US414079A - Hydrocarbon-burner - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Oct. 29, 1889.

J. REID.

' HYDROGARBON BURNER.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J OSEPII REID, OF OIL CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDROCARBON-BU RN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,079, dated October 29, 1889.

Application filed December 26, 1888. Serial No. 294,626. (No model.)

.To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOsEPH REID, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oil City, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure I is a plan view of my improved apparatus partly in section, showing it as applied to a furnace door or wall, the latter also be ing in sectional plan. Fig. II is an enlarged transverse section taken on the line I I, Fig. I, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. III is a modification which will be hereinafter described. Fig. IV is a view showing the burner secured in the Wall of an ordinary furnace, such furnace being in vertical longitudinal section and partly broken away.

It is found in practice that the heat is so intense at the end of an injectorburner where it is projected into the combustionchamber of a furnace that the oil which necessarily drips from the end of the oilpipe and runs into the interior of the injector is volatilized or carbonized to such an extent as to cause such interior to become choked up, and it frequently results that after the fuel has been running at full force and the fiow is then nearly shut off and the current of oil is thereby weakened the drip from the oil-pipe becomes carbonized to such an extent as to ultimately choke up the inner pipe entirely. This would be the result in any furnace where the heat is very intense at the end of the injector; but it is most common in burning limestone and such substances, which make it necessary to project the burner to within a short distance from them.

In burning limestone it is well known to those familiar with the art that the fresh stone should be subjected to a slow or moderate heat in order to prevent the exterior being thoroughly burned or decomposed greatly in advance of the interior, and to accomplish this result with a hydrocarbon burner it has heretofore been necessary to reduce the heat by shutting off a portion of the fuel; but this produces an imperfect result. The flame being gradually reduced and confined to a smaller area, the combustion-chamber is not given the uniform mellow heat that is so desirable for the initial or preliminary burning of limestone. Therefore the ObJGCi3 of my invention is to overcome the foregoing difficulties and to produce other desirable results, which I accomplish by means of a novel apparatus now to be described in connection with the drawings.

1 represents the outer fixed section, and 2 represents the inner concentric and longitudinally-movable section, of a hydrocarboninjector burner, such as is described in my Patent No. 388,718, granted August 28, 1888, the inner section 2 being reciprocated by means of the collar 3, which engages the screw-threaded exterior of the section 1, and has a flange 1 embedded in the section 1, as described in my said patent, to which reference may be had for a more full description of the same.

The end of the section 1 is screw-threaded at 5, and upon this end is screwed a collar or ring 6, having projecting therefrom a number of diverging arms or ribs 7, which form airports 8. Projecting from these arms and made integrally therewith is a cylindrical portion 9, having at its mid-length, or at a point sufficiently remote from these ports, a stricture or contraction 10, toward which the inner surface of said cylinder gradually inclines from both ends. The rear end of this cylinder 9 is screw-threaded at 11, and has secured thereon the inner end of the funnel 12, whose outer end is provided with a flange 13, secured around the orifice in the door or Wall 14 by means of bolts or rivets 15, as clearly shown. This cylindrical portion 9, it will be seen, forms an extension or supplemental nozzle to the nozzle proper of the injector, and at the same time serves as an effective mixing-chamber for the steam, 011, and air, the vapor from which, however, does not combust thoroughly until it reaches the space beyond the stricture 10, where it is allowed to expand, which of course promotes thorough combustion. Sleeved upon the end of the cylinder 9 is still another nozzle or extension 16, having thereon a lug 17, and rigidly sccured to this lug, by means of jam nuts 18, is an operating-rod 19, which latter projects through an opening 20in the fun nel and through a guide 21, projecting from the section 1 of the injector. This rod is provided with a handle 22 anda shoulder 23, which latter abuts against the guide 21 and prevents the extension 16 from being pushed off of the cylinder 9.

The main body of each section 1 2 is, as shown at 31, conical or tapered toward its cylindrical portion 33, and the ends of these cylindrical portions are conical or beveled inwardly at 32, as described in my aforesaid patent, so as to regulate the flow of steam.

The inner section 2. is provided on its cylindrical portion with a number of longitudinal ribs 24, which have bearings in the cylindrical portion of the outer section 1, and

thus maintain the two sections 1 2 strictly concentric with each other, whereby the flow place more thoroughly.

of steam emitted from the annular space 25 between them is uniform throughout. The

ends 26 of these ribs, as will be seen, are bev-. eled at an angle equal to the bevel of the ends of the inner and outer sections 1 2, so that when the inner section is projected forward to close the opening the ribs will abut squarely against the bevel of the outer section withf out producing the indenture that they would be likely to produce should their ends be square.

only.

ing chamber formed by the ribs '7, where they expand over a larger area, drawing a large volume of air through the ports 8, and pass into the end of the cylinder 9, where the volume is again compressed or confined by the stricture 10 in said cylinder. The purpose of the contraction or stricture is .to cause amore thorough mixing of the air and vapor before they pass into the combustion-chamber. It is of course understood that the pressure of thesteam being much greater than that ,of the air the latter has a tendency to remain at the outer edge, or surrounding the volume of steam and oil, and run parallel therewith; but by reason of the first incline in the cylinder 9 the parallel direction of the airis broken and the current of vapor intercepts it. After it passes this contraction. or stricture the gases again expand and combustion takes As before explained, when burning limestone it is desirable to withdraw the flame at a distance from the. stone, and for this purpose I have provided the extension 16,which, when it is drawn back on the cylinder 9, re duces the length of the flame, and when projected out to its fullest extent it extends the flame to the desired spot in addition to destroying the cutting force, or, in other Words, it breaks up the momentum of the products of combustion and produces a soft mellow flame. This result of course will be more fully attained by the employment of the extension which Ihave shown in Fig. III. By

the use of this supplemental nozzle, which I secure to the nozzle of the injector, it will be seen that Iamenabled to retain the endof the latter .at a great distance from the intense heat and thus prevent the carbonization of the oil which drips more or less from the end of the pipe 30.

I have laid particular stress upon the advantages of my burner for use in connection with limekilns; but itwill of course .be understood that I do not confine myself to that class of furnaces, and that the burner may be used in any furnace in which hydrocarbon is used for producing the heat and where these resultsare desirable. In Fig. III I have shown the extension 161 vwith a flaring mouth 27, which is flared at an i angle equal to the flare of the outer end of the cylinder 9, so that the said extension may be drawn back until the flared mouth 27 meets the outer end of the cylinder 9, and thus form i one continuous flare from the stricture 10, ori it may project forward, as shown in. Fig. 1,3 and form a flaringmouth for the extension 16 Having thus described my invention,thefollowing .is what I claim as new'therein anddesire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the furnace door .or wall and the injector-nozzle projecting there/through, .of a supplemental nozzle forming .a mixing-chamber secured to the innerend of said injector and having the stricture l0 remote from its ends, an adjustable sleeve or extension fitted The operation of the device, it will be seen, is as follows: The oil being admitted at the pipe I 28 and the steam at the pipe 29, the latter will produce a siphon within the oil pipe 30,which E will draw the oil therefrom into the cylindrical portion of the inner section 2, from whence it issues with the steam into the flarprojecting through said door or wall, substantially asset forth.

2. Ina hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the furnace door .or wall and the injector-nozzle for steam and .oil projecting therethrough, of a supplemental nozzle secured to the inner end of said nozzle .and having the stricture 10, a sleeve or extension fitted to reciprocate on said supplemental noz- ,zle, and an operating-rod secured to said extension ,and adapted to project it beyond the end of the supplemental nozzle for increasing or to withdraw it even with the end of the supplemental nozzle for decreasing the length of the flame, substantially as set forth.

3. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the furnace door or wall and the steam and .oil injector nozzle projecting there through, of a supplemental nozzle secured to the inner end of said injector and having a flaring mouth and .an adjustable sleeve or extension, also having a flaring mouth, fitted to reciprocate on said supplemental nozzle and adapted to be withdrawn on the supplemental nozzle to cause the two flaring months IIO to meet or to be projected forward to increase the length of the flame, substantially as set forth.

i. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the injector-nozzle for steam and oil, of the supplemental nozzle 9, secured thereto, a sleeve or extension fitted to reciprocate on said supplemental nozzle, the fixed guide 21, an operating-rod projecting through said guide and secured to said extension, and a shoulder on said rod for abutting against said guide to limit the movement of said eX- tension, as set forth.

5. The combination, with the furnace door or wall having an orifice therein and the in jector projecting iherethrough, of a supplemental nozzle or extension secured to said injector and having a stricture at its midlength and air-ports between said stricture and the end of said injector, a funnel extending from said supplemental nozzle backward over said ports and secured to said door or wall, an adjustable sleeve on said supplemental nozzle, a guide on said injector, and a rod projecting through said guide and funnel and secured to said sleeve, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the furnace-door having an orifice and an injector projecting therethrough, of the supplemental nozzle or extension secured to said injector and having the air-ports 8 Within the furnace and screwthreaded portion 11, and a funnel having a flange at its rear end secured to said door and internal screw-threads at its inner end engaging the threaded portion 11 between the inner end of said supplemental nozzle and the airports 8 therein, as set forth.

7. The combination, with the steam and oil pipes of a hydrocarbon-burner, arranged one Within the other and each having the conical portions 31 32, tapering toward the mouth of the burner, and the cylindrical portion 33 intervenin g, of elongated ribs on the cylindrical portion of said inner pipe resting in the cylindrical portion of the outer pipe and having their ends beveled at an, angle equal to the angle of the conical or bevel portion 32, against the inside of which in the outer pipe said beveled ends of said ribs are adapted to abut, whereby said pipes may be adjusted relatively to each other, and the inner pipe JOSEPH REID.

Witnesses:

ToM MACALLESTER, HARLEY W. FISHER.

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