US1701849A - Electric discharge tube - Google Patents

Electric discharge tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US1701849A
US1701849A US654481A US65448123A US1701849A US 1701849 A US1701849 A US 1701849A US 654481 A US654481 A US 654481A US 65448123 A US65448123 A US 65448123A US 1701849 A US1701849 A US 1701849A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
electric discharge
hafnium
discharge tube
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US654481A
Inventor
Holst Gilles
Oosterhuis Ekko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1701849A publication Critical patent/US1701849A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/14—Solid thermionic cathodes characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12812—Diverse refractory group metal-base components: alternative to or next to each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/1284—W-base component

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric discharge-tubes, more particularly it relates to discharge-tubes being provided with an incandescent cathode.
  • incandescent cathodes of discharge-tubes are at least at their surface made of hafnium, i. e. the element the atomic number of which is 7 2.
  • Hafnium is highly refractory and has a low constant of Richardson.
  • the said metal has consequently the advantage that at a. temperature at which the speedof volatilization is exceedingly small it has a very high emission of electrons.
  • Discharge-tubes with glowcathodes accordin r to the invention are quite suitable for use as -ray tubes, rectifiers, receivingand generating tubes or amplifiers for wireless telcgraphy and telephony and other purposes.
  • the accompanying drawing shows a discharge-tube with three electrodes, viz an incandescent cathode, an anode and a grid, such as are generally applied as receivers or amplifiers for wireless telegraphy, telephony or other purposes.
  • a closed envelope 1 which may consist of glass or the like is provided with a stem 9 supporting the electrodes.
  • the electrodes are concentrically arranged within each other.
  • the anode 2 consisting for example of nickel, is shaped as a nearly closed cylinder and is supported by its current-lead 5.
  • the grid 3 consists of a coiled 654,481, and in France February 21, 1923.
  • the incandescent cathode, 4 is a wire stretched between current-leads 7 and 8.
  • the current-leads 5, 6, 7 and 8 are hermetically sealed into the stem 9.
  • the envelope 1 may be highly evacuated in any known manner.
  • the incandescent cathode 4 may consist of hafnium. It may also consist of acore of a suitable refractory material, having a covering of hafnium; the core may consist for example of tungsten.
  • R 1 An electrode for an electric discharge tube comprising a cathode containing hafmum.
  • An electric discharge tube comprising a cathode thesurface of which contains hafmum.
  • a cathode adapted to emit electrons, said cathode comprising a core of conducting refractory material and a coating of hafnlum.
  • An electron "emitting cathode comprising a filamentary conductor containing hafnium.
  • An electron emitting cathode comprising a filamentary conductor the surface of which contains hafnium.
  • An electron emitting cathode comprising a filamentary conductor having a coating of hafnium.
  • An electron emitting cathode comprising a core of tungsten coated with a film of hafnium.
  • a cathode for electron-discharge devices having the element hafnium as a constituent thereof.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)

Description

Feb. 12, 1929. 1,701,849
G. HOLST ET AL ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBE Filed July 28, 1923 Patented Feb. 12, 1929.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GILLES HOLS'I. AND EKKO OOSTERHUIS, F EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS, ASSIGNORS TO NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCEAP PHILIPS GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN, OF EIND- HOVEIT, NETHERLANDS.
ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBE.
Application filed July 28, 1923, Serial No.
The present invention relates to electric discharge-tubes, more particularly it relates to discharge-tubes being provided with an incandescent cathode.
It is known to compose the incandescent cathode of such devices of a highly refractory metal, such as for example tungsten.
According to the present invention incandescent cathodes of discharge-tubes are at least at their surface made of hafnium, i. e. the element the atomic number of which is 7 2. Hafnium is highly refractory and has a low constant of Richardson. The said metal has consequently the advantage that at a. temperature at which the speedof volatilization is exceedingly small it has a very high emission of electrons.
According to the invention, it is also possible to make only the surface of glowca-thodes of discharge-tubes of hafnium. In this case the surface of a. glowing bod of other materials such as tungsten may e covered with hafnium.
Discharge-tubes with glowcathodes accordin r to the invention are quite suitable for use as -ray tubes, rectifiers, receivingand generating tubes or amplifiers for wireless telcgraphy and telephony and other purposes.
The accompanying drawing shows a discharge-tube with three electrodes, viz an incandescent cathode, an anode and a grid, such as are generally applied as receivers or amplifiers for wireless telegraphy, telephony or other purposes.
In the drawing a closed envelope 1 which may consist of glass or the like is provided with a stem 9 supporting the electrodes.
The electrodes are concentrically arranged within each other. The anode 2, consisting for example of nickel, is shaped as a nearly closed cylinder and is supported by its current-lead 5. The grid 3 consists of a coiled 654,481, and in France February 21, 1923.
wire of suitable metal, for example nickel or molybdenum and is supported by the currentlead 6; The incandescent cathode, 4 is a wire stretched between current-leads 7 and 8.
The current-leads 5, 6, 7 and 8 are hermetically sealed into the stem 9.
The envelope 1 may be highly evacuated in any known manner.
According to the invention the incandescent cathode 4 may consist of hafnium. It may also consist of acore of a suitable refractory material, having a covering of hafnium; the core may consist for example of tungsten.
What we claim is R 1. An electrode for an electric discharge tube comprising a cathode containing hafmum.
2. An electric discharge tube comprising a cathode thesurface of which contains hafmum. 1
3. In electron discharge tubes, a cathode adapted to emit electrons, said cathode comprising a core of conducting refractory material and a coating of hafnlum.
4. An electron "emitting cathode comprising a filamentary conductor containing hafnium.
5. An electron emitting cathode comprising a filamentary conductor the surface of which contains hafnium.
6. An electron emitting cathode comprising a filamentary conductor having a coating of hafnium.
7. An electron emitting cathode comprising a core of tungsten coated with a film of hafnium.
8. A cathode for electron-discharge devices having the element hafnium as a constituent thereof.
In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.
GILLES HOLST. EKKO OOSTERHUIS.
US654481A 1923-02-21 1923-07-28 Electric discharge tube Expired - Lifetime US1701849A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR423178X 1923-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1701849A true US1701849A (en) 1929-02-12

Family

ID=8898679

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US654481A Expired - Lifetime US1701849A (en) 1923-02-21 1923-07-28 Electric discharge tube

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1701849A (en)
DE (1) DE423178C (en)
FR (1) FR573663A (en)
GB (1) GB211825A (en)
NL (1) NL13930C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174063A (en) * 1960-04-27 1965-03-16 Gen Electric Compatible electrode system in vacuum thermionic apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174063A (en) * 1960-04-27 1965-03-16 Gen Electric Compatible electrode system in vacuum thermionic apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE423178C (en) 1925-12-21
NL13930C (en)
GB211825A (en) 1924-05-01
FR573663A (en) 1924-06-27

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