US1764107A - Atomizer - Google Patents

Description

June 17, 1930. Q KAY 1,764,107

ATOMI ZER Filed June. 15, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet -1 \l m Q INVENTOR Oscar Kb BY ATTO ivgsy i a handle 17 it can he slid 4O Patented June 17, 1930 OSCAR KAY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA ATOMIZER Application filed June 15,

My invention relates to and has for a purpose the provision of an atomizer by which.

the heavier hydrocarbons can be reduced to such a fine degree of atomization as to pro- 5 duce substantially perfect combustion when burned, and when heated to greatly facilitate the cracking thereof in the distillation of petroleum.

It is also a purpose of my invention to provide an atomizer which includes means by which the introduction of any desired fluid into the nozzle can be effected so as to be discharged centrally of the atomized fuel jet.

This permits the use of steam to promote combustion and increase the heat of the flame emitted without detrimental action on the plate of a boiler, and the use of heated air in effecting cracking of the heavier hydrocarbons as atomized by the nozzle.

I will describe only one form of atomizer embodying my invention and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims:

In the accompanying drawings;

Fig. 1 is a view showing in vertical longi- 25 tudinal section one form of atomizer embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view showing the atomizer in horizontal longitudinal section;

Fig. 3 is a view showing the atomizer in rear end elevation; and

Fig. 4 is a similar View showing the manner in which parts of the fluid conduit can be disconnected.

Referring specifically to the drawings, my invention in its present embodimentcomprises a tubular housing 15, closed at one end and open at the other and slidably supported in a barrel 16, so that by gripping forwardly to project into a fire-box. In the advanced position of the housing a flange 18 abuts the outer end of the barrel 16; and the housing l may be locked in this advanced position by a set screw 19 threadedinto barrel and engaging within a suitable'r'ece'ss 20 in the housi'ngJflTo facilitate sliding movement of the 7 housing the ends of the barrel are thickened to provide inwardly raised annular portions 21 upon which the housing slides. Thus the barrel between its ends is out of contact with 1927. Serial the housing as clearly shown in Fig. 1 to mlnlmize friction between the two.

Disposed axially a pipe 22, the closed nected to a site end of within the housing 15 is one end of which is threaded in end of the housing and is conn oil supply pipe 23. The oppothe pipe merges into a barrel 23 in which spacing sleeves 24 and 25 are. ar-

ranged to maintain race rings 26 and 27 in spaced relation and in contact with confining rings 28 and 29 threaded in the barrel. Ball bearings 30 26 and 27 are positioned between the rings to rotatably support a tubular shaft 31 secured within the sleeve 25 by a jam nut 32 The'forward portion of the shaft 31 is as thickened, and is provided at its forward end with a threaded collar 33 of reduced diameter to provide an annular shoulder 34. A nozzle 35 is threaded on the collar 33, and a bladed impeller 36 is interposed betw be secured against by locked with.

At the junction of the pipe 22 and the nozzle and shaft so as to the shoulder 34 and thereshaft for rotation thereeen the to the barrel 23 a plug 37 is threaded in the pipe. This plug is provided with a central opening throughwhich extends the inner end of a tube 38. The tube projects forwardly through the shaft 31 with its forward end extending into the nozzle 35 and provided with a radial port 39 through which 011 is adapted to hereinafter 15 a portion of a pipe 40 having its discharge be discharged into the nozzle as described. Vithin the tube 38 end extending into the nozzle 35 for dis charging fluid or a comminuted solid axially into the nozzle. This pipe 40 extends outwardly through the pipe 22 as shown in Fig.

2' and then re'arwardly through the closed "end of tliefjjjhousing where it is connected through a coupling 41 to one end of a U shaped pipe 42, the opposite end of the U shaped pipe being connected by a coupling 43 to a pipe 44 which extends through th e closed end of the housing so as to have communication with the interior thereof. The couplings 41 and 43 are readily detacha spectively,

ble from the pipes 40 and 44, realthough the atomizer as designed only contemplates the disconnection of the pipe 42 from the pipe 44 as illustrated in Fig. 4, when the open end of the pipe 44 is closed by the application thereto of a cap 45.

The housing is provided at its underside with an opening 46 through which air under pressure is discharged into the, housing from a pipe, 47" threaded into a nipple 48 en the underside of the barrel 16. The pipe 47 is adapted for connection to a suitable source of air pressure by which a constant supply of air is delivered to the housing.

The pipes 40, 42 and 44 together with the couplings 41 and 43 constitute a conduit by which air under pressure in the housing 15 discharged centrally into the nozzle when the pipes are connected as shown in 'Fig. 3, or the supply ofother fluid such as steam, coal dust or hot air to thepipe 41 by disconnecting the pipe 42 from the pipe 44 and connecting it to the source of fluid supply.

For lubricating the bearings 30. an oil pipe 49 is provided within the housing 15, one end of the pipe extending through the barrel 23" and the sleeve 24, while the other end is connected to a duct 50 in the handle 17; A

valved nipple 51 is threaded into the upper end of the handle and is provided with a spring pressed valve 52 which normally closes the upper end of the duct, but which can be opened by the application thereto of oil under pressure for forcing oil into the duct and from the latter into the pipe 49 for ultimate discharge into the sleeve 24. As

shown in Fig. 1 the pipe 49' is slightly in-' clined to cause gravitation of oil into the sleeve 24 so that the ball bearings will be properly lubricated. p The operation ofv the atomizer follows: 7

With air under pressure supplied to the housing 15 from the pipe 47 the impeller 36 is rotated by the air as it is discharged from is as the open end of the housing, and as a consequence the shaft 31 isset in rotation to impart a corresponding movement to the noz zle 35. WVith relatively heavy oil supplied to the pipe 22 from the pipe 23 and under slight pressure it is forced into the tube 38, discharging from the latter through the radial port 39 and thence radially into the small end of the nozzle 35. By virtue of its rotating movement and its interior construction the nozzle atomizes the oil as it is discharged thereinto. As shown in Figs. 1' and 2 the nozzle has interiorly the contour of a cone frustum with the inner walls stepped so as to provide a plurality of conical chambers of graduated diameters.

. to the large end of the nozzle in order that A nozzle of, this construction provides chambers of areas. progressively increasing from the small end the pipe 44 resulting in the discharge of air in the form of a jet from the pipe 40 and axially into the nozzle 35. This air jet aids in atomizing and vaporizing the oil as previously described. Further vaporization is effected by reason of the annular jet or film of air discharged from the housingv around the nozzle. v

\Vith the atomizer operating as just described, it is adapted to be employed as an oil burner. The, highly atomized oil asgdischarged from the nozzle produces a relatively long flame depending upon the degree of air pressure employed, and which has been found in practice to be non-productive of smoke or carbon. v

WVhere the burner is employed for the heating of boilers and similar uses, it becomes necessary for various reasons to apprec'iably increase the heat of the boiler for a limited time. In my invention this may be accomplished by disconnecting the pipe 42 from the pipe 44 and connecting it to a source of steam or coal dust supply in order that one or the other will be discharged into the nozzle 35 from the pipe 40 and intermixed with the atomized oil and thus increase the heat of theflame produced. It is important to note that when using steam it is discharged interiorly of the atomized oil and centrally of the annular film of air discharged from the housing around the.

heavy hydrocarbons. In this adaptation air under pressure and heated to a relatively high degree is supplied to the pipe 40 to be discharged centrally into the nozzle 35 and to thereby heat as well as atomize'the oil discharged from the port 39. Owing to the fine degree of atomization of the hydrocarbons and the heating thereof by the heated air supplied, a cracking or decomposing of the petroleum is effected. 1

Although I have herein shown and described only one form of atomizer embodying my invention, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications maybe made herein without departing from the spirit of the invention and the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. An atomizer comprising a housing to which air under pressure is adapted to be supplied, said housing having an opening through which the air is adapted to be discharged therefrom, an atomizing element rotatable in the housing and positioned within said opening to cause the air to be discharged in an annular film about said clement, means for discharging oil radially into the atomizing element to produce in conjunction with the rotative movement of the element a spray of oil bounded in its discharge by the annular film of air, means for introducing a fluid under pressure into the atomizing element axially thereof so as to be discharged centrally of the oil spray, and means for continuously rotating the atomizing element, the fluid introducing means comprising a conduit formed in sections co'operating to conduct air from the housing to the atomizing element, the sections being disconnectible for connection of that section leading to the atomizing element, to a source of pressure fluid or a comminuted solid fuel for conducting either to the atomizing element to be discharged centrally of the oil spray.

2. In an atomizer, a shaft having a reduced threaded extension to provide an annular shoulder at the junction of said extension and shaft, and a nozzle having a threaded extension threaded on the first extension, and an impeller interposed between the nozzle extension and the shaft to be held against said shoulder by the nozzle extension to fixedly secure the impeller to the shaft for rotation with the latter.

3. An atomizer comprising a housing to which air under pressure is adapted to be supplied, said housing having an opening through which the air is adapted to be discharged therefrom, an atomizing element rotatable in the housing and positioned within said opening to cause the air to be discharged in an annular film about said element, means for discharging oil radially into the atomizing element to produce'in conjunction with the rotative movement of the element a spray of oil bounded in its discharge by the annular film of air, a conduit for conducting fluid under pressure from the housing to a point axially of the nozzle so as to discharge the fluid into the V nozzle axially thereof, and means for continuously rotating the atomizing element.

4. An atomizer comprising a housing to which air under pressure is adapted to be supplied, said housing having an opening through which the air is adapted to be discharged therefrom, an atomizing element rotatable in the housing and positioned within said opening to cause the air to be discharged in an annular film about said element, means for discharging oil radially into the atomizing element to produce in conjunction with the rotative movement of the element a spray of oil bounded in its discharge by the annular film of air, means by which either air from the housing can be conducted to the atomizing element, or a pressure fluid or comminuted solid fuel from a source of supply separate from the housing, conducted to the atomizing element.

5. An atomizer having means for introducing and discharging a liquid fuel therefrom in the form of a spray, a housing into which air can be introduced and a blast of air discharged therefrom in surrounding relation to the spray, and means by which either air from the housing can be intro duced to the first means, or a pressure fluid or comminuted solid fuel from a source of supply separate from the housing, introduced to the first means.

OSCAR KAY.

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