US1813381A - Casting ladle - Google Patents

Casting ladle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1813381A
US1813381A US283863A US28386328A US1813381A US 1813381 A US1813381 A US 1813381A US 283863 A US283863 A US 283863A US 28386328 A US28386328 A US 28386328A US 1813381 A US1813381 A US 1813381A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ladle
chamber
molten metal
spout
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US283863A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frank G Carrington
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FERRIC ENGINEERING Co
Original Assignee
FERRIC ENGINEERING Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FERRIC ENGINEERING Co filed Critical FERRIC ENGINEERING Co
Priority to US283863A priority Critical patent/US1813381A/en
Priority to FR676012D priority patent/FR676012A/fr
Priority to DEF68525D priority patent/DE526977C/de
Priority to GB17583/29A priority patent/GB313173A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1813381A publication Critical patent/US1813381A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
    • B22D13/107—Means for feeding molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/02—Top casting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a container, and more particularly hasreference to a ladlein a centrifugal casting apparatus.
  • molten metal is introduced into a rotating mold.
  • the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the mold serves to maintain upon the inner surface of the mold the metal that impinges thereon.
  • molten metal is oured just Within one end of the mold, and) the mold so manipulated that the metal is distributed within the mold as desired.
  • a mold of comparatively low heat conductivity is required for this process, in vorder that the contained heat of the molten metal Will not be absorbed and carried off by the mold.
  • metal is poured over the side of a so-called dump trough which extends substantially the length of the mold.
  • the trough is rotated and the metal is deposited in a sheet-like formation the length of the dump trough.
  • Such a mold provides for' a more uniform longitudinal distribution of the metal in the'mold, and hence the mold employed may be of a somewhat higher heat conductivity than that employed in the first type of operation.
  • the third process which is preferable 1- under most conditions, practically no adjustment of the metal, either longitudinally or circumferentially of the mold is necessary 5 after it is poured into the mold.
  • the metal is poured from the end of a pouring trough, which moves longitudinally with respect to the rotating mold. Such movement, together with the rotation of the mold, builds up the metal on the interior of the mold insuccessive and spirally related columns. Each turn of the spiral column must be deposited before the preceding turn has solidified, and thus adjacent columns may coalesce and insure a casting of unlform thickness.
  • the object cast be of uniform thickness, and* to vary the thickness along the length of the object, which is particularly true in the casting of pipe where the barrel is of uniform thickness, but Where the ends may require a structure of greater thickness.
  • the third casting operation is preferable.
  • the thickness of the casting is a function of the speed of th'e rotation of the mold, the rate at which. the trough traverses the mold (in the third method), and the amount of metal discharged into the .mold A variation in any one of these factors will result in a casting of non-uniform thickness.
  • Another object is .to devise a centrifugal casting process.
  • Yet another object is to provide a ladle.
  • a further object of this invention is to lpro- ⁇ ose- -ly the discharge of its contents.
  • my invention in general comprises a container that may readily be dismantled, and means for expelling the contents of the container at a determined rate.
  • Figure 1 is a side view in elevation of a casting apparatus.
  • Figure 2 is a view of the charging end of a ladle.
  • Figure 3 is a view of the ladle in position for cleaning.
  • Figure 4 is a side sectional view of the ladle and proximate end of the pouring trou h.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line 5-5 of Figure 4 looking in the direction of the arrows.
  • Figure 6 is a view along the line 6'6 of Figure 4 looking in the direction of the arrows.
  • Figure 7 shows the ladle with a modified f form of device for controlling a back pressure in the gas line.
  • the base plate 1 supports a casing 5 for the ladle.
  • This casing 5 is preferably rectangular, although under suitable circumstances its shape may be modified.
  • flanges 7 and the base plate 1 are secured together by means of bolts8, rivets, or 'other trunnions 9.
  • T ese trunnions are provided with anges 11 through which rivets 12, or other suitable. securing means, extend to fasten the trunnions to the-casing 5.v Annular grooves 13 are provided in the trunnions 9 and are adapted to receive hooks or other appropriate supporting means as will be hereinafter pointed out. It will therefore be seen that by engaging the trunnions 9 with proper engaging means the ladle may be raised and supported pivotally, so that it maybe tipped to empty the ladle.
  • a lining 16, composed of suitable refractory material is provided within the casing 5.
  • a linin 17 is also provided on the base plate-1. his refractory material is able to withstand the high temperatures to which the ladle is subjected when molten metal is introduced.
  • a cover plate 18 rests upon the outwardly extending flanges 6, and is secured thereto by means of bolts 19 which may be readily re.-
  • a manually operable valve 27 adapted to be regulated to control the pressure in the system.
  • the pipe 24 isv also provided with a valve 28, which governs the admission of a fluid to the pipe.
  • This system arrangement serves to convey air or any other gas, und-er its operation being more specifically pointed out hereinafter.
  • the pipe 24 is swivelled at a point beyond the valve 28, so that it may be rotated about its swivelling point and beyond the vertical planes of the ladle.
  • the piping in the system is large enough to be substantially frictionless, and the pressure throughout the system is. therefore uniform.
  • -By system I mean all of the piping on the low pressure side of the valve 28, and the chamber of the la le.
  • Thls chargin spout comprises a metal casing 31 having si e members 32 and 33, and a slanting wall 34.
  • the wall 32 has an outwardly projecting vertical flange 35 and an-outwardly projecting horizontal iiang'e 36 at its base.
  • the side- 33 has a flange 37 that extends vertically along the edge of the wall adjacent the casing 5, and a base iange 38.
  • the casing 31 is secured to the casing 5 by means of bolts 39, that extend through the ianges 35 and 37 into the casing 5.
  • iiange 41 is provided at the base of the slanting wall 34, and this iange, together with flanges 36 and 38, is secured to the base plate 1 by means of bolts 42.
  • a refractory lining 43 Within the-casmg 31 there fits a refractory lining 43. Inte ral with this lining is a section 44 of the re ractory material which rests against the outside of the casing 5. It will be observed that the lining 44 extends above the top of the charging spout 29, and iits snugly against the under side of flange 6. An opening 45 is provided in the lining 44 which corresponds to the charging port 14 in size. It will be. observed that the lining 16 extends beneath the casing 5 at the charging port 14, and that the linings 43 and 44 lll make a tight joint With the casing 5 and the linings 16 and 17. This tight fit is impo-rtant in order to prevent an of the molten metal 'seeping into the joint ormed by the linings.
  • a discharge spout 46 In the front of the ladle there is provided a discharge spout 46, similar to the. charging spout 29, but terminating at an elevation below the top of the charging spout.
  • the discharge spout comprises a casing 47, and is provided With base flanges 48 and vertical flanges 49.
  • the vertical flanges 49 are secured to the casing 5 by means of bolts 5l, While bolts 52 secure the base iiange 48 and the base plate 1.
  • a refractory lining 53 is provided in the discharge spout, and this linin is similar-ito'the. linings 43 and 44 of the c arging spout. 1t extends to the lower side of the iiange and is provided With an aperture 54 corresponding to the outlet port 15 in the casing 5 and lining 16.
  • the lining 53 is provided with an outturned lip 5.5, over Which the molten metal is discharged.
  • chute 56 which is positioned adjacent the lip 55
  • the chute 56 is adapted to ifit into a trough frame 57, which is provided with a sectional lining 58.
  • This sectional lining is of the type set forth in my copending application, Which has now become Patent No. 1,776,540 dated September 28, 1930, although 'it is of course understood that under certain circumstances the type of chute and trough may be varied.
  • the chute 56 forms a tight fit with the lining 58 to prevent the seepage of any molten metal into the juncture.
  • the trough casing 57 is mounted on the support 3. As shown in Figure 6, studs 59, secured to the support 3, provide a berth for the trough casing 57 Plates 61, secured to the studs 59 by means of bolts 62, or other suitable means, extend partially over the trough casing 57 and firmly hold the trough inposition. 'Bhe extension of the trough from the support 3 may therefore be varied by removing the plates 61, positioning fthe trough as desired, and then securing the plate 61 to the studs 59. Variations in the proj ection of the trough from the support3 call Yfor a corresponding reallocation of the chute 56 in t-he trough. This may readily be accomplished, for the lining 58 may be in sections, and the necessarysections may be .1nserted or removed so that the chute 5.6 Will always be positioned under the lip 55 of the discharge spout.
  • the trough casing 57 is,y provided with a discharge spout 63, which is preferably o-f the type shown and described in my above men- -pressed air or gas is admitted to tioned Patent No. 1,77 6,540, although under some conditions the spout may be of a modified form.
  • Y.I have shown diagrammatically in Figure 1 a mold and its associated mechanism.
  • a carriage 64 provided with Wheels 65, rotatably supports a mold 66.
  • a suitable driving. device 67 By means/bf a suitable driving. device 67, and necessary gearing (not shown), the mold is rotated Within the carriage 64.
  • the carriage 64 runs on a track 68Il on which track may also be positioned the support 3. It is of course obvious that alterationsmay be shown in this structure Vto meet the exigencies of a particular situation.
  • FIGs 2 and 3 there is shown a device for removing the ladle from the support 3.
  • This device comprises a chain 69 that supports tvvo arms 71.
  • On the ends of the arms are hooks 72 adapted tof engage the grooves 13 of the trunnions 9.
  • hooks 72 By positioning the hooks 72 in t-he grooves, there is prevented any transverse displacement of the ladle With re'- spect to the arms 71, but pivoting of the ladle on the trunnions is unrestricted.
  • the ladle may be tilted in order to pour out any surplus metal at the completion of a casting operation, but the v ladle is normally maintained in an upright .has already been pointed out, the solidiication of metal Within the ladle seriously impedes the efficient operation of the device, for it not onlyadheres to the Walls of the ladle but also the ports are liable to be clogged by the metal.
  • FIG 7 there is shown a vmodification of my invention, particularly adapted when it is desired to automatically control the pressure existing Within the chamber.
  • Comthe .system through the valve 28 (see Fig. 4).
  • a flexible conduit 73 This conduit is joined to a Well, tube or pipe 74 closed at its top as at 75.
  • the junction of the conduit 73 and the tube or Well 74 should be fluid and pressure tight to prevent the escape of any of the contained gas.
  • a hook 76, or other suitablevmeans the tube or Well 74 is suspended from a cable 77.
  • This cable passes over a sheave 78 rotatable upon an 'axle 79, and is' Wound upon a drum 80.
  • the drum 80 is rotatably mounted'mpon bearings 81, and is driven lby a motor 82, or other alternative means.
  • the Well 74 may be lowered into a body of liquid 83, contained in a receptacle 84. It is of course to be understood that my invention also contemplates a device in which the Well is maintained stationary and the level of the liquid body 83 varied. Assuming that a given quantity of gas or air is being admitted to the system, the pressure of this body of gas will be dependent upon the extent to which the tube or well 74 is submerged in the liquid 83. If the relative position of the well 74 and the surface of liquid 83 remains fixed, andair is continuously admitted to the system through the valve 28, a constant pressure, depending upon the position of the well 74, will exist within the system because of the escape of surplus air through the well 74 and liquid 83. As the well 74 is lowered within the liquid 83, the u pressure within the system will be raised as the resistance to escape of the gas is increased by augmenting the hydrostatic head. As above pointed out, the pressure throughout the system is uniform, for the pipes are substantially frictionless.
  • the drum may be either lowered at a uniform rate, or at a varyingVK rate. If the latter is desired, the drum maly7 be of irregulary circumference, or the speed of the motor may be varied.
  • the eHect of this increase in pressure in the'ladle is to lower the metal in the chamber 5 and to raise-the levels of the metal in the charging spouts and dischargingspout.
  • the head of metal due to differences between levels in the chamber and the discharge spout ofthe ladleawillv alson to the increase of volumedue to eXpansion of the gas, there will be'x no increase in pressure and consequently the rate of flow o fzmetal will not be affected by this expanslon.
  • valve 28 is opened to admit to the system a stream of gas, the rate, however, not being enough to cause any friction.
  • valve 27 As the pressure within the system is built up by the admission of this gas, the exact pressure desired is. controlled' by the operation of valve 27, which serves to permit the escape of gas in excess of the amount necessary to establish the pressure required.
  • valve 27 is manually turned to decrease the amount of gas that escapes.
  • the chute through the trough to the spout 63 where it is poured into the mold 66, which is rotating.
  • the carriage 64 moves away from the support 3, and this movement, together with the rotation of the mold 66, causes the columnY of metal discharged from the spout 63 to be built up on the interior surface of the mold in spirals.
  • the timing of the various steps is closely regulated, .and a loss of time is always to be avoided.
  • the operation may continue without interruption so far as the ladling process is concerned.
  • the ladle may be readily dismantled by re# ⁇ moving the bolts'19 and taking oil the cover plate 18.
  • the charging ⁇ and discharging l spouts, together with their linings, may also be easily removed by loosening the bolts 39 and 51 respectively.
  • the cover plate 18, the charging spout 29 and the discharging spout 46 are removed, the interior of the ladle and the inlet and outlet orifices 14 and 15 are accessible, and may be easily cleaned.
  • the spouts may also be cleaned when the ladle is thus taken down. y
  • the ladle is susceptible to a nicety of control by means of the valves 28 and -27, or the device shown in Fig. 7, and once having been set in operation, the predetermined amount of metal to be discharged is assured.
  • A'casting ladle comprising a chamber for molten metal, a discharge spout incommunication with said chamber and terminating above the initial level of the molten metal in the ladle, a charging spout in communication with said chamber and terminating above the discharge spout and means for introducing a gas under pressure into said Jchamber to force the molten metal from the discharge spout.
  • a casting ladle comprising a chamber for molten metal, a discharge spout in communication with said chamber and terminat- 'ing above the initial level ofthe molten metal in the ladle, a charging spout in unobstructed communication with said chamber and terminating above the discharge spout and means for introducing a gas under pressure into said chamber to force the molten metal from the discharge spout, said charging and dis-V charge spouts both being 1n communication with the chamberwhen charging and when discharging molten metal from the chamber.
  • a pneumatic ladle comprising a chamber for molten metal, a charging spout and a discharging spout in communication with said chamber, a conduit connected with said chamber forvintroducing a gas under pressure into said chamber 'for forcing molten metal into the discharge spout, means associated with said conduit for regulating the pressure of the gas within said chamber, said means comprising. a container for a liquid, a gas bell mounted in said container and having a portion immersed in said liquid, a conduit communicatingwith the upper portion of said bell and with said lirst mentioned conduit, and means connected with the bell for adjusting the position of said bell in the liquid for controlling the pressure inl said 10C ladle chamber.
  • a ladling device comprising a lchamber for molten metal, removable charging and discharge spouts 'communicating with the chamber,fa conduit communicating with the chamber forintroducing a gas to the chambery forforcing molten metal through said discharge spout and means associatedwith said conduit for relieving the back pressure of gas in said chamber.
  • a ladling device comprising a receptacle for molten metal, a charging spout communieating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a discharge spout communicating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a conduit communicating with said receptacle for introducing a ⁇ gas therein for forcing molten metal out through said discharge spout-and means associated with said conduit for regulating the pressure of gas in said receptac1e.”
  • a ladling device comprising a receptacle for molten metal, a charging spout communieating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a discharge spout communicating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a conduit communicating with said receptacle for introducing' a gas therein for forcing molten metal out through said discharge spout, a body of liquid located exteriorly of the receptacle, a cylinder having a closed end and an opened end positioned in said liquid with the open end submerged, a conduit connectmeans for varying the degree of submergence of the cylinder in the liquid for regulating the gas pressure in the receptacle.
  • a ladling device comprising a recep; tacle for molten metal, a charging spout communicating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a discharge spout communicating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a conduit communicating with said receptacle for introducing a gas therein for forcing molten metal out through said discharge spoilt, a chamber having a variable volume in communication with said conduit and means for varyingthe volume of said chamber to regulate the pressure in said receptacle.
  • a ladling device comprising a receptacle for molten metal,.a charging spout communieating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a discharge spout communicating with the lower portion of said receptacle, a conduit communicating with said receptacle for introducing a gas therein for forcing molten metal out through said discharge spout, a
  • a cylinder having a closed end and an open end positioned in said liquid with the open end submerged, a conduit connecting the upper portion of the interior of the cylinder with the conduit communicating with the receptacle, a cable connected to said cylinder and a power driven drum for said cable, operable for varying the degree of submergence of the cylinder to control the pressure in said receptacle,
  • a pneumatic ladle comprising a chamber for molten metal,l a charging spout and a discharging spout in communication with said chamber, a conduit connected with said chamber for introducing a gas under pressure into said chamber for forcing molten metal into the discharge spout, means vassociated with said conduit for regulating the pressure of the gas within said chamber', said means comprising a container for a liquid, a gas well mounted in said container and having a portion immersed in said liquid, a conduit communicating with the upper portion of said well and with said first mentioned conduit, a cable connected to the upper portion of said well, a power driven drum adapted to raise and lower the cable and well for varying the degree of emergence of the well inthe liquid for controlling the pressure of gas in said chamber.
  • a casting ladle comprising a lchamber adapted to contain molten metal, a discharge spout in communication with said chamber, a conduit for introducing a ⁇ gas under pressure into said chamber for forcing metal contained therein into the discharge spout, a well adjustably positioned in a body of water for varying the volume in said well, a conduit placing the interior of said well in communication with said first mentioned conduit and means for varying the degree of emergence of said well in the liquid 4for controlling the pressure of gas in said chamber.
  • a casting ladle comprising a chamber for molten metal, a discharge spout in communication with said chamber and terminating above the level of the molten metal, means .for introducing gas under lpressure into said chamber to force the molten metal from the discharge spout, and means for progressively increasing the pressure of the gas within the chamber as the level of the molten metal in the chamber drops.
  • a casting ladle comprising a cham- L means comprising controlling mechanism for permitting the escape of excess gas.
  • a casting ladle comprising a charnber for molten metal, a discharge spout in communication with said chamber and terminatin above the level of the molten metal, means or introducing gas under pressure into said chamber to force the molten metal from the discharge spout and means for progressively increasing the pressure of the gas within the chamber as the level of the molten metal in the chamber drops, said means comprising a controlling valve for permitting the escape of excess gas.
  • a discharge spout in ,com- ⁇ munication with said chamber and terminating abovethe initial level of the molten metal means for intrducin gas under pressure into said chamber to orce the molten metal from the discharge spout, and means for increasing the pressure ofthe gas with-

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
US283863A 1928-06-08 1928-06-08 Casting ladle Expired - Lifetime US1813381A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US283863A US1813381A (en) 1928-06-08 1928-06-08 Casting ladle
FR676012D FR676012A (fr) 1928-06-08 1929-05-31 Poche de coulée
DEF68525D DE526977C (de) 1928-06-08 1929-06-04 Beschickungsvorrichtung fuer Schleudergussmaschinen
GB17583/29A GB313173A (en) 1928-06-08 1929-06-07 Means for ladling metal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US283863A US1813381A (en) 1928-06-08 1928-06-08 Casting ladle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1813381A true US1813381A (en) 1931-07-07

Family

ID=23087893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US283863A Expired - Lifetime US1813381A (en) 1928-06-08 1928-06-08 Casting ladle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1813381A (de)
DE (1) DE526977C (de)
FR (1) FR676012A (de)
GB (1) GB313173A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2556125A (en) * 1947-07-22 1951-06-05 American Steel Foundries Shank pouring pot
US2721364A (en) * 1951-10-12 1955-10-25 Anaconda Co Melting and casting apparatus
US2937789A (en) * 1953-10-16 1960-05-24 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Controlled metal dispensing
US3395833A (en) * 1966-07-13 1968-08-06 Campbell Auto Pour Engineering Gas feed to pressure pour apparatus
US3412899A (en) * 1966-04-22 1968-11-26 Ct De Rech S De Pont A Mousson Liquid pouring installation
US3504825A (en) * 1966-08-15 1970-04-07 Gen Motors Corp Pneumatic control of pressure pouring ladle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE740394C (de) * 1941-04-13 1943-10-20 Hoeveler & Dieckhaus Metallhue Rohrartige Giessrinne zum Beschicken von Schleudergussformen
FR999303A (de) * 1945-12-20 1952-01-29

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2556125A (en) * 1947-07-22 1951-06-05 American Steel Foundries Shank pouring pot
US2721364A (en) * 1951-10-12 1955-10-25 Anaconda Co Melting and casting apparatus
US2937789A (en) * 1953-10-16 1960-05-24 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Controlled metal dispensing
US3412899A (en) * 1966-04-22 1968-11-26 Ct De Rech S De Pont A Mousson Liquid pouring installation
US3395833A (en) * 1966-07-13 1968-08-06 Campbell Auto Pour Engineering Gas feed to pressure pour apparatus
US3504825A (en) * 1966-08-15 1970-04-07 Gen Motors Corp Pneumatic control of pressure pouring ladle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE526977C (de) 1931-06-12
FR676012A (fr) 1930-02-18
GB313173A (en) 1930-05-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4105438A (en) Continuous metal melting, withdrawal and discharge from rotary furnaces
US1813381A (en) Casting ladle
JP5078213B2 (ja) 金属溶融物を有しているストリップ鋳造設備の中間容器の排出口に設けられる耐火性の鋳込み管ユニット
US2414269A (en) Method for cooling ingots in continuous casting
US3066364A (en) Pouring technique for continuous casting
US2895188A (en) Continuous casting apparatus
US1982762A (en) Method for casting metallic annuli
US2210145A (en) Direct rolling of metal from the liquid state and apparatus therefor
US2756988A (en) Transfer device for conveying molten metal
US2071890A (en) Forehearth
US917257A (en) Process of and apparatus for casting metal.
US3648763A (en) Machine for centrifugally casting tubular metal bodies
US1583248A (en) Process for bottom casting
US2039738A (en) Metallurgical furnace
US1620829A (en) Method of and apparatus for centrifugally casting metal bodies
US2190209A (en) Apparatus for eliminating pipe, etc., in metals
US1024722A (en) Process and apparatus for casting ingots.
US3508660A (en) Slag extracting apparatus
CA1082915A (en) Continuous metal melting withdrawal and discharge from rotary furnaces
US404414A (en) Method of mixing molten pig metal
US2358175A (en) Casting apparatus
US1963148A (en) Centrifugal pipe casting machine
US870817A (en) Art of casting pipes.
US629903A (en) Apparatus for casting pig metal.
SU406906A1 (de)