US1000518A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

'J. HARRIS.-

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8, 1908.

Patented A11gt'I5; 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

'J IaZ J. HARRIS.

. GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8, 1908. 1,000,518, Patented Aug. 15,1911. 2 SHEETSSHEET I.

[VVEZVQWF f5 aid 97..-

1 latter being in a vaporous condition.

The object of the invention is the pro-.

JOHN HARRIS. OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

cannon-Erna.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 15, 1911- Application filed Septemeer 8. 1398. Serial No. 451,942.

To 1: 1 whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN HARRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleve land, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carbureters. of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates generally to devices for producing a mixture of air and fluid fuel and more particularly to devices of that character generally known as carburetors, in which air is mixed with a liquid fuel, the

vision of a device" of the character stated which shall be simple and economical in construction, which shall have means for mixing the air and the fluid fuel in the desired proportions, which shall have mechanism for producing a relative adjustmentof the air and fuel inlet-valve so as to secure any proportion of air and fuel desired, with means for fixing the relative positions of these valves after the proper adjustment is secured, which shall have means for supplying the fuel fluid to its inlet port under a constant head or pressure without danger of flooding, and in general to provide a device of the character stated which shall have a .high efliciency in operation and which shall be adaptable for use on explosive engines of all kinds.

More specifically, the invention consists in certain details of construction which are illustrated in the drawings forming a part- Figure 1 represents a central longitudinal section throu arliureter; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows thereon; Fig. 3 is a similar view taken onthe line 3 3 of Fig. 1;

' 1 represents the upper and outer casing member, the same being preferably of the form shown in the drawings, having its lower end open except as the same is closed by the base member 2 of the casing, said base member having an outwardly extending I peripheral flange 3 upon which the member 1 rests and to which it may be secured in any suitable manner, as by screws passing through the'flange and into lugs 4 on the upper member. The member 2 is preferably a single casting having therein a float chamber 5 that is open at its bottom and an upwardly extending valve casing 6, said valve casing being provided with a downwardly extending conical valve seatfor the fuel valve, hereinafter more particularly described. The chamber 5 and the conical valve seat are connected through the member 2 by a downwardly extending passage way 7 and a horizontal passageway 8, the

passageway -7 communicating with the bottom of the valve seat in the casing 6. The lowerend of the chamber 5 is'closed by a cap plate 9, which may be secured in position in any suitable manner, a packing being preferably interposed between the cap plate and the member 2 to prevent leakage of the fuel. On its, under side the cap plate 9 is providedwith a threaded tubular extension 10 to which may be connected a pipe for conveying the liquid fuel from any suitable reservoir to the carbureter. The extension 10 communicates through aport 11 with the float chamber 5, through which port extend-s the stem 12 of a valve 13, said valve being within the't-ubular extension and having a conical shaped upper end which is adapted to fit against a correspondingly-shaped seatin the cap plate. The stem 12 extends longitudinally through the chamber and has its upper end guided in a closed cylindrical extension 14 on the upper surface of the member 2 above the center of the chamber 5. Secured tothe valve stem 12 in any suitable manner, as by nuts or washers 15, is a float 16 of any suitable material, such as cork. said float being adapted to be lifted by the fuel in the chamber, thus closing the port 11 by means of the valve 13. The float is so positioned on the valve stem as to permit the fuel to rise in the fioa-tchamber 5 substantially to a level indicated in Fig. 1. when the float closes the port- 11 against the entrance of any additonal' fuel until some of The'upper part of the chamber communi 'cates with the outer air through a bent tube the same already within the carbureter has been consumed. The float is prevented from falling an excessive distance when the level of the fuel is lowered in the chamber by a pin or other suitable stop 17 on the valve stem which engages with the cap plate 9 and arrests the motion of the valve stem.

18 which enters the chamber at the top and passes downwardly through the base member 2, thereby maintaining atmospheric pressure above the fuel in the float chamber.

Within the valve casing 6 there is fitted a conical valve 19, said valve having a stem 20 extending upwardly therefrom through the upper part of the casing member l The slot 23, said slot being narrower than the .30

port 22 but extending aboutthe valve the same angular distance as the port whereby, when the port is fully opened, the flared sides thereof will substantially register with the ends of the slot, as shown in Fig. 2'. When, therefore, the valve 19 is operated until the port 22 and the slot 23 communicate, the fuel will pass from the float chamber outwardly through the said slot.

Surrounding the valve casing 6, and se-.

cured thereto in any suitable manner, as by threading the same upon the said casing, is a. cu '24, said cup flaring outwardly and up- 7 war ly and rising'with its edges some distance above the normal level of the fuel within the float chamber. With this con struction, it-will be understood that, when the engine is stationary, the fuel will rise within the cup 24 to the level of the fuel in the float chamber. This cup, therefore, af fords a means for spreading the fuel within the carbureter over a considerable surface,

fso that vaporization can take place very rapidly and the engine can operate satisfactor1ly on a low'suctlon, as is usually necessary when cranking two-cycle enginesj Surrounding the valve casing 6, and rotatably mounted within an upwardly projecting circular flange 25 on the base member 2, isa valve for controlling the air, said valve havin a horizontal annular portion 26 and a vertical outer cylindrical portion 27. In

the annular portion 26 of the valve 1- form elongated ports 28, said ports being preferably arranged diametrically opposite each other, as shown in Figs 2 and 4 of the drawing. These ports are adapted to register with correspondingly arranged elongated ports 29 in the base member 2 whereby, when.

the valve is rotated, the said port-s 28 and 29 a may be caused to register for a greater or less extent of their lengths, thus regulating 'the quantity 'of air admitted to the carbureter. This air is drawn in between the cylindrical portion 27 of the valve and the outer surface of the cup 24; and for the purpose of causing the air to take up and vaporize the fuel within the cup, I secure to the upper rim of the valve an annular ring 30,

Surrounding the stem 20 of the valve 19 is a sleeve 34, said sleeve extending through N the casing l and downwardly against a shoulder 35 at the upper end of the conical portion of the valve 19. This sleeve is provided with arms 36 that extend radially therefrom between pairs of lugs 37 on the upper surface of the cap 30 whereby, by turning the sleeve 34, the valve 27 is rotated, thus varying the size of the air inlet. For holding the valve 19 firmly inits seat, I place a coil spring 38 about the sleeve 34, saidspring bearing with one of its ends a ains ta flan e on the sleeve and h against a washer 40, said washer lying against the inner and upper surface of the casing 1. It will be understood that the ends of the arms 36 normally do not engage the top of the ring 30, owing to the fact that the lower end of the sleeve 34 engages the shoulder 19 in advance of the engagement of arms 36 with said ring.

The sleeve 34 is turned by means of a crank arm 41 that is secured thereto in any suitable manner, as by a set-screw 41 the crank arin having an eye 42 at its outer end whereby the same may be connected to a suitable throttle lever. Secured to the up per end of the valve stem 20 beyond the sleeve 34, is a segment 43, said segment having a slot 44 therein through which projects a shoulder-screw 45, said screw being threaded into the crank arm whereby, when the-screw is tightened,'the segment and the arm are required to turn together. The segment may be attached to the valve stem 20 in any suitable manner, as by providing a split bearing for the segment which may be clamped upon the valve stem by means of a set-screw 46, as shown in Fig. 5. By loosening the shoulder screw 45, any relative adjustn'ient may be secured between the segment and the crank arm, which adjustment likewise effects an adjustment between the fuel and the air valves. The throw of the crank arm 11 is limited in one direction by a fixed stop 47 on the upper side of the casing 1 and in the other direction by an adjustable set screw -18 that is threaded through a boss 49 on the said casing.

With this description it will be understood that when the engine is at rest, the fuel will rise within the cup 24, seeking the level of the fuel within the float chamber. As soon as the engine is cranked, the air sweeping downwardly into the cup draws upon the liquid fuel therein, producing an extremely rich mixture which aids greatly in starting the engine. The forcible rush through the cup of air deflected thereinto by the flange 31 rapidly exhausts the supply therein and completely empties the same with the exception of that part covered by the plate 50 hereafter described. After this condition has been reached andthroughout the normal operation of the-engine the incoming air sweeps up the fuel directly from the bottom of the cup as rapidly as it is supplied thereto through the slot 23. If this slot were left exposed to the suction action due to the air passing about the flange 31 within the cup, the fuel might be drawn through the slot too rapidly, thus destroying the proper proportions of air and fuel. For protecting the slot 23 against this suction, I extend inwardly from the cup 24 a protecting plate 50, the inner edge of said plate being shaped to conform to the curvature of the valve casing 6 and having its edges turned downwardly at 51 so as to more thoroughly inclose the slot.

By the construction thus described, the level of the fuel in the float chamber is maintained and the fuel is vaporized from the cup 24 which is so shaped as to prevent flooding of the carbureter and waste of fuel. The air and fuel valves are capable of relative adjustment for securing the desired. richness of the explosive mixture; and, after the adjustment is made, the valves are so secured together as to maintain the proportions of air and fuel regardless of the extent to which the valves may be opened, it being understood that a movement of the crank-arm 41 produces a simultaneous move ment of the air and fuel valves.

Various changes in the details of the construction shown may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention. and Idesire it to be understood that the following claims are not intended to be limited to such details any further thanis required by the specific terms therein employed. h

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing cashaving a float-chamber therein and also.

having suitable air inletand mixture outlet means through which fluid fuel may be fed to said chamber, means whereby the ful is maintained in the chamber at the desired level, a fuel valve-casing within the inclosing casing, said valvecasing having an elongated slot therethrough below the level of the fuel in the float-chamber, a valve in the valve-casing having a port therein adapted to register with the slot in the valve-casing, a fuel passage communicating between the float-chamber and the port in the walve whereby the fuel may flow from the floatchamber through the said slot'iu the valvecasing, and a cup-shaped member below the slot in the valve-casing for receiving the fuel as it issues from the said slot, the cup projecting above the level of the fuel permitted in the float chamber. whereby the device is prevented from flooding.

2. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing casing having a float -chamber therein and also having suitable air inlet and mixture outlet,

means through which fluid fuel may be'fed to said chamber. means whereby the fuel is maintained in the chamber at the desired.

level, a fuel valve-casing within the inclosing casing, said valve-casing having an 'eloning a port therein adapted to register with the slot in the valve-casing, a fuel passage communicating between the float-chamber and the port in the valve whereby the, fuel may flow from the float-chamber through the said slot in the valve-casing, and a cupshaped member secured to the valve-casing below the slot therein for receiving the fuel as it issues from the said slot. the cup projecting above the level of the fuel permitted in the float chamber. whereby the device is prevented from flooding.

3. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing casing having a float-chamber therein and also having suitable air inlet and mixture outlet, of a float in said chamber, a passage through which fuel may be admitted into said chamher. a valve connected with the float for controlling the said passage and for maintaining the fuel in the chamber at a desired level, a valve-casing within the inclosing casing, said valve-casing being provided with an elongated slot through the side thereof, connections between the said slot and the float-chamber containing passages for conducting the fuel to the slot. a valve within the valve-casing for controlling the size of the opening through the slot, a cupshaped member surrounding the valve-casing below the slot and being adapted to receive the fluid passing through the slot, an air valve cooperating with said air inlet,

and connections between the air and the fuel I valve whereby the two valves are caused to move simultaneously.

4. In a device for mixing air and fluid said member, an air valve surrounding the said cup-shaped member, said valve having ports therein adapted to register with the said air inlet ports, an annual deflecting plate having a depending annular flange extending within the said cup andinterposed between the air valve port and the central portion of the cup, a fuel valve for controlling the flow of the fuel to the cup, and connections between lthe fuel and the air, valve for causing the two to operate together.

5. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing casing having air inlet and mixture outlet ports, of a cup-shaped member therein,

means through which fluid fuel may be fed into the central portion of said member, an-

air valve surrounding the said cup-shaped member, said valve having ports therein adap ed to register with the said air inlet ports, an annular deflecting plate secured to the air valve and having a depending annular flange extending within the said cup and outside of the central portion thereof, a fuel valve for controlling the How of the fuel to the cup, connections between the fuel and the air valve for causing. the two to operate together, and means for adjusting said connections, for the purpose specified. v

6. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing casing having air inlet and mixture outlet ports, of a cup-shaped member within the casing, connections through which the fuel is fed to said member, said connections including a port opening into the member, an airvalve surrounding the said member, said valve having ports therein adapted to register with said air inlet ports, means on the air valve for deflecting the air whereby the same is caused to pass over the fluid in the cup, and a plate projecting from the cup over the said port for protecting the same from the direct action of the air current.

7. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing mixing casing having air inlet and mixture out- .let ports, of a fluid-containing member therein, conections for conducting the fuel to the said member, said connections including a port opening into the member, an air valve having ports therein adapted .to

register with said air inlet ports, a plate; projecting over the upper edge of -the fiuidcontaining member, a flange depending from the said plate Within the, member whereby the air admitted through the air valve is deflected into the said member and caused to pass over the inner surface thereof,-

the same, said valve having ports adapted to register with said airinlet ports, an an nular plate secured to the upper edge of the air valve and projecting inwardly over the upper edge of the fluid-containing member, a flange depending from the inner edge of the annular plate within the cup member whereby the air admitted through the air valve is deflected into the cup and caused to pass over the inner surface thereof, and a plate within the cup covering the fuel port therein and protecting said port against the direct action of the air current.

9. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing casing having air inlet and mixture outlet ports and also having a chamber therein, said chamber having a passage, through 'which the fuel may pass into the chamber,

of means whereby the fuel is maintained in the chamber at the desired level, avalvecasing within the inclosing casing, said valve-casing having a port therein, a valve seated within the casing and having connections with the said port and with the said chamber, said port being below the level of the fuel in the float-chamber whereby the fuel may pass from the chamber through said port, a cup-shaped member secured to the valve casing below the port therein, an air valve surrounding the said valve-casing and containing with the inclosing casing, said air valve having a port therein adapted to register with said air inlet ports, said air valve admitting air into the inclosing casing below the cup-shaped member, a .deflector for the air projecting into the cupshaped member for causing the air to enter the latter memberin proximity to the fuel therein, means within the cup-shaped member for preventing the air from acting directly upon the fuel port therein, and connections. between the air and fuel valves for operating the same simultaneously.

10. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination of a liquid fuel reservoir, means for maintaining a level of liquid fuel therein, a casing, a valve in said casing connected-with said reservoir and having a discharge outlet below such'l'evel, a cup closing said outlet and extending above the level of the fuel in the reservoir a deflector projectingdownwardly into the top of said cup, and a protecting plate interposed be tween thedeflector and the valve outlet,-

said" casing having an air inlet and a mixture outlet and said cup and deflector being interposed therebetween.

11. .In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with av liquid supply chamber, of means for feeding-liquid fuel. to saidchamber, means for maintaining a constant level of liquid fuel in said chamber, a casing inclosing said liquid supply chamber and having suitable air inlet"and mixture outlet ports, a fuel valve casing in said casing and provided with a port located below the level of fuel in thesup'ply chamber, a valve cooperating with the valve casing and having'a port adapted to oommunicate with the port in said casing, a fuel duct connecting the supply chamber With the valve, and a receptacle having its bot- Y fuel in the supply chamber.

tom located below the said ports and communicatingdirectl therewith and adapted to receive the fue issuing therefrom, saidreceptacle projecting above the level ofthe 12. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination of a casing having a,

mixture. outlet port,'-a valve insaid casing provided with a port, a'cup-shaped member- Within said casing surrounding the valve and adapted to receive liquid fuel supplied to said valve, an annular deflector pro ectfuel, the combination, with an inclosing cas- 1 ing having a mixture outlet port, of a receptacle within said casing, means for feeding liquid fuel into said receptacle, a ring carried by said casing, an annulardeflector depending from said ring and projecting into the upper portion of said receptacle and forming an annular space with the upper deflector, and means for means for quaintaining vportion of said reoeptacle,'the interior of said' deflector being in communication with said 'outletpassage, means for admitting air into the-casing "at a point outside the said simultaneously regulatlng h upply of air and of fuel to said casing.

14. In a device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination, with an inclosing carbureting casing hav-inga mixture outlet port, of a fluid receptacle within the casing,

connections through whichfuel is fedto said receptacle, said-connetaions including, a port open ng into said receptacle, an'air valve open ng into said casing, means interposed between said air valve an tacle for deflectingtlie air into said're'cep- I tacle,-and=aplate extending over the fuel port and protecting the same from t e diroot-action of the air entering the cas' .-15."'In a'device for mixing air and fl 'uid fuel, the combination of therein a level of liquid fuel, a casing having an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a valve insaid casing con- 'nected with said reservoir and having a disa. reservoir having charge outlet located below such level, a cup inclosing said outlet and extending above the level of the liquid of the reservoir, an annular'deflector rojecting downwardly into the upperend o the cup, and means for'direct- 'ing the air flowing through said casing be- .tween the deflector and the upper end of the cup.

16. In av device for mixing air and fluid fuel, the combination of a liquid fuel reservoir, means for maintaining a level of liquid fuel therein, a casing having an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a fluid conduit extending from said reservoir into said casing. and having a discharge outlet in said casing below said level, a receptacle inclosing such outlet and extending above the level of the liquid in the reservoir, a protecting plate below the top of said receptacle and extending above said outlet, and-a deflector for directing air into said receptacle, said receptacle, deflector and plate being interposed between the casing inlet and outlet.

In testimony whereof, I hereuntoafiix my signature in the presence of two' witnesses.

JOHN HARRIS.

Witnesses;

.S. E. Fours, J. B. HULL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

7 Washington, D. C.

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