US2556125A - Shank pouring pot - Google Patents

Description

June 5,- 1951 H. WALLIS 2,556,125

SHANK POURING POT Filed July 22, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR HAROLD WALLIS AT T N EY June 5, 1951 w s 2,556,125

SHANK POURING POT Filed July 22, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY HAROLD WALLIS ATTORNEY Patented June 5, 1951 Harold Wallis, Oakmont, Pa assignor to American Steel Foundries, Chicago, Ill.,- a corporation of New Jersey Application July 22, 1947,"Serial No. 762,551

1 Claim. 1

My invention relates toimprovements in the art of manufacturing metal founding ladies or shank pouring pots.

Heretofore in foundry practice it has been customary to utilize what are commonly known as round pots, the designation characterizing the pot as beingcylindrical, conical or spherical in shape.

In preparing such pets for founding metals, such as steel, it is common practice to linethe pot with refractory material such as ganister lining or fire clay, thisliningprocess being generally performed by the user Who hand-rams the lining into the pot while the lining is in wet and plastic state, the operation usually taking aboutan hour to complete.

The lining is then hardened and dried by heating the pot for about three or four hours; it being understood that if the pot were filled with hot metal while the lining was still wet, the heat would glaze the exposed surface of the lining and thereby trap the moisture between the metal wall of the pot and said exposed surface of theilining. Furthermore, the heat of themolt'en'metalwould change the moisture into steam with sufficient pressure to cause disruption of the lining and distortion or rupture of the metal wall of the pot. Another reason, for drying the lining is to prevent metallurgical difiiculties with the molten metal.

Obviously, this process isnot only time-consuming but is also costly and necessitates the use of numerous pots if the casting operation is continuous.

Another disadvantage to the use of round pots is that in pouring metal from such a pot into molds during the casting operation, the metal issuing from the pot runs in a flat stream which chills the metal and results in misruns.

After the pot has been in use for some time, the lining burns out, requiring removal of the old lining and relining the pot. The removal of the old lining is oftencomplicated by the presence of skull metal which forms a hard crust on the exposed surface ofthe old lining and prevents it from falling out of the pot upon hammering the metal shell or walls ofthe pot, as a consequence of which the skull metal and old lining must be dug out, a long and tedious process. In removing the old lining, the shell is subjected to much battering, thus materially reducing the life of the shell.

, The primary object of this invention is to provide a novel method and means for lining a foundry pot with slabs of predried preformed refractory material to reduce thetimerequiredfor lin- 2 ing the" pot, for drying it, and for preheating it preparatory to its use.

Another object of the invention is to devise a square pot preferably in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid wherein the sides of the pot are arranged to define a plurality of sharp corners forming alternately usable pouring lips for directing molten metal from the pot into the. molds in a thick stream, whereby rapid chilling of the metal during such pouring operation is prevented.

A further object of the invention is to devise a pot of such form that it may be easily lined interiorly thereof with preformed slabs of dryrefractory material and wherein the slabs lining the sides of the pot maybe arranged in overlapping relation and interlocked with each other to keep each other in place against the sides of the pot.

One modification of the invention comprehends' the provision of a square split pot wherein the shell is made in two separable pieces parted at diagonally opposite corners, the pieces being secu'red when in use by bolts and keys, this improvement being valuable in reducing the time required to remove an old lining and in preventing abuse of the shell with consequent lengthening of-its' life.

In the one modification or the invention, a preformed brick sleeve or spout is provided, the sleeve being fixed to one of the corners of the pot by cementing it in place to the brick lining of the pot;

A still further object of the invention is to devise a shank pouring pot which is of simple, convenient form, is inexpensive to manufacture, and is particularly Well suited for the purpose-intended.

These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from the specification and the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a top plan view illustrating one form of pot constructed 'inaccordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the structure shown in'Figure l. V

Figure 31s a sectional view of the same, taken in the plane substantially as indicated by line 3--3' of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a: plan view of a lid for the pot shown in Figures 1 to 3.

Figure 5 is a side elevationof the lid, the View being taken from the right of the structure'shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6' is a view illustrating the application of the lid to the potythe' pot'-being' fragmefltarily shown in phantom lines.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of one of the preformed bricks used in lining the sides of the pot.

Figure 8 is a plan View of another type of pot made in accordance with the invention; and

Figure 9 is a sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 8, the view being taken in the plane substantially as indicated by line 9-9 of Figure 8.

Describing the invention in detail and referring first to the modification illustrated in Figures 1 to '7, the pot or ladle 2 is generally in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid and, comprises an outer metallic shell made up of two substantially identical V-shaped abutting separable halves or sections 4, 4 parted at diagonally opposite corners of the pot as at 8, 8.

Each section comprises a pair of angularly related side webs 8, 8 sloping inwardly, downwardly, and joined at one edge to each other. The webs are formed at their lower edges with inturned flanges I8, [8 and are provided at the edges opposite those which are joined with outwardly extending flanges l2, I2.

' The two halves of the outer shell are detachably connected to each other by bolts l4 and keys IS, the bolts being square and projecting through complementary aligned openings I8, I8 in the abutting mating flanges [2, I2.

- A square metallic plate 28 is removably fitted into the shell and is seated against the inner surfaces of the flanges l8, Ill. The plate 28 forms the bottom or base of the pot and the webs 8, 8 form the sides of the pot and it wilLbe observed that the webs are so related that they form four sharp corners of the pyramidal pot.

. Each section 4 is provided With a trunnion 22 formed integrally with the side webs 8, 8 thereof at the apex of the juncture of said side webs intermediate the top and bottom edges thereof, said trunnions inthe assembled position of said sections extending in opposite directions from the diagonally opposite corners of the pot and affording the usual connection for means (not shown) for suspending and transporting the pot from a tram rail; as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. The trunnions, although shown as being integral with the side webs, may be connected to the side webs in any convenient manner, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

Each trunnion has a socket 24 adapted for connection with a bailing lever (not shown) of usual construction for tilting the pot on said trunnions.

The pot thus far described is lined on the interior surfaces thereof with a relatively thin layer of a plastic refractory material 28, such as fire clay or cement, the refractory material sealbricks. The brick lining, as may be seen in the drawings, includes a square brick bottom 38 and aplurality of identical trapezoidal- shaped side bricks 28, 28, one of which is shown in Figure 7;

said side bricks 28, 28 lining the sides of the pot and'said bottom brick being seated on the refraotory material 26 on the bottom plate 28 of the pot. The bottom brick supports the side bricks 28, 28 which areseated at their bottom edges on the bottom brick adjacent the marginal edges thereof. The side bricks 28, 28 protrude above the side webs 8, 8 of the shell and the space between the upper edges of the bricks 28, 28 and the top edges of. the side webs 8, 8 is filled in with the refractorymaterial 26 as at 32, thus affording protection for the sides of the pot when molten metal is being poured therefrom.

The slabs 28, 28 are embedded in the material 28 lining the side webs 8, 8 and abut each other at their ends and are interlocked with each other in the pot in such manner as to keep each other from falling out of place, that is, each slab 28 "bears at one end against the inner or exposed side of an adjacent slab as at 34 and at the other end overlaps the end of the other adjacent slab as at 36 (Figure 1). After the brick lining has been fitted into place, all corners where the bricks meet are sealed With the material 28 to prevent seepage of metal between said bricks.

At one corner of the pot where the two sections of'the outer shellare-joined is positioned a spout or cylindrical sleeve 38 which is also made of refractory material. The spout extends from the top to the bottom of the pot and is cut away at the lower end thereof as at 48, defining a passage communicating with the interior of the pot and a passage 42 through the spout, the spout serving to drain the metal oif the bottom of the pot,

as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

The spout is 'held in place by refractory'plastic material 44, such as fire clay, molded around a portion of the spout and bonded to the adjacent side brick slabs 28, 28, said spout being additionally held in place by bonding the bottom of the spout to the bottom brick slab by a plastic refractory material as at 48 (Figure 3).

To prepare the pot thus far described for founding molten metals, the pot is heated to dry the plastic refractory material and to bring the brick slabs up to required temperature. In this connection the side webs 8 may be perforated at spaced points as at 48, 48 (Figure 2) to facilitate the drying of the plastic refractory material 28,

- and it will be appreciated that in drying, the

plastic material forms a firm bond between the brick slabs and the outer shell of the pot. The drying process takes only a relatively short time to complete since only the thin layer of material 28 needs be dried, it being understood that the brick slabs are dry at time of assembly.

The pot is provided with a substantially square lid 58, the lid being reinforced by a plurality of spaced rods 52, 52 welded to a depending skirt 54 formed around the marginal edges of said lid, the skirt being adapted to seat on the top edge of'the pot. One of the corners of the lid 58 is cut off as at 56 to afford clearance for the spout.

At one corner of the lid adjacent the cut-off portion thereof is secured, as by welding, a deportion of the web 52 is welded a depending rod I0, the rod 18 being adapted to engage the adjacent side web 8 of the outer shell to prevent the lid from shifting when the pot is tilted in pouring. 7

The disassembly of the pot 2 for relining is relatiVeIy simpIe. The keys and-- bolts connecting the two sections of the outer shell are removed. The two sections of the shell are pulled apart, thus dropping the bottom plate. Any refractory material adhering to the sides of the two sections is loosened by tapping the side webs 8, 8. After removal of the old lining, to assemble this pot the'two sections are secured to each other. The bottom plate is seated on the flanges I0, I0. The interior of the pot is lined with a coating of the plastic refractory material 28, which is manually applied while in a plastic condition and is formed roughly in the shape shown best in Figure 3. The bottom brick slab is seated at the bottom ofthe pot, care being taken to center the bottom slab so that there is a filling of the material 26 between the marginal edges of the bottom slab and the interior surfaces of the side webs 0, 8. Each slab 28 is separately inserted into the pot and arranged in the positions shown. The space between the top edge of the plot and the upper edge of the slabs 28 is filled in with the refractory material 26 and all spaces between the bricks are sealed with the material 26. The tile spout is then cemented to one of the before mentioned corners of the pot, and the pot is heated to dry the material 26 and heat the brick slabs. This completes the preparation of the pot and places it in condition for immediate use.

Referring now to Figures 8 and 9 illustrating another modification of the invention, the shank pouring pot or ladle I is in general of the same pyramidal form as that shown in the first-described modification, the pot I00, however, comprising an integral one-piece outer metallic shell I02 having side webs I04, I06, I08 and H0 and a bottom plate H2 (Figure 9) secured at its marginal edges to the lower edges of the side webs as by welding. The side webs it will be noted, slope inwardly, downwardly, and adjacent side webs are arranged at right angles to each other and are connected to each other at their side edges and define four sharp corners.

As in the previous modification, the interior of the shell is lined with a relatively thin coat of cohesive plastic refractory material H4 (Figure 9), such as fire clay, and is additionally lined interiorly thereof with side slabs H6, H6 and a bottom slab I I8 of preformed pressed, predried refractory brick. The slab H8 is of square shape and is seated in the material lining the bottom plate H2, the slab H8 being centered in the shell so that the marginal edges thereof are spaced from the inner surfaces on the side webs, the space between the edges of the slab I I8 and the inner surfaces of the side webs being filled in with the refractory material H4. The slabs I I6, H6 are of the same form as the side slabs 28, 28 described in the previous modification and are seated at their lower edges on the interior surface of the bottom slab H8 as at I20, I20 (Figure 9) adjacent the marginal edges thereof and on their exterior sides seat against the material H4 lining the sides of the pot. The slabs H6, H6 are arrangedin interlocking relation to keep each other from falling out of place, that is, each slab H 6 bears at one end against an interior surface of an adjacent slab H6 and at its other end overlaps the edge of the other adjacent slab H0.

The slabs H6 protrude above the side webs of the shell, the top edges of which are bent to form a bead I22 on which is molded as at I24, I24 a portion of the refractory material H4 extending material H4 and to bring the slabs up to..re--

quired temperature. To facilitate drying the material H4 and prevent entrapment of vapors between the outer shen and the brick slabs, the side webs are perforated as at I26, I26.

At opposite sides of the pot on the side webs; I06 and H0 thereof are provided brackets I30,

I30 secured to said webs as by welding and affording a support for the pot on a suitable hand shank (not shown) for carrying and bailing the pot, as will be understood by those skilled'inlthe art.

The pot thus formed presents a plurality of sharp corners, any of which may be used in top pouring of molten metal.

To remove the lining, the pot is tipped upside down and is tapped by a mallet or hammer on the sides and bottom, thus loosening the lining from the shell and permitting it to drop out.

The assembly of the lining in this pot is identical with that described in connection with the first modification.

It is to be understood that I donot wish to be limited by the exact embodiments of the device shown which are merely by way of illustration and not limitation as various and other forms of the device will, of course, be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claim.

I claim:

A foundry pot comprising two mating side sections and a flat bottom sectionarranged to form a four-sided frusto-pyramidal shell, each side section comprising a pair of panels integrally united at one of their vertical edges to each other to form two adjacent sides and an included corner of the pot, each panel having an outturnecl flange at its other vertical edge, the flanges of adjacent panels on the respective side sections abutting against each other, bolts extending through complementary openings in abutting flanges, wedge keys cooperating with said bolts to lock said side sections together, each panel having an inturned bottom projection at its lower edge, said bottom section comprising a quadrilateral plate having a complementary fit within the bottom of said pot and seated on said' projections, said side sections forming two diagonally opposite corners of the pot at said abutment of said flanges, trunnions extending from the other diagonally opposite corners of the pot, each trunnion being joined to the adjacent side section at the juncture of the side panels thereof, a refractory lining coated on the interior of said sections, a single slab of refractory material at each side and at the bottom of the pot and adhered to said lining, a spout comprising a cylindrical tube in one of the second-mentioned corners bonded to the adjacent slabs, said pot being adapted to be rotated on the trunnions in one direction for pouring molten metal from the pot through the spout and in the opposite direction for pouring directly from the other of said. second-mentioned corners, said side sections being readily separable upon disconnecting said bolts and keys and moving said side sections transversely of the pot, thereby breaking up said spout, each side section being coincidentally movable vertically relative to the other and adapted to be broken away therefrom, the slabs covering substantially the full areas of theside sections and serving to promote separation of the refractory in large segments from the side sections during said movements of said side sections. HAROLD WALLIS.

Bavier June 13, 1882 Treadwell June 11, 1907 Number Number Numb er Name Date Byram Aug. 24, 1915' Whiting Dec. 6, 1921 Astrom Feb. 1, 1927 Carrington July 7, 1931 Cofiey Aug. 23, 1932 Goldberg Mar. 9, 1937 Goldberg May 11, 1937 Goldberg et al Nov. 1, 1938 Nicholas Feb. 3, 1942 Nielsen Aug. 25, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France Dec. 18, 1929

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