US1775542A - Apparatus for textile dyeing - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 9, 1930. E. J. ABBOTT 1,775,542

' v I APPARATUS FOR TEXTILE DYEING Filed Feb. 19, 1926 a Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 9, 1930. E. J. ABBOTT 1-,175542 APPARATUS FOR TEXTILE DYEING Filed Feb. 19, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 I I I I I I I I xi i I 4 v .5 7

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Patented. Sept. 9,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EDWARD J. ABBOTT, F WILTON, NEW HAMPSHIRE APPARATUS .non TEXTILE DYEING Application filed February 19, 1926. Serial No. 89,389.

This invention pertains to apparatus for use in dyeing textile or other fibrous materials and more particularly to apparatus of level of the bottom of the dye kettle. Thus,

as the kettle is usually of no great height, the intake of the pump is under but small static head. As ordinarily constructed the intake and delivery passages of the pump employed for this purpose are of the size normally provided in pumps of the ratingemployed, such rating usually being based uponthe delivery capacity of the pump at normal or atmospheric temperatures.

Since the dye liquor is kept at or near the boiling point where the vapor pressure is quite high it is found that when pumps of the ordinary type are employed, the rapid rotation of the impeller of the pump results in the evolution of steam in the pump intake and so-called cavitation. Thus instead of acting upon a substantially solid body ofwater the impeller encounters a foaming mixture of water and vapor which greatly reduces the pressure under which the liquid is delivered by the pump. This decrease in pressure, and the decrease of temperature consequent upon induced boiling on lowering the imposed pressure, is of serious consequence when the apparatus is employed forthe spool dyeing of yarns, roving, etc. In accordance with which the dye liquor must be forced through a mass of material which is frequently both of substantial thickness and density. The failure to maintain a uniform 'or sufficient pressure under such circumstances causes uneven and insulficient dyeing of the material.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide apparatus for circulating the boiling dye liquor in a positive and cer-' tain manner so that if desired the liquor may be delivered uniformly at a pressuresulficient to permit spool dyeing.

in the accompanying drawings, certain preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example and in the drawings. Fig. 1 is a plan view of'a typical dye kettle employed for spool dyeing, the kettle being adapted to contain a plurality of spools, and

being provided with the improved circulating apparatus forming the subject matter of the present invention; I

Fig. 2 is a vertical section substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; i

Fig. 3 is a side elevation at substantially right angles to the plane of the section of Fig. 2, omitting the spools, and

Fig. 4 is a section similar tothat of Fig. 2 but illustrating a modified arrangement in which the kettle is adapted to contain but one spool.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings the numeral 1 designates the dye kettle of any usual construction, here shown as substantially cylindrical and of a suitable diameter to hold a large number of spools. This kettle is provided with a bottom 2 and a false bottom 3 spaced above the bottom 2 to' provide a plenum chamber 4 between them.

The false bottom 3 is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding in number to the spools to be mounted in the kettle and each of these openings is provided with a bushing 5 of suitable material extending down into the plenum chamber 4 and having slots or other suitable openings 6, giving ac.- cess to the interior of the bushing from the plenum chamber- The upper end ofeaeh bushing 5 is preferably" furnished with a flange 7 adapted to support the lower head 8 of a spool having a perforated barrel 9.

The spool is also furnished with an upper head 8*, and for retaining the spool in position during the dyeing process, a clamp plate 10 is placed upon the upper head of the spool and held down tightly thereagainst by means of a rod 11 which passes down through the sleeve 5 and the bottom 2 of the kettle and which is furnished with screw threads and nuts at one or both ends for applying a clamping pressure. So far as the present invention is concerned the exact means for holding the spool in place during the dyeing operation is entirely immaterial as well as the specific means for supporting the spool and for leading the dye liquor from the plenum chamber to the interior of the spool. The steam delivery pipe 39 indicated as illustrative of any usual means for heating the contents of the kettle.

The false bottom 3 of the kettle is provided with a. large opening 12, preferably at its center, having a bushing 13 which extends down through the plenum space 4 and through a similar opening in the bottom 2, this bushing being provided with suitable packing means to prevent leakage where it passes through the members 2 and 3. The bushing 13 is connected at its lower end to the intake or suction pipe 14 of a slow speed centrifugal pump 15. This pump has a suitable frame 16 and a drive shaft 17. The delivery connection 18 of the pump is attached to a delivery pipe 19 which extends up through the bottom member of the kettle and opens at 20 into the plenum chamber.

The delivery pipe 19 may be of the usual size provided with pumps of the ratingemployed but the suction or inlet pipe 14 of the pump is of much greater capacity than usual, being here shown as substantially twice the diameter of the delivery pipe. and the intake 14 of the pump is of similarly abnormal size to accommodate the pipe 14.

With this arrangement wherein the suction pipe of the pump is of abnormally large capacity substantially no difliculty is found from cavitation or foaming at the intake since the body of liquid delivered to the intake opening of the pump is greater than the capacity of the pump to deliver and thus substantially no suction effect is produced by the rotation of the impeller. The pump is thus found to operate in substantially the same way as though it were subject to a very high fluid installations it is impractical to obtain any such high head.

The improved arrangement just described makes it possible to employ a low speed pump, and this low speed of the pump in a secondary manner helps to avoid cavitation at the intake. I

In Fig. 4 I have illustrated a modified arrangement adapted for use with a one spool dye kettle. In this figure the numeral 31 designates the dye kettle having the bottom 32 and the false bottom 33 providing between them the plenum chamber 34.

Centrally of the false bottom 33 I provide a sleeve 35 extending downwardly into the plenum chamber and having suitable slots or apertures -to permit fluid from the plenum chamber to enter the sleeve.

This sleeve is furnished on its upper end with a supporting flange for the lower head 8 of the spool, the supporting means, if desired, consisting of a more or less conical head at the intake, although in usual flange which assists in centering the spool as the latter is introduced into the dye kettle.

Since there is not room in this single spool type of kettle to arrange the suction conduit so that it passes up through the false bottom of the kettle I form the outlet for the kettle in its side wall as indicated at 43 at a point slightly above the false bottom 33.. For best results I arrange the pump 45 closely adjacent to the side wall of the kettle with its intake 44 concentric with the outlet opening 43, a suitable fluid tight connection between the side wall of the kettle and the pump intake being provided.

The pump 45 is mounted upon a supporting base 46 and is furnished with a delivery pipe 49 which extends up through the bottom 32 of the kettle into the plenum space 34.

As in the previously described arrangement the intake 44 of the pump is abnormally large as compared with pumps of the same rated capacity, while the delivery pipe 49 may be of a normal size. The operation of this modified form is similar to that of the form previously described.

With either of the arrangements herein disclosed a substantially uniform delivery of dye liquor from the interior of the spool out through the material carried thereby may readily be obtained since it is possible to produce a high delivery pressure even though the dye liquor be kept at the boiling point at all times.

Having thus described certain preferred embodiments of the invention which it is to be understood merely constitute desirable exemplifications of the principle involved.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for pressure dyeing comprising a dye kettle, a slow speed pump having a delivery pipe of a size substantially normal with reference to the rated capacity of the pump, said pipe leading to the dye kettle, and a suction conduit. of a size much larger than the delivery pipe, extending from the dye kettle into the intake side of the pump.

2. 'Apparatus for pressure dyeing comprising a dye kettle, a slow speed centrifugal pump delivering to the kettle through a pipe of normal capacity as related to the rated capacity of the pump, and an intake conduit of abnormally large size, as related to the rated capacity of the pump, leading from the dye kettle to the intake side of the pump.

3. Apparatus for pressure dyeing material wound upon hollow spools, said apparatus comprising a dye kettle provided'with a support for a hollow perforated spool, 21-

slow speed centrifugal pump having a de- 1 abnormally large as compared with the rated capacity of the pump.

4. Apparatus for pressure dyeing comprising a dye kettle,1a false bottom in the kettle separating a plenum chamber from the main body of the kettle, said false bottom being provided with a support for a hollow spool and having a passage leading from the plenum chamber to the interior of a spool supported upon said false bottom, a centrifugal pump having a delivery pipe communicating with the plenum chamber, the intake of the pump being of greater capacity than called for by the rating of the pump and communicating directly with the interior of the kettle at a point above the false bottom.

5. Apparatus for pressure dyeing comprising a dye kettle, a false bottom in the kettle separating a plenum chamber fromthe main body of the kettle, said false bottom being provided with a support for a hollow spool and having a passage leading from the plenum chamber to the interior of a spool supported upon said false bottom, a pump disposed closely adjacent to the side wall of the kettle, said pump havin an intake of a greater capacity than called for by the rating of the pump, the intake communicating directly with the interior of the kettle at a point above the false bottom, and a delivery pipe of substantially normal capacity as compared with the rated capacity of the pump extending from the delivery of the pump to the plenum chamber at the bottom of the kettle.

6. Apparatus for pressure dyeing comprising a dye kettle, a false bottom in the kettle separating a plenum chamber from the main body of the kettle, said false bottom being provided-with a support for a hollow spool and having a passage leading from the plenum' chamber to the interior of a spool supported upon said false bottom, a slow speed centrifugal pump, and an abnormally large intake conduit as compared with the rating of the pump leading from the intake side of the pump to the interior of the kettle above the false bottom, and apipe of sub-- stantially normal size as compared to the rating of the pump connecting the delivery of the pump. with the plenum chamber at the bottom of the kettle.

Signed by me at Wilton, New Hampshire, this ninth day of February 1926.

. *EDWARD J. ABBOTT.

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