US1721936A - Slab incinerator with interconnected door control - Google Patents

Description

3y 23, was. 1,721,936

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F J WEBER 1,721,936 v SLAB INCINERMQQ WITH INTERCONNECT!!! DOOR- CONTROL Filed June 29, 1925' 3 sheets sheet gg h 6 42 xia Y 7 3 7%., v 1/ 7 m, a gi 197 roe/var Jul 23, 1929. F. J. WEBER 32L93 SLAB INCINERETOR WITH INTERCONFECTED DOOR COITRUE Filed June 29, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 I @vroe FFICE.

FBEDERIGK J. WEBER, 03 LOS ANGELES, CALH'ORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WEBER ms" TOR 60., A COBPOTIQN OF CALIFORNIA.

TOR WITH INTEBCOHNECTEJ) DOOR CONTROL.

Application filed June 29, 1925. Serial Ho. %0,270.

This invention relates to the construction of incinerators, and particularly to incin erators designed for domestic use.

With the passage of city ordinances re- 5 specting the disposal of refuse, it has become necessary to provide improved means for the burning of waste material. A common type of incinerator consists of a vertical structure of fire-resisting material, having an opening near the upper end'thereof, through which the material to be burned may be introduced, and having an opening near the bottom there of, to serve as a draft opening and for the removal of ashes. These comparativel primitive incinerators are not generally me. e

of such size as to receive a very large charge and, as the material placed therein burns, it

is customary to add thereto, ,through the charge openings; but it is found that, when the fire is burning within the incinerator and .the' charge door is open, flames and smoke will issue therefrom in such manner as to.

make the addition of more material unpleasant and even dangerous. It is therefore an I 5 object of this invention to provide an improved incinerator, having a charging openmg provided with a suitable door or cover, and a draft opening having a closure plate, optionally associating therewith intervening 39 means for causing a closing movement of said plate, relatively to the draft opening, when the charging door is opened-thus momen tarily shutting 0d the-air from the, incinerator, so as to cause the flames therein to die down, obviating the undesirable and dangerous issuance of smoke and flame from the charging opening.

It is a further object of this invention to provide simple and efiective means whereby 40 the opening of a charging door and the closing 0 a draft opening may be simultaneously accomplished, as by hand (or by the foot) of the person desiring to place material, to be burned, in theincinerator. This feature is an important convenience, owing tothe fact that the arms of the user are generally occupied in carrying and holding the material to be burned.

The major parts of my incinerator may be cast in the form of separate slabs and plates,

suitable for economical transportation and convenient assembly, interlocking to form a.

rigid structure; and it is a further object of this invention to provide novel features contributing to the simplicity and economy and durability of construction of slab inviding parts edectively cooperating wit a novel grate and draft system hereinafter described.

Other especial advantages and objects of my invention may be best understood from the following description of typical embodiments of my invention, taken In connection with the appended claims and the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of. a preferred form of a complete incinerator,

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through an incinerator of the type shown in Fig. 1. v

. Fig. 3 is a section, on a slightly enlarged scale, which may be regarded as taken on the plane indicated by the line 33 of Fig. 2, but omitting details irrelevant to slab and plate relationships.

Fig. 4 is a similar view, taken substantially as indicated by the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view,

taken in such a plane as is indicated by the lines 5-5 of Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 6 is a separate elevational view, on an enlarged scale, of a feed door and door frame, the frame being cast into a slab.

' Fig. 7 is a detail view, taken substantially as indicated by the arrow 7 of Fig. 6.

. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a. closure element such as may optionally be provided for use, without pivots, in one of the slabs comprising an incinerator cap, as hereinafter described.

The incinerator shown in Fig. 1 comprises a lower tier of slabs constituting a box structure 11. an upper tier 12, and a cap tier 13, preferably formed of separate slabs or blocks, above which extends a stack 14,-the Slabs of the respective tiers being of such form that they interlock without the use of bolts and rovide an incinerator chamber in which" re se hazard.

may be burned without fire In this form of incinerator, the lower section 11 is formed of four quadrilaterial slabs 16,17, 18 and 19, which are preferably cast from concrete, or the like; and these slabs,

which may rest upon adivided or unitary slab or foundation. member 20, are preferably u wardly convergent or trapezoidal and provi ed with mating side or edge formations of the general character shown at 23, Fig. 3,.such that an interlocking effect and a seal may be formed therebetween, with or without the use of a layer 24 of asbestos or other similar fireresisting incombustible fibrous substance. Two of the mentioned slabs of a tier, as the slabs 16 and 18, may be slightly wider and adapted to overlap the edges of the interposed slabs; and beveled surfaces thereof may provide channels 26,

cast therein, The edges 27 of the members 17 and 19 are also shown as correspondingly beveled,-in planes which may intersect substantially at the center of said incinerator, to

- provide shoulders having obtuse angles that interfitwithin the channels 26,incidentally efiecting a bending of any sheet 24 of asbestos, or the like, placed between adjacent slabs, and preventing any slab from swinging inward between its neighbors, although permitting any slab to shift independently 4 and directly outward, without a resultant fracture of interfitting parts. I

The lower edges of the respective slabs may be held in place by means such as upwardly extending flanges 30 on the foundation plate 20; and frames or apertured horizontal restraining plates 31, 31', also optionally cast of a composition such as concrete, may be placed over the upper edges of any of the respective tiers of slabs. The frame or plate 31 is shown as recessed, at 33 and 34, so that it will provide a flange 34', to fit down over the upper edges of the slabs 16 to 19 inclusive, and the flange 33'. to receive the lower edges 35 of the slabs 37. constituting the upper section 12. Thus, the respective tiers of slabs may oppositely contact with an inwardly extending flange'36; and the upper edges of the slabs 37 may be enclosed by the similar plate-or frame 31', comprising downwardly extending flanges 38,-upwardly ex-- tending flanges 38 being shown as partially overlain by interfitting sections 39 of the cap 13. This cap may be of frusto-pyramidal form, and may comprise four substantially identical slabs each overlapping one adjacent slab and carrying anupwardly pro jecting internal arcuate flange 40, over which the lower end or bell 41 of the stack 14 may extend. The wall members or slabs 37 may have the same edge construction as the described slabs 16 to 19 inclusive, and may be placed together, with or without strips of .clean-out opening 44, which extends the full width of the section 11, is thereby formed; and a closure section 19*, for this opening, may be provided with a cast-in handle H, and may rest upon foundation plate 20. The beveled and upwardly inclined surfaces 45 and 46 are preferably non-contacting even .when the section 19 is in closed position. As

indicated, the section 19 is intended to have a greater horizontal length than the section 19", which may interfit between adjacent sections 16 and 18. substantially in the man- 'ner indicated in Figs. 1, 3 and 5,so that it may'either be pivotally swung outward or be completely removed. In view ofthe fact that the edges of the wall slabs'converge upwardly and inwardly in a manner favorable to support the section 19", it will be evident.

that this member will remain in out the use of securing means.

In the described form of incinerator. the

place with slab 16 may be provided, at or 'near its lower edge, with a draft opening 47 having a closure plate 48, operating in cast-in slides 49: and a front slab 37 of the upper section 12 may be provided with a charging openin encircled by a suitable frame 50,-about which the body of one of the slabs may be cast. Supported near the lower edge of the opening, as by trunnions 51. is shown a "door 52: and a flattened portion 53 of one of said trunnions may be vertically movable through a slot 54 in one of a pair of bearing lugs 55, said slot being too narrow to receive said trunnion except when the door 52 is held in a substanti ally horizontal plane. By thus pivoting the door 52 on a horizontal axis near its lower edge, I am enabled to use this door as a feed chute; and. to avoid a jarring efl'cct incidental to the opening of said door. I may optionally surround one-or both of the trunnions 51 with spiral springs S, substantially as shown, on-

tionally. utilizing also means such as the bent wire shown, to keep the trunnion 55 from jumping out through slot 54.

From. for example. an eve 56 movable with or by a handle 57 a. chain 59. or other flexible member, mav extend directlv past a projecting ledge (optionally reinforced at 62 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2) this chain being sncured to the closure member 48 and of such length that when the door 52 is in closed position the'draft plate 48 is raised, thus'allowing the passage of air-through the draft mamas opening 47 whenever the charging door is closed. A bracket 64 may .be secured to the plate 48, or its equivalent, if desired, to facilitate the operation of the interconnected closure members by foot pressure; and, in any event, the described interconnection of parts causes the draft to be shut off when the charging door is open, thus preventing the issuance of a blast of flame or smoke from the charging opening, and making it possible safely and conveniently to place additional refuse in the incinerator.

As shown, I prefer to connect the men tioned closures by attaching the chain 59, directly or indirectly, near the respective upper edges thereof; and for the sake of completeness, I may mention at this point certain auxiliary or cooperating features of construction comprise substance to the protection of which Patent No. 1,575,024 granted March 2nd, 1926 is more especially directed. As shown in Fig. 2, a grate support 7 5, of heavy sheet metal or other suitable material, may be placed in the bottom of the lower section 11, and may have substantially the form shown, a one-piece or other grate 76 being disposed thereon, for the purpose of supporting the materials placed in the incinerator. The grate support 75 may comprise an upper U- shaped frame 77, below which extend inward= ly directed horizontal webs 'Z 8, from the inner edges 79 of which there may extend downwardly and outwardly inclined side walls 81, sloping in such manner that the lower edges 82 thereof may be disposed almost vertically below the outer edges of the U-shaped frame 77.- The grate support 7 5 is intended to be placed with its central or leg-connecting portion disposed opposite the opening 47, or its equivalent, so that V-shaped channels are provided between side walls 81 and the lower portions of the wall'slabs 17 to 19 inclusive,-air passages such as perforations 84,,

being provided in the upper portions of the sloping walls 81, through which air, entering by way of the draft opening 47 into the mentioned channeds, may pass inwardly to the central portion of the grate 76, somewhat as indicated by the arrows 87, in Fig. 2. Upon removal of the section 19", which isshown as extending substantially the full width of the lower portion of my incinerator, ample opening is provided, through which the grate support and grate may be bodily removed with a minimum of elfort,so that all metallic or other incombustible scrap, cans and similar articles may be cleaned from the grate and the ashes quickly shoveled or dragged out with a hoe or other suitable tool. The fea tures here referred to constitute a valuable advance over the known types of incinerators,not commonly provided with laterally removable grate supports nor with suitable means for cleaning out the ashes or other unburnable articles therefrom.

In conjunction with the described features, or independently thereof, I may employ in the cap 13, even though the same be formed in the sectional manner illustrated, an additional closure 88, not provided with hinges, although preferably secured against misplacement by means such as a chain 89, shown as surrounding the stack 14, and as secured to a handle 90, bolted or otherwise secured near the top of said closure. The closure plate 88, or its equivalent, may be used for any desired pur ose, as for the insertion of wet waste above ry waste introduced through opening 50; and it may be provided with reinforcing ribs 91 near the upwardly convergent lateral edges thereof; and said reinforcing ribs may be cutaway near the top and expanded at their lower ends, in order to facilitate the removal or the seating of the same in an aperture 92, within which the described ribs may loosely fit.

It will be understood that an or all of my described slabs and plates may be left unprovided with interior reinforcement, and any of the described tiers or courses of blocks may be adapted to interfit either in the general mannerillustrated in Fig. 3 (two of the blocks being wider than the intervening blocks) or in the general manner illustrated in Fig. 4 (in which each block extends completely over one edge of one adjacent block) but I prefer that my blocks shall meet in broken diagonal planes forming an angle of about 45 relatively to vertical planes which include the horizontal edges thereof, and it should be understood that, when local regulations permit,' the lower portion of one of my incinerators'; preferably including an apertured plate 31 (and optionally employed with a sheet metal or other suitable cover, not shown) may be used alone; or, the upper portion,

including parts above the plate 31, may be I 1y be filled with sand, or the like, tending not only to prevent leakage of smoke, but to re- 1 store the respective inclined slabs, under the action of gravity. to inner positions such as those illustrated inFig. 2; but it should be generally understood that various features of my invention may be independently emploved, and also that numerous modifications, additional to those described, might be devised, by those skilled in the art to which this case relates,-without the slightest departure from the spirit and scope of my invention, as

in broken lanes formed by interfitting, obtuse-angle shoulders, so dlsposed as to per- I mit each trapezoidal member to shift independently and directly outward.

2. In an incinerator, the combination of: wall members of quadrilateral outline arranged for placement in edge engagement so as to form an enclosure; foundation means having upwardly extending projections re venting outward movement of the lower e ges of said wall members; and a frameresting on,

the upper edges of said wall members, said frame having downwardly extending for preventing outward movement 0 the upper edges of said wall members and having upwardly directed flanges; an upper section comprised of cooperating quadrilateral wall members having their lower edges resting on said frame within the confines of said upw'ardly directed flanges; and a cap supported above the upper edges of said u per section and having downwardly extendlng interfitting parts.

3. In an incinerator,'the combination of: wall members of quadrilateral outline arranged for placement in edge engagement so as to form an enclosure; means for preventingoutward movement of the lower edges of said wall members; a frame resting on the upper edges of said wall members, said frame having downwardly extending flanges for limiting outward movement of the upper edges of said wall members, and having upwardly directed flanges; an upperLsectiOn comprised of cooperating quadrilateral wall members having parts adapted to interfit with a cap and having their lower edges resting on said frame within the confines of said upwardly directed flanges; and a sectional cap supported above said interfitting parts at the top of said upper section.

4. In an incinerator, the combination of: wall members of quadrilateral outline, ar-

ranged for placement in edge engagement so as to form an enclosure; foundation means having upwardly extending projections preventing outward movement of the lower edges of said wall members; one of said wall members comprising a fixed upper lintel section, leaving a clean-out opening which extends the full width of said enclosure, and a closure section, resting on said foundation means but engaging beneath said lintel section and normally closing said clean-out opening; and means preventing outward movement of the upper edges of said wall members.

5. An incinerator comprising a tier of flat, trapezoidal side slabs upwardly ta ering and conver ent, the abutting latera surfaces thereo being formed to interfit in broken vertical diagonal planes provided by beveled edges thereon, some-of said planes intersecting the substantially vertical axis of said incinerator; and interfitting means forv limiting outward movement of the horizontal edges of said slabs.

6. An incinerator comprising flat, trapezoidal side slabs u wardly tapering and convergent, the abutting lateral surfaces of said slabs being formed to interfit in vertical diagonal planes provided by beveled edges thereon, some of said planes intersecting the substantially Vertical axis of said incinerator; apertured restraining means extending across said slabs, the tops and bottoms of said slabs being substantially horizontal and retained within recesses in said restraining means.

7 An incinerator comprising: inclined slabs disposed in tiers and provided with interlocking abutting lateral vertical surfaces provided by beveled edges thereon, some of said surfaces being disposed in planes which intersect substantially in the substantially vertical axis of the said incinerator; and apertured restraining composition plates intelartposed between successive tiers of the said s a s.

8. An incinerator as defined in claim 7 in which said plates comprise inwardly extending flanges contacting with horizontal edges of said slabs.

9. An incinerator comprising: flat, trape' zoidal side slabs beveled in broken planes providing obtuse shoulders which permit independent expansion of said slabs without separation thereof but which tend to prevent direct passage of smoke laterally between said slabs. v

10. An incinerator comprising: flat, trapezoidal side slabs beveled in broken planes providing obtuse shoulders which permit'independent expansion of said slabs without separation thereof but which tend to prevent direct assage of smoke laterally between said slabs and to retain fibrous incombustible material therebetween. l

11. An incinerator comprising: slabs so disposed as to form inwardly extending walls of an enclosure; and a restraining plate, said plate being provided with a flange normally spaced from said slabs and with means, held thereby, adapted to prevent said slabs from moving toward an outer position.

12 An incinerator comprising: plates provided with restraining flanges; a tier of upplates and providing an enclosure one of said slabs includin an upper lintel section, permanently hel in place, and a section normall under said lintel section, which is outwar ly movable by Pivotin the same upon its lower edge to provide a c can-out opening, said upper section being retained by an gement with upwardly and outwardly in ined surfaces upon adjacent slabs.

13. An-mcinerator comprising: apertured plates; su e'rimposed tiers of upwardly convergent s abs restrained by flanges on said apertured plates, one of said tiers comprising slabs respectively having an arcuate projection at t e upper edges thereof; and a stack f fitting over said pro ections.

- 14. An incinerator comprising: apertured plates; su rimposed tiers of upwardly convergent s abs restrained by flanges on said rtured plates, one of said tiers comprising a s abs respective] having arcuate pro ections at the u per ges thereof; a stack fitt over sai projection; a s ark arrester an means for an rting sai spark arrester at' the top of am 15. An incinerator comprising a tier of flat, trapezoidal side slabs upwar tapering and convergent, the abutting lateral surfaces thereof being formed to interfit in broken 7 vertical diagonal plane s provided by beveled edges thereon, some of said lanes mtersecting the substantiall vertica axis of said incinerator, said beve ed edges providing interfitting means for limiting outward movement of the horizontal edges of said slabs and in which each slab completely overlaps one end of one adjacent slab.

16. An incinerator comprising: plates provided with retainin flan es; 0. tier of u wardly convergent bs eld between said plates and providing an enclosure, one of,

said slabs including a lintel section permanently held in place forming a clean-out opening therebe ow into said enclosure; and a cover section for said open which is outwardly movable by pivoting e same upon its lower edge.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 22nd day of June, 1925.

FREDERICK J. WEBER;

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