US1737070A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 26, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ERNEST C. BEASLEY, OF JOILIN, MISSOURI CARBURETOR Application filed October 23, 1925. Serial No. 64,417.

zle to assist in the thorough atomization of the fuel.

A further object is to provide for the admission of air into the fuel before it reaches the atomizing nozzle whereby cool air may be employed for vaporizing the fuel, thus insuring the provision of a full volumetric fuel charge to each cylinder of the engine.

A still further object is to provide air admission means controlled by movement of the throttle to admit increasing amounts of air to the carburetor as the engine speed increases.

A still further object is to provide an automatic air valve in conjunction with the air admission means just described whereby the amount of air supplied to the carburetor will be diminished when the engine is operating under a heavy load, to enrich the explosive mixture.

A still further object is to provide novel operating means for the carburetor including throttle operating means and connections between said means and the air admission means whereby operation of the throttle is adapted to vary the amount of air supplied to the carburetor.

@ther objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the course of the following description.

In the drawings I have shown one embodiment of the invention. In this showing:

.Figure 1 is a side elevation of the carburetor,

Figure 2 is a plan view,

Figure 3 is a section on line 33 of Figure 2,

Figure 4, is a similar view on line 44: of Figure 2,

Figure 5 is a similar view on line- 5-5 of Figure 2, and,

Figure 6 is a detail perspective of the air valve and the control means therefor Referring to the drawings the numeral 10 designates a connecting plug having a screw threaded extension 11 for connection with a pipe 12 by means of a union 13. The pipe 12 may be connected to a suitable source of fuel supply. The plug 10 is provided with a central substantially cylindrical chamber 14', and

the extension 11 is provided with an opening 65 15 communicating with the chamber 14. The plug 10 is provided with an annular recess 16, open at its upper end, and a screen 17 is arranged in the recess as clearly shown in Figure 4. It will be apparent that fuel passing through the opening 15 into the chamber 14 will pass through the screen17 to be strained thereby.

A float chamber 18 is arranged above the plug 10 and is provided in its lower end with a screw threaded opening receiving a threadt ed extension 19 preferably formed integral with the plug 10 and extending upwardly therefrom. A gasket 20 is arranged between the plug and'float chamber to insure a leakproof joint therebetween. A float 21 of any suitable type is arranged in the chamber 18 and is adapted to shift its position therein according to the level of the fuel, as will be obvious. The float 21 is provided with an Z5 axial opening through which extends a rod 22, the. upper end of which slides in a guide 23 formed in a cover 24 arranged over the float chamber. A cap 25 is arranged over the upper end of the rod 22 as shown in Figure 4. A spring 26, shown in Figure 5, is adapted to retain the cover 24 in position,

' and one end of the spring maybe secured to the float chamber by means of a screw 27.

The lower end of the rod 22 is provided with a valve 28 slidably arranged in a guide 29 formed integral with the float chamber and provided with oppositely extending open- 'ings 30 through which fuel may pass into the float chamber. A collar 31 is secured to the M their outer ends with knobs 35 adapted to contact with the upper face of the float. It will be apparent that upward movement of the float will lift the knobs 35 and will depress the rod 22 to cause the valve 28 to engage a seat 36 formed in the plug 10. The

seat 36 is arranged at the upper end of a passage 37 the lower end of which communicates with the chamber 14.

The float chamber 18 is provided adjacent its lower end with an offset cylindrical extension 38 which communicates with the interior of the float chamber through an opening 39. A plug 40 extends through the member 38 and is provided with an annular recess 41 in which is arranged a screen 42. A cap 43 is threaded on the upper end of the plug 40 as shown in Figure 5 and gaskets 44 areadapted to prevent leakage between the member 38 and the plug and cap aswill be apparent. The plug 40 is provided with a central opening 45 which communicates with the recess 41 through openings 46. Fuel flowing from the float chamber into the chamber 45 obviously will pass through the screen 42 to be strained. The cap 43 is provided with an axial opening 47 communicating at its lower end with the chamber 45 and the cap is further provided with a threaded upper extension 48.

Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the numeral 49 designates a preferably vertical air pipe which may be formed integral with the float chamber, as shown. This pipe is provided at its upper end with a flange 50 having openings 51 therein to receive bolts whereby the pipe may be secured to the manifold of an engine. A transverse shaft 52 extends through the pipe 49 near its upper end and carries a throttle valve 53 of the usual type. The shaft 52 is provided at one end with an operating lever 54 which is adapted to be actuated in any desired manner, as will be apparent. The opposite end of the shaft 52 1s provlded with an arm 55 secured thereto by a collar 56 for a purpose to be described. The outer end of the shaft 52 is also provided with a laterally extending arm 57 adapted to be clamped to the shaft by a screw 58 for a purpose to be described.

Below the shaft 52 the pipe 49 is provided with a tapered opening 59 in which is driven the tapered portion 60 of a plug 61. ,Th1s plug is provided with an axial open ng 62 which communicates at its outer end with the interior of an atomizing nozzle 63. This nozzle is preferably provided with an open ng 64 arranged transverse to the axis of the pipe 49 and the opening 64 communicates with the axial opening 62 through an opening 65. The outer end of the passage 62 is provided wlth a valve seat 66 adapted to be engaged by a valve 67 formed in a threaded stem 68. The stem 68 is threaded in the plug 61 whereby rotation of the stem is adapted to move the valve 67 toward and away from its seat. The plug 61 is provided with a threaded extension 69 having a passage 70 therethrough and the extension 69 is adapted to be received in an elbow 71. The elbow 71 is connected to a union72 with a pipe 73, the opposite end of which is connected to the extension 48 (see Figure 5) by a union 74 whereby fuel may be supplied to the interior of the plug 61.

A packing gland 75 surrounds the stem 68 and is threaded on the-plug 61 to prevent leakage around the stem, as will be apparent. The valve stem 68 is provided at its outer end with an arm 76 connected by a link 77 to the arm 57. A rotatable member 7 8 surrounds the plug 61 as shown in Figure 3 and this member is provided with substantially horizontal and vertical extensions 7 9 and 80 respectively. The extension 79 is pivotally connected with one end of a link 81 and the opposite end of this link is pivotally connected to the outer end of the arm 55.

Means are provided for supplying air to the passage 62 to be mixed with the fuel passing therethrough. vAs shown in Figure 3 the plug 61 is provided with an angularly arranged partially threaded opening 86 communicating with the passage 62 and in which is arranged a threaded plug or stem 83 carrying an operating knob 84 at its outer end. The opening 86 is provided intermediate its ends with a valve seat 85 adapted to be engaged by a valve formed in the inner end of the stem 83. Air is admitted into the interiorof the opening 86 adjacent the valve seat through a transverse opening 87.

Referring to Figures 1 and 4, the pipe 49 is provided at its lower end with a curved portion terminating in a horizontal extension 88. The extension 88 receives the open cylindrical end 89 of an air casing 90. The casing 90 is internally threaded at its upper end to receive the'cylindrical depending portion 91 of a cap 92. A valve seat 93 is formed on the lower end of the cylindrical extension of the cap and is adapted to be engaged by a valve 94 carried by a stem 95. The stem 95.is slidable in a guide 96 preferably formed integral with the casing 90 and a coil spring 97 is arranged between the guide 96 and the valve 94. A cylinder 98 depends from the casing 90 and is closed at its lower endby a cap 99. A piston 100 is secured to the lower end of the stem and is slidable in the cylinder 98 for a purpose to be described. Referring to Figure 6, the cap 92 is provided with a plurality of circularly arranged openings 101. A bolt 102 is threaded into the cap axially thereof and extends upwardly through an opening 103 formed in a rotatable plate 105 arranged against the upper face of the cap 92. A nut 106 is arranged in the upper end of the bolt 102 to maintain the bolt 105 in position. The bolt 105 is provided with a plurality of circularly arranged openings 107 corresponding in arrangement to the opening 101 and adapted to communicate therewith. The plate 105 is provided with an eccentric upstanding pin 108 which is adapted to extend through an opening 109 which extends one" end of a rod 111. This rod is slidable through the opening in the arm 110 and is threaded as at 112 to receive nuts 113 whereby the position of the plate 105 may be adjusted with respect to the rod 111. The rod 111 is offset as at 114 and has its opposite end 115 extending through an opening in the extension 80 of the rotatable member 78.

The operation of the carburetor is as follows:

When the throttle 53 is in idling position, the valve 67 is adapted to be slightly unseated to permit the passage of fuel from the float chamber through the passage 62 from whence it passes to the nozzle 63 to be atom izcd. Regardless of the position of the throttle, air will be admitted through the passage 86 t0 the passage 62, depending upon the position of the valve stem 83. This member obviously may be adjusted to supply the correct amount of air to the fuel in the passage 62. The amount of air drawn into the passage 86 also will depend upon the speed of the engine and the depression created within the pipe 49. The depression within the pipe 49 is adapted to move the fuel from the float chamber, as will be apparent and the admission of air into the passage 62 serves to break up the fuel therein to assist in proper atomization. Supplemental air will of course be admitted to the pipe 49 from the air chamber 90. It will be apparent that as the shaft 52 is rotated to open the throttle, the link 77 will be operated to rotate the valve stem 68 and thus increase the amount of fuel permitted to pass the valve 67. Atthe' same time, the opening of the throttle rotates the member 78 through the link 81, and this action operates the rod 111 to rotate the plate 105 about the bolt 102, thus increasing registration between the openings 101 and 107 to supply additional air as the speed of the engine increases. The openings 101 and 107 are adapted to limit the amount of air passing into the pipe 49 according to the speed of the engine to prevent the explosive mixture becoming too lean. At the same time it is highly desirable to supply the engine with a somewhat richer mixture when the engine is traveling under a load. It has been found that when the speed of an engine decreases under a load for a given throttle opening, the pressure within the pipe 49 increases toward atmospheric pressure. This action permits the spring 97 to move the valve 94 upwardly to limit the amount of air passing into the chamber 90. The area of the opening between the valve 94 and its seat 93 will, under such conditions, be less than the area of registration of the openings 101 and 107 whereby it will be apparent that the mixture will become richer. If the engine then returns to normal running conditions, the speed of the engine at the same throttle opening will in- 94 and permitting the registration of the openings 101 and 107 to supply increased amounts of air to the pipe 49 to decrease the richness of the mixture as is desired.

It has been found that the openings 101 and 107 are adapted to definitely supply the correct amount of air to the engine under normal runningconditionsto prevent the creation of too loan a mixture whereby a highly eflicient fuel charge is formed, but the provision of the valve 94 is adapted to further limit the amount of air supplied when the engine is running under a heavy load. 7 With the admission of air into the passage 62, it has been found that the fuel passes from the nozzle 63 in a highly atomized condition whereby vaporization may be accomplished by the admission of cold air through the casing 90 to supply a full volumetric charge to the c linders of the engine.- It has been found t at the combination of elements set forth presents a complete carburetor which is adapted to supply a highly eflicient explosive mixture to the engine whereby increased mileage may be obtained per unit of fuel, and the efficiency of the mixture together with the fact that considerablemoisture will be carried into the engine by the cold air, prevents the formation of fuel carbon within the cylinders. With the combination set forth, the proportionate amount of air sup plied to the engine is greater than the proportionate amount supplied with the usual carburetors, which also assists in obtaining increased mileage. Owing to the fact, however, that a full volumetric charge is supplied to the cylinders, it has been found that the additional air does not result in the loss of power, the engine being adapted to develop slightly more than its usual power. The piston 100 o crating in its cylinder 98 is adapted to provi e a balance between the action of the spring 97 and the depression within the pipe 49, thus preventing rapid fluctuation of the valve 94. I

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjolned claims.

I claim:

1. A carburetor comprising an air pipe, a

* by thelatter is positively opened progressively as said throttle is opened, means for supplying air to said pipe, a valve controlling passage of air into said air supply means, connections between said last named valve and said throttle whereby progressively increasing amounts of air are admitted to said air supply means as said throttle is opened, and an inwardly opening spring pressed valve controlling passage through said air supply means of the same air admitted through said last named valve.

2. A carburetor comprising an air pipe, a fuel passage extending into said pipe intermediate its ends, a fuel valve controlling passage of fuel through said passage, an atomizer connected to said passage within said pipe, a throttle arranged adjacent said atomizer, means for supplying air to said pipe, an air valve controlling said air supply means, connections between said air valve, said fuel valve and said throttle whereby said valves are positively movable throughout the movement of said throttle to vary the amounts of air and fuel supplied to said pipe, and an inwardly opening spring pressed valve arranged in said air supply means to control the passage therethrough of the same air admitted through said air valve.

3. A carburetor comprising an air pipe, :1. fuel passage extending into said pipe, a fuel valve controlling passage of fuel through said passage, an atomizer connected to said said pipe and to control the passage through said chamber of the same air admitted throu h said air valve.

5. carburetor comprising an air pipe, a fuel passage extending into said pipe, an atomizer connected to said passage within said pipe, a fuel valve controlling passage of fuel through said passage, means for supplying a relatively small amount of air to said passage, a throttle arranged in said pipe adjacent said atomizer, an air chamber communicating at one end with said pipe, a cover closing the other end of said chamber and provided with an opening, a movable plate arranged adjacent said cover and provided with an opening movable into registration with the opening in said cover, connections between said fuel valve, said plate and said throttle whereby said fuel valve is progressively opened and the openings in said plate and said cover are progressively brought into registration as said throttle is opened, and an inwardly opening spring pressed valve controlling passage through said chamber of the same air admitted through the openings in said cover and plate.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ERNEST O. BEASLEY.

passage within said pipe, a throttle arranged in said pipe adjacent said atomizer, an air chamber communicating with said pipe, a valve controlling passage of air into said chamber, connections between said air valve, said fuel valve and said throttle whereby said valves are positively movable throughout the movement of said throttle to vary the amounts of air and fuel supplied to said pipe, and an inwardly openin spring pressed valve controlling passage through said chamber of the same air admitted through said air valve.

4. A carburetor comprising an air pipe, a fuel passage extending into said pipe, a fuel valve controlling the passage of fuel through said passage, an atomizer connected to said passage within said pipe, a throttle arranged in said pipe adjacent said atomizer, an air chamber communicating with said pipe, a valve controlling passage of air into said chamber, connections between said air'valve, said fuel valve and said throttle whereby said valves are positively movable through out the movement of said throttle to vary the amounts of air and fuel supplied to saidpipe, said chamber being provided with a valve seat extending thereacross, a valve associated with said seat, and a spring normally urging said last named valve toward closed position, said last named valve being adapted to be opened by depression within

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