US976237A - Carbureter and vaporizer for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

A. WESTMACOTT. GARBURBTER AND VAPQRIZER FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED MAY 2a, 1908.

976,237. I Patented Nov. 22, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. WESTMACOTT. GARBURBTER AND VAPORIZER FR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1908.

976,237. Patented Nov.22, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

y A. WESTMACOTT. GARBURETEB. AND VAPORIZER POB. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED IAY 23, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N fill @fd/wwf ALFRED WES'TMACOTT, 0F ST. HELENS, ISLE 0F WIGHT, ENGLAND.

CARB'URETIEIR AND VAPORIZER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led May 23, 1908. Serial No. 434,645.

To all whom 'Lt may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED Wns'rMAooT'r, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at St. Helens, in the Isle of Vight, in the county of Hants, England, naval architect, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Connected with Carbureters and Vaporizers for InternaL Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the drawings hereunto annexed and to the figures and letters marked thereon-that is to say:

The invention relates to improvements upon an inventionv inV respect of which Letters Patent No. 800777 issued 3rd October 1905l the purpose of which was primarily to provide a means of utilizing paraiin oil in the production of an exploslve mixture and the object of the present invention is to improve various details of construction Iof the subject matter of said Letters Patent.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carbureter and vaporizer for internal combustion engines constructed according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 1 1 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional detail view, the section being taken on the line 1 1 of Fig.

y 1, of the throttle valv'e levers and some connected parts. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a plan partly in section of F 1g. 4 with slight additions the part in section being taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7

is a similar view to Fig. 3 of the mixing valve with its seating. Fig. 8 is a plan of the mixing valve separately. Fig. 9 is a plan of the expansion ring separately. Fig. 10 is a transverse section taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of' a carbureter and vaporizer illustrating tlie employment of one auxiliary air valve. Fig. 12 is a plan thereof and Fig. 13 is a part vertical transverse section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 12.

In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference and Figs. 7 and 8 are drawn to an increased scale with respect to the other figures of the drawings. y

Referring to Figs. 1 to 10 a represents a case or chamber within which is removably fitted lon 'tudinally of the case a, a cluster oftubes constituting a vaporizer which tubes at their ends are fixed in tube plates b1 b2, the lower one b1 of which has a beveled or coned peripheral edge b1* which ts against a corresponding shoulder or seat a1 upon the interior of the case or chamber a.

The tube plate b2 at the upper ends of the tubes b is formed with a plain or cylindrical periphery which closely fits the case a and in order to enable a tight joint'to be made between these parts and to provide for the expansion of the tubes under the inuence of heat, which provision has been found to be necessary in practice, and at the same time to hold the cluster of tubes securely in place with capability of easy removal the following arrangement of parts is employed.

A skeleton support or spider c is exteriorly of its peripheral ring c1, threaded, and said ring is screwed into a corresponding thread Patente@ Nov. es, aero.

formed upon the Wall of the case a beneath e the lower tube plate b1 and the central boss c2 of this spider is bored and threaded to form a nut while above the upper tube plate b2 is arranged another spider or skeleton frame b3 which is formed with a peripheral ring b* and said spider is of dished formation so that said ring b4 bears upon the upper tube plate b2 at its edge and also against the case a.

Passing through a central or distance tube is a spindle b5 which near its lower end is formed with a shoulder be which bears upon the lower tube plate b1, and the reduced end 117 of the spindle b5 is threaded to receive a` The upper end of the spindle b5 is thread' ed and passes through a' perforation in the boss of the spider b3, and immediately above the upper tube plate b2 it is provided with a nut b9 Which screws down u on the tube plate and makes a gas tight jolnt, and a nut .blo is screwed upon said threaded upper end and bears upon the boss of the spider b", and the group of tubes and their tube plates b1 .b2 are thus firmly fastened together with capability of easy removal bodily while the natural spring due to the dished formation o f the spider b3 admits of the natural expansionv and contraction of the tubes b under i `varying temperatures. l

The cluster of tubes b is removably fixed in position in the case a by the threaded lower end of the spindle b5 which screws into the threaded perforation in the central boss (f2 ofthe fixed spider (f while the spindle at its upper end is provided with a square H. to receive a key by which it may be turned.

As in my former specification hereinbefore referred to, an opening a2, closed by a door a3, operated by a handle a3 is provided at the side of the case L for the passage of the flame of a blow lamp in order to effect a preliminary heating of the tubes when starting the apparatus, and the case (L between the tube plates b1 b2 is by a way a* connected with the exhaust port of the engine cylinder so that the hot gases circulate among the tubes b and after the start maintain said tubes at the required temperature-to effectually Vaporize the oil and after circulating among the tubes the products pass away b y the outlet (L5.

The case a above the cluster of tubes b is provided with an outleta connecting with the induction pipe of the engine and controlled by a throttle valve e. Screwing into the lower part of the casing a below the cluster of tubes b is a kind of venav ('(mw/caA (Z provided with a lateral tubular branch (Z1 which is connected by a junction (Z2 with an oil supply and the tubular branch d1 is. fitted with the usual needle valve i adjustable by a hand wheel or disk 1 and automatically operated as hereinafter described for regu lating the supply of oil to the vena ('ontracto d.

The .wena contracte d below its junction with the case a is inclosed in a casing (Z3 open at the top to admit a supply of air through the space (Z4 and the lower part of the reim contracter, is furnished with perforations (Z5 which admit air to the interior thereof while the floor of the casing (l3 is provided with a drainage pipe al for any free oil that may accumulate.

i Seating upon the upper part of the rem( contracte at d* is a conical valve Z7 which normally closes the oil way dt* from the branch d1 but is lifted by the suction stroke of the engine so as to admit a supply of air and oil to the mixing chamber (ik. This valve (Z7 is carried by a spindle d which works, in a long bearing (ZQ carried by the bottom of the casing cl3 and extends to the outside of said casing where it is provided with a spring d10 which acts against a washer supported by a regulating nut (In so that the valve Z7 is constantly forced upon its seat'd* with a pressure capable of regulation. The upper part 7* of the valve Z7 is also formed conical and performs an important function inasmuch as it permits the mixture to be carried cleanly into the tubes b and prevents any objectionable drip caused by the lodgment of the oil due to air eddies and thereby greatly increases the efficiency of the vaporizer.

rlhe head a7 of the case a. consists of a chamber open by a way a8 to the atmosphere and in the fioor of this chamber are provided auxiliary air ways or inlets afJ controlled by inwardly opening valves f earried by the lower ends of rods f1 working in long bearings f2 supported by the' top of the head a7 of the case a and said rods are at their upper ends threaded and provided with nuts f3 and around the rods and their bearings are coiled springs f* which atl their upper ends bear againstthe nuts f3 by which their degree of compression may be regu lated and at their lower ends press upon the spread out extremities f 7** of the arms 7' of a yoke the central boss of which is formed as an oval ring within which is a distance collar f and trunnion pins or studs fg are passed through the ring or boss at-itsnarrowest part and also through the collar fs and at their ends engage the thread o3, hereinafter referred to, so that the screw will act to raise and lower the yoke while the latter is free to rock to a limited extent thereon.

The throttle valve c is carried by an arm e1 fixed with a spindle e2 revolubly working in'a bearing al in the head of the case a and the upper end of the spindle c2 is formed with a quick thread e3 which engages the ends of the studs ff as hereinhefore described, and said parts are. so arranged that the rotation of the spindle e2 to close the throttle valve (z will raise the arms f of the yoke and compress the springs f* and thereby increase the resistance against opening of the auxiliary air valves to the suction of the engine proportionately to the extent to which the throttle et is closed so that the introduction of air at the auxiliary air inlets (i9 is regulated accordingly.

rl`he spindle e? of the throttle'valve e has fixed thereon an arm or lever e* the free end of which carries a swiveling eye e5 through which passes a rod eG provided with a collar e7 and the end of which rod is connected with the engine governor.

The governor rod e has a collar es adjustably lixed thereon and around the rod e", between the collar eS and the eye e5 is coiled a spring e so that upon an increase in speed of the engine the governor rod e is moved toward the right, Fig. G, and by its collar ('7 engages the eye e5 of the lever eI and exercises a thrust thereon and more or less closes the throttle valve e but upon the slowing of the engine the governor rod e is moved in the opposite direction to exercise a thrust upon the eye e7! through the spring e9 thus more or less opening the throttle valve (1. The governor is secured to the left hand end of the rod shown in Figs. 2 and 6.

Mounted loosely upon the spindle c2 of the throttle valve c is a hand lever g which near to its free end is provided on one side thereof with a lug g1 which engages one side of the arm or lever e4 and the' hand lever g works over a quadrant g2 While connected at g3 With the hand lever g by a bolt or rivet is a clamping bar g4 which occupies a position on clamping bar atits `free end is bored and the under side of the quadrant g2 and the tapped 'at g5 to receive the threadedend of a spindle ya furnished with a handwheel gs* and Which spindle is revolubly mounted in a hole bored in the extremity of the hand lever g, coincident with the tapped'hole g5. and is furnished With a flange or collar g7 Which bears upon the hand lever g so that by turning the hand Wheel ge* the hand lever g and clamping bar g4 Will nip or clamp the quadrant g2 between them. The hand lever g may thus be set to any point Within a given arc, as shoWnat-F-ig. 6, so that its lug will by engaging the lever or arm e4' prevent the movement of said lever beyond a given point in the direction required to open the throttle i a reservoir (not shown) and leading from the valve casing is an inclined pipe h4 Which terminates over a cup a from Whi'ch a pipe au leads through the top of the head a7 to a position immediately over one of the valve controlled air inlets a9 in the bottom of the head or chamber a7 and the office of which is to supply a Water drip to the vaporizer for the purpose of preventing premature ignition and heavy knocking in the cylinders When using parafiin in a motor of high cylinder compression.

The needle valve h3 of the Water drip is fitted with a hand Wheel h5 for purpose of setting the valve and upon the inside face of the hand Wheel 71.5 is a ring of serrations h5* and loosely mounted upon the valve spindle is adisk it the face of which is provided With a. ring of serrations4 h6* adapted to coact With the serrations h5* of the hand Wheel 'h5 a spring LX being provided-to keep these parts in contact.

Formed on or fixed with the disk it is a slotted arm or` lever LGl* and adjustably fixed in the slot of the arm h** is a stud with which is connected by a ball and socket joint 71.7 one end of a link ha the other end of which is by a ball and socket joint hg connected with an offset e4* from the arm or lever e4 which as hereinbefore described is connected with the governor rod c so that the governor automatically regulates the Water drip. The hand Wheel '51 of the Ioil feed valve z' upon its face is similarly prowith the lower end of a link or connecting rod t the upper end of Which is by a ball and socket joint 5 connected with a stud adjustably mounted in the slot of a slotted arm s the inner end of which is fixed with one -end of a short shaft 277 mounted in a bearing formed in a bracket al fixed' to the head a7 of the case a and to the other end of the sho-rt shaft l is fixed an arm is the extremity of Which is by a ball and socket jointV 9 connected with one end of a` link 1 theot-her end of which is by a similar joint u connected With the offset et* from the lever e4. By this arrangementthe nor-' mal supply of the Water drip valve h3 and oil supply valvez' may be respectively regulated by the hand Wheels h5 and z and the adjustable studs of the ball and socketjoints k7 and 5 of the slotted arms hw* and i and by reason of the connection of said valves as hereinbefore described With the lever e* which controls .the throttle valve the fuel and Water supplies to the'vaporizer will be. 'automatically lregulated synchronously with the supply of explosive mixture to the eugine.

In the example given at Figs. 11 to 13 is shown a slight modification in which a single auxiliary air valve is employed. In this case a single opening a9 is provided in the head a7 of the device closed by an inwardly opening valve f carried by a rod f1 upon the upper end of which is fixed a collar f1* underl which takes one end y" of a lever f formed with a boss f5 having studs f which engage at e3 the screw ofthe spindle e2 of the throttle valve e similarly to the arrangement previously described. The other end of the lever f6 is forked at f7* and embraces a sleeve provided With a flange f under Which the end f7* of the lever takes and said sleeve slides upon a rod fm fixed With the head a7 of the device and at its upper end is threaded and provided with a regulating nut f3 While between the flange f11 and nut f3 is arranged a spring f4 which tends to keep the valve f up to lts seat. The chamber at the head a7 of the case a is in this example dispensed With and the bracket e113 is carried by the case a. e The action of this device is similar to that hereinbefore 'described.

Although the apparatus is primarily intended for the use of paraflin oil it will bc understood that it may be employed in connection with any light oil or with petrol or other spirit.

By the means hereinbefore described the working of the vaporizer is much improved and some slight faults which practical expe-- rience has shown to exist in apparatus constructed according to my former specification are removed.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I dec-lare that what I claim is 1. Tn a carbureter and vaporizer, the combination with an air chamber having an air inlet and a valve seat surrounding said air inlet, said valve seat having an oil passage therein, and the walls ot the air chamber diverging upwardly and downwardly on each side of the Valve seat, a double coned valve having its lower coned part adapted to engage with the seat to close the air inlet. and the oil passage, a needle valve controlling the oil passage, and a spring for normally holding the double coned valve onf'its seat. i

2. In 'a carbureter and vaporizer, the combination with a easing, of tube plates therein, a group of tubes having their ends fastened to said plates, a mixing chamber with which one end of the tubes communicate so as to lead the mixture therefrom, a chamber surrounding the tubes and adapted to receive the heating medium, a rod having threaded ends passing through said plates. nuts on the rod bearing against the plates for holding the tubes therein, a spider below the lower tube plate with which the lower end of the rod engages, a dished upper spider having a central boss having a hole the-rein through which the rod passes and a ringlike periphery bearing upon the upper tube plate near its edge and impinging against the casing, and a nut screwing upon the rod and bearing upon the boss ot' the upper spider.

3. In a carbureter and vaporizer of the character referred to, a case, a rotary throttle valve carried by an arm fixed to a rod or spindle passing through the head ot the case, a quick thread upon the upper end ot' said rod, a leverfixed to the valve rod and connected with the engine governor, auxiliary air inlets in the head of the case closed by-inwardly opening valves pr vided lwith rods, a voke having a central boss provided with an oval perforation surrounding a collar upon the thread of the throttle valve rod, said collar surrounding the thread and pins'passing through the boss of the yoke and the cellar and engaging the thread so that the yoke is capable of slightly rocking said yoke having arms perforated at their extremities and working on the rods of the auxiliary valves, regulating nuts on the threaded upper endsioir the auxiliary air vaves and springs coiled around said rods anl seating upon the arms of the yoke and acting against the nuts of the rods substantially as herein shown and Adescribed and for the purpose stated. A-l. A carbureter and vaporizer comprising a casing, means for supplying oil thereto, said casing having an outlet, a4 throttle-valve :tor said outlet, an auxiliary air valve, yielding means for holding said auxiliary valve closed, means for supplying- Water to said auxiliary valve, a valve controlling said water supply means, and means controlled by the governor for simultaneously closing the throttle valve, actuating the oil and water valves and applying increased tension on the yielding means of the-auxiliary valve.

5. A carbureter and vaporizer comprising a casing having an outlet, a throttle valve for closing said outlet, an auxiliary air supply valve, a spring for holding said valve closed, a water drip, a valve controlling the same, means for simultaneously actuating the throttle valve and water drip valve and applying increased tension on the spring of the auxiliary valve, said'means being controlled by the governor.

(3. .=\carbureter and vaporizer comprising a casing having an outlet, a throttle valve controlling the outlet, an auxiliary air supply valve, a spring normally holding the valve closed, a water drip, a valve controlling the same, a valve controlling the oil supply to the casing, means controlled by ,the governor for simultaneously operating the throttle valve and the oil supply and water supply valves and for a plying increased tension on the spring 0F the auxiliary valve, and adjustable means for controlling the extent of movement of said means.

7. A Carbure'ter and vaporizer comprising 105 a -casing having an outlet therein, a throttle valve controlling said out-let, a spindle passing through the head of the casing, an arm securing the lower end of the spindle to the throttle valve, said spindle having a quick screw thread` on its upper end, a lever secured to the upper end of the spindle and connected with the engine governor, an auxiliary air inlet in the head of the casing, an inwardly opening valve closing said inlet, a. rod connected with said valve, a yoke having a central boss, pins passing through the boss of the yoke into the screw thread of the spindle, the arm of the yoke having an opening therein through which the rod of the auxiliary valvepasses, a regulating nut on the upper end of said rod, and a coiled spring on said rod resting on said nut and the arm of the yoke.

8. A earbureter and vaporizer comprising a casing having an outlet, a throttle valve controlling said outlet, a spindle passing through the casing head and connected with the throttle Valve, said spindle having a screw thread at its upper end, a lever c011- lar surroundin nut on `the end of said spindle and a coiledspring on said spindle between the arm of the yoke and said nut. l

9; A: carbuvret'e-r and vaporizer, comprising a casino' having fan' outlet, a throttle va ve controlling said outlet, a spindle connected with the throttle valve, a lever con# nected with the spindle, a rod connected with the governor and yieldingly connected with` said lever at the free end thereof, a hand lever loosely mounted upon the throttle valve spindle, a lug thereon at one side adapted to engage with the throttle Avalve lever, a clamping bar, a iXed quadrant between the hand lever ,and clamping bar, and means for forcing the clamping'bar and lever together to clamp the quadrant between them.

10.-A carbureter .and vaporizer comprising a casing, a water dri in the headof the casing, a valve contro ling the same, a

- lever connected with said valve, an oil supply at the lower part of they casing, a valve controlling the same, .a lever connected with .said valvea throttle valve controlling the passage of vapor from the4 casing, a controlling'lever for said throttle valve, means for -connecting the levers of the several valves sol that they 4work in unison and'connections to the engine governor whereby the speed ofthe engine controls said valves.

11. 'A carbureter and' vaporizer comprising'a casing, a. throttle valve controlling the flow of vapor therefrom, a lever connected. with the engine governor for controlling said throttle valve, an auxiliary air inlet valve in the head of the casing, a water drip in conjunction with said auxiliary air inlet A.valve for supplying moisture to the air,.a

screw valve controlling the 'said water drip, a hand wheel .connected with said valve, a part clutch on one face of the hand wheel, a disk loose upon the valve spindle and hav? ing a coacting part clutch, a spring for keeping said clutches in gear, "a slotted lever secured to the disk, a stud adjustable in saidslot, ay link, a ball and Vsocket joint connecting the link'with the stud, a ball and socket joint connecting the other end of the link with the throttle valve lever, a fuel supply at the lower part of the casing, a

screw `valve controlling the same, a hand44 Wheel on said valve, a part clutch on one face 'of the hand wheel, a disk loose upon the valve s indle and provided with ac oacting part c utch, a spring for keeping said clutches in gear, alever Xed to said disk, a stud on said lever,`a linka ball and socket joint connecting one end-of the link with the said stud, a bell crank lever mounted upon the head of the casi-ng, and having a slotted arm, an adjustable stud in the slotin said arm, a ball and socket joint connecting said stud with the other end of. said link, a secA ondl link, a ball and socket joint connecting one end of said second link with the4 other arm of said bell crank lever anda ball and socket joint connecting the -.other end of .said link 'with thethrottle lvalve lever, and

means whereby the speed of the engine controls all' o'f said valves.

ALFRED WESTMACOTT.. Witnesses:

J. MAIN,

T. WHITTEN,

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