' in the form of heater shown in Figure 11, as designated in the cross-sectional View shown in Figure l2, to receive the terminal formed by

block members

39 and 40. The

blocks

39 and 40 are grooved as represented at 39a' and 40a and are interconnected by means of screw 41 which engages screw threads 41av formed therein by which the end of the conductor at 167) which extends from the heater 16 may be gripped and the end of the conductor 28 similarly gripped for providing a complete electrical connection through the heater. The recess 38 may be closed by a suitable plug 42. At the lower end ofthe heater, I have shown the closure 7 secured in place by a spring ring member 43 which is carried by the end closure 7 and springs into the groove 44 in the lower end of the casing 11 in much the same manner as the spring member 36 engages the angular groove 37 at the top of the heater casing.

The parts of the heater and mandrel including the end closure are all of extremely light weight by virtue of the construction thereof from heat resisting material, and I find that this is an added advantage in as much as the patron is not subjected to unreasonable Weight of parts of the strands of hair under treatment.

I have found the hair waving apparatus of my invention extremely practical in its construction and operation and highly successful in the treatment of hair in a hairwaving process lwhile affording the patron maximum comfort and imparting to the hair a permanent wave of lasting vitality.

While I have described my invention in certain of its preferred embodiments, I de-v sire that it be understood that modifications may be made and that no limitations upon my invention are intended other than are imposed by the scope of the appended claims. y What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. Hair Waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a closure for the lower end of said heater chamber, means for securing strands of halr through sald closure and 1nto said chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure for receiving the strands of hair in wound formation thereon, means on said closureencircling the exterior of the end' of said heater chamber, and/separate means Jfor detachably engaging said aforesaid means with the exterior wall of said heater chamber.

2. Hair waving apparatus comprising' a heater chamber, a closure for the lower end of said heater chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable centrally within said heater chamber, means forA securing strands of hair through said closure, means for wrapping the strands of hair on said mandrel, and means carried by said closure for engaging the exterior Walls of the lower end of said heater chamber for securingsaid ,closure in position with respect to said heater chamber.

3. Hair waving apparatus comprising a` lower end of said heater chamber, 'and resil-v ient means mounted adjacent said annular member and operative against the walls of said'chamber for maintaining the posit-ion of said annular member with respect to said 4chamber and positioning said mandrel centrally within said heaterfchamber with the strands of hair thereon spaced from the interior walls of said chamber.

4. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a cloi ure for the lower end of said heater chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable to a position centrally within said heater chamber, said closure having means for securing strands of hair therethrough in a position wrapped upon said mandrel, and a cup-shaped member carried by said closure for engaging the exterior walls of the lower end of said heater chamber.

5. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a closure for the lower end of said heater chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable to a position centrally within said heater chamber, said closure having means for securing strands of hair therethrough in a position wrapped upon said mandrel, a cup-shaped member carried by said closure, and spring means positioned' adjacent said cup-shaped member'for engaging the exterior walls of said heater chamber and securing said mandrel centrally within said heater chamber and spacing the strands of hair thereon from the interior walls thereof.

6. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a closure for the lower end of.

said heater chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable to a position centrally within said heater chamber, means for securing strands of hair through said closure in wrapped formation upon said mandrel, and a diametricallyextending strip of resilient material engaging the exterior walls olf the lower extremity of said heater chamf heater chamber, a closure for the lower end of said heater chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable toa position centrallywithin said heater chamber, means for securing'strands of hair through said closure in wrapped formation upon said mandrel, and spring means carried by said closure and engageable with the exterior walls of the lower extremity of said heater chamber for centrally positioning said mandrel within said chamber and maintaining the strands of hair thereon out of contact with the interior walls of said heaterchamber.

8. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber having an annular groove formed in the exterior walls thereof adjacent the lower extremityof said chamber, a closure for the lower end of said heater chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectableto a position centrally within said heater chamber, means for securing strands of hair through said closure in wrapped p0- sition upon said mandrel, and spring means carried by said closure and engageable with the annular groove in the end of said chamber for securing said mandrel in position within said chamber, with the strands of hair thereon out of contact with the interior walls of said heater chamber.

9. Hair wavingV apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a closure for the lower end of said chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable to a position centrally within ysaid chamber, means for securing strands of hair through said closure in a po- "sition wound upon said mandrel, said closure including a cup-shaped member arranged to embrace the lower extremity of the exterior walls of said heater chamber, and a plurality of moisture absorbing pads carried by said cup-shaped member for substantially sealing the endof said chamber.

10. In a hair waving apparatus, a heater chamber terminating in an annular angularly disposed exterior wall, a closure for'the end of said heater chamber, 'a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable to a position within said heater chamber, means for securing str'andsot` hair through. said closure in a wrapped position upon said mandrel, and an annular member carried by said closure for telescopically embracing a portion of the angularly disposed exterior side walls of saidv ing saidmandrel in a central position within said chamber. t

12. A closure for the heater chamber of a hair Waving apparatus comprising a substantially cup-shaped member engaging the lower extremity of the exterior walls of said chamber. a multiplicity of non-heat conductive plate members positioned in parallel planes beneath said closure, one of said plate members having integrally formed lugs of non-heat conductive material thereon for positively spacing said plate members one from another, while providing a passage for the circulation of air between said plate members. and means for securing strands of hair through said plate members in a position for heat treatment within said chamber.

13. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a closure for the lower end of said heater chamber, a mandrel carried by said closure and projectable to a position centrally within said heater chamber, said closure having means engaging the exterior walls of the lower extremity of said heater chamber, a multiplicity of non-heat conductive plate members located in planes spaced one from another beneath said heater chamber. non-conductive spacing members for positively 'spacing said plate members for establishing a path for the circulation of air therebetween, and means for securing strands of hair through said plates to a position in wrapped formation upon said mandrel.

14.' Hair waving apparatus comprising a casing of heat resistive material, a closure for the lower end of said casing comprising a multiplicity of parallel extending plate members of heat resistive material, a mandrel of heat resistive material projectable within said casing, heat resistive means for positively spacing` one of said plate members from an adjacent plate member, and means for securing strands of hairthrough said plate members in a wrapped position upon said mandrel.

15. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a closure of non-heat conductive material for said heater chamber, an end closure for the lower extremity of said chamber comprising a multiplicity of parallel extending plate members of non-heat conducting material, a mandrel carried by one of said plate members and projectable to a position interiorly of said chamber, means securing said closure to the exterior Walls of the lower portion of said chamber, heat resisting means for spacing said plate members one from another for providing a path for the circulation of air therebetween, and means for securing said strands of hair through said plate members in wrapped formation upon said mandrel for heat treatment within said chamber.

16. In an apparatus for waving hair, a heat treatment chamber, a closure for the end of said chamber, a mandrel for receiving strands of hair in Wrapped formation for treatment within said chamber, and a gasket saturated with a volatile perfume located between the end of said chamber and said closure.

' 17. In van apparatus for waving hair, a heat treatment chamber, a closure for the end of said chamber, a mandrel for receiving strands of hair-in wrapped formation for treatment within said chamber and disc members each saturated with a volatile perfume subject to release under conditions of heat and moisture, said disc members being carried by said closure and providing a seal with respect to the lower extremity of said casmg.

18. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, a closure of heat resistlve material for said heater chamber, an end closure comprising a multiplicity of plate members of heat resistive material providing a seal for the lower extremity of said chamber, a mandrel of heat resistive material carried by one of said plate members, heat resistive means for spacing said plate members in stacked arrangement with a passage for the circulation of air therebetween, a hea-t resistive pad on the end of the lowermost plate member and means for securing strands of hair through said pad and through said plate members in Wrapped formation upon said mandrel for the heat treatment thereof within ril chamber.

19. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, means enclosing said chamber, a closure at the lower end of said chamber, terminals adjacent the upper end of said chamber, a removable cap on the upper end of said chamber extending over said terminals, means carried by said closure for receiving strands of hair in wound formation thereon "for the heat treatment thereof, said means being extensible through the removable cap on said chamber, said cap being formed from insulating material for. preventing contact with .said terminals.

20. Hair waving apparatus comprising a heater chamber, means enclosing said chamber,`a closure at the lower end of said chamber,`extension.lugs formed adjacent the upper end of said chamber, terminals housed by said extension lugs, a removable end cap of insulating material engageable with the end of said chamber, a closure for the lower end of said chamber, a mandrel carried by 'said closure for receiving hair in wrapped formation for heat treatment within said chamber, said removable end cap substantially covering said terminals and protecting saic.1 terminals against exterior Contact therewit In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

ARTHUR G. BORDEN.