US2757622A - Incinerator construction - Google Patents

Description

'Aug. 7, 1956 R. F. BUCHANAN INCINEIRATOR CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 5, 1953 INVENTOR.

Robert F. Buchanan czw (##1##,4

AT TO R N E YS INQIINERATOR CONSTRUCTION Robert F. Buchanan, Denver, Colo.

Application January 5, 1953, Serial No. 329,658 4 Claims. or. 110-18 This invention relates to incinerators and more particularly one which can be constructed at a factory and then installed at the place it is to be used.

One of the objects of the invention is to produce an improved incinerator having a combined feeder door and spark arrester draft or smoke outlet.

Another object is to provide in an incinerator an improved pivotal mounting means for the feeder door thereof.

Still a further object is to produce an improved precast incinerator construction and particularly the manner of constructing and assembling the walls and top thereof so as to compensate for expansion and contraction of the parts.

Yet another object is to produce an improved top structure for an incinerator including a feeder door forming a part thereof.

Other objects of my invention will becomeapparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a perspective view of an incinerator embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the incinerator;

Figure 3 is a view of a corner construction with the top removed;

Figure 4 is a side view of the top, with parts broken away to show its locking relationship with the side Walls and also the manner of mounting of the door so it will remain open when swung to its full open position;

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view through the incinerator showing the grate mounting; and

Figure 6 is a view showing the door mounted upside down so it can act as a grate for combustible material.

Referring to the drawings in detail and first-to Figures 1 to 5, my improved incinerator is preferably constructed from precast settable plastic material (cement, sand, etc.) to form the main body thereof. This material is first formed into slabs with slabs 10 and 11 forming the front and rear side walls and with slabs 12 and 13 forming the two side walls. These wall slabs have their side edges irregular in the lateral direction, preferably stepped as shown at 14 in Figure 5. The slab edges can thus interengage and when held in this relationship by cross corner stay bolts 15, the incinerator body will have a strong construction. The wall slabs are each alike and preferably of the shape of an isosceles trapezoid so that when assembled the incinerator will have the form of a frustum of a pyramid. During casting of the walls the outer surface is preferably formed to have an irregular rock-like appearance. The walls are mounted on a base slab 16 and the front wall 10 at its bottom is provided with a cleanout hole 17 which can be closed by a suitable loose block 18 merely set therein on the base slab.

The top of the incinerator comprises a slab T which can be precast as a single piece, but is shown as made from two pieces 19 and 20 which can be held together by mortar. The top has a central square opening 21 States Patent 2,757,622 Patented Aug. 7, 1955 ice and the under side around the opening has a groove 22 which is arranged to receive the top edges of the walls, all as shown in Figure 4. The front of the opening has an inwardly extending ledge 23 which will act as a stop for the top front edge of the door when it is closed.

The top door D for the incinerator is preferably made from cast iron and is a single piece. It is a combined feeder door and spark arrester draft or smoke outlet. The door is square and shaped to provide a dome which is shown as a frustum of a pyramid but may be other shapes. The door has a plurality of holes 24 therethrough to allow for a draft through the incinerator and an escape of smoke so that burning of material therein will be eflicient. The door, because of the spacing of the holes, acts to stop or arrest sparks that may rise from the burning material. The door has trunnions 25 and 26 on its opposite sides. These trunnions are arranged to set into recesses 27 and 28 in the top T of the incinerator such being on opposite sides of the openings. When the door is closed as shown in Figure 1, the trunnions support the rear portion of the door and the front of the door rests on the ledge 23.

The positioning of the trunnions on the door and their point of pivotal rest in the recesses 27 and 28 is an important feature of my incinerator. Not only is the rear portion of the door supported when it is closed, but also support is given to the door when it is open in such a way that a major portion of the opening 21 is available to feed material into the incinerator. When the door is swung upwardly on the trunnions by grasping the handle 29 at the front thereof, it will assume a full open position and be maintained there as disclosed in Figure 4. This is accomplished by providing stops 30 and 31 extending inwardly from the side walls of the opening in the top. These stops are below and forwardly of the recesses for the trunnion, all as illustrated in Figures 2 and 4. Thus, when the door is swung open on its trunnion, the rear portion of the door will move downwardly into the top opening and engage the stops. Because of the position of the stops, the front of the door will pass over vertical and then stand open because of the action of gravity, all as illustrated in Figure 2 in dashed lines.

The grate G for the incinerator is located in the bottom thereof and is shown in Figure 5. The grate has pivot shafts 32 and 33 extending from opposite sides and these are journaled in holes in the side wall slabs 12 and 13. One shaft shown as 33 has a right angle portion 34 at its outer end which provides a treadle for dumping the grate by foot action. The forward side of the grate has a lug 35 which is arranged to engage a ledge 36 in the front wall slab to hold the grate level. It will be noted the pivot shafts 32 and 33 of the grate are forward of the central cross axis of the grate, thus unbalancing the pivotal mounting of the grate so the action of gravity can normally swing it to its level position.

It will be especially noted that my incinerator is simple in construction and easy to make and assemble. Only one member need be made to obtain both a feeder door and a spark arrester draft and smoke outlet. The pivotal mounting of the door to the top is easily and cheaply accomplished and yet obtains a good size feeder opening of the hole in the top when the door is moved to its open position.

Another feature about my door is illustrated in Figure 6. Merely by turning the door upside down and reversing the trunnions in the recesses in the top, there will be provided a good grate for combustible material such as charcoal. It will be noted that with the door upside down, a dished perforated structure will be present which can efficiently hold charcoal and yet allow for a draft so proper burning can take place. This will permit the door to be used for outside cooking purposes.

I am aware that modifications can be made in the incinerator described, all without departing from the fundamental principles of my invention, and I therefore desire it to be understood that the scope of my invention is not to be limited except in accordance With the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A relatively immovable incinerator having a broad base structure for engaging a flat support and being provided with side walls and a top with the top being provided with a central opening with recesses on opposite sides thereof, a door for the top, means including trunnions carried by opposite sides of the door to be removably received in the recesses for pivoting the door to opposite sides of the top, and door stops on the same sides of the top openings as the trunnion recesses, said stops being positioned forwardly and below the pivot points so that when the front end of the door is raised and the door caused to swing on its trunnion the rear portion of the door will move downwardly and engage the stops and hold the door in an open position with the front portion of the door at a point past a vertical line passing through the trunnions, said door being dome shaped and provided with a plurality of holes therethrough and said trunnions and recesses permitting the door to be readily turned upside down and placed in the top opening so as to be used as a grate for combustible material.

2. An incinerator as defined in claim 1 wherein the side walls are separately constructed from precast plastic material, and there is provided means for holding the side walls together so that they inwardly converge from the base structure to the top, said top also being made from precast plastic material.

3. A relatively immovable incinerator comprising a broad base structure for engaging a fiat support and being provided with separately constructed side walls having rabbetted side edges for interengaging relationship, means for holding the side walls together at their corners, a top for the side walls having its lower surface nonplanular to interengage with the top edges of the walls,

said top having a central rectangular opening and recesses open at their tops on opposite sides thereof, a combined door and spark arrester mounted on the top to cover the opening, said combined door having trunnions on opposite sides to be removably received in the recesses to thereby provide a pivotal mounting of the door and being of a rectangular shape with a plurality of small holes therethrough, stop means carried by the top below the door and independently of the side walls, said stop means being so positioned, that the part of the door rearward of the trunnions will engage the stop means when the forward part of the door is swung upwardly about the trunnions as pivots and to a position past the vertical, and a handle at the forward end of the door, said top at the front of the opening having additional stop means for engagement by the front of the door to support the door in a closed position relative to the opening.

4. An incinerator as defined in claim 3 wherein there is provided a grate pivoted to opposite side walls adjacent the bottom of the incinerator, means for pivoting the grate to dump ashes therefrom and one of the side walls having abutment means for cooperation with a part extending from the grate to normally maintain said grate level, said one wall being solid except for a clean-out hole near the bottom thereof.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 448,423 Garretson Mar. 17, 1891 1,124,529 Rudd Ian. 12, 1915 1,147,189 Rue July 20, 1915 1,275,651 Borge Aug. 13, 1918 1,415,149 Condon May 9, 1922 1,576,289 Ledden Mar. 9, 1926 1,648,119 Hallett Nov. 8, 1927 1,721,936 Weber July 23, 1929 1,737,638 Carlson Dec. 3, 1929 2,121,514 Waterman June 21, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS 18,565 Australia Feb. 13, 1930

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