DE423178C - Discharge tubes with glow cathode - Google Patents

Discharge tubes with glow cathode

Info

Publication number
DE423178C
DE423178C DEN22223D DEN0022223D DE423178C DE 423178 C DE423178 C DE 423178C DE N22223 D DEN22223 D DE N22223D DE N0022223 D DEN0022223 D DE N0022223D DE 423178 C DE423178 C DE 423178C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cathode
hafnium
discharge tubes
glow cathode
hot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEN22223D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE423178C publication Critical patent/DE423178C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/14—Solid thermionic cathodes characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12812—Diverse refractory group metal-base components: alternative to or next to each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/1284—W-base component

Description

Gemäß der Erfindung werden Glühkathoden von Entladeröhren aus Hafnium hergestellt. Dieses Metall bietet den Vorteil, daß es bei einer Temperatur, bei der die Verdampfungsgeschwindigkeit äußerst gering ist, eine sehr hohe Elektronenemission hat.According to the invention, hot cathodes of discharge tubes are made from hafnium. This metal has the advantage that it is at a temperature at which the rate of evaporation is extremely low, has a very high electron emission.

Anstatt die ganze Glühkathode aus Hafnium herzustellen, kann man auch die Kathode aus einem anderen Stoff, ζ. Β. aus Wolfram, fertigen und dessen Oberfläche mit Hafnium überziehen.Instead of making the entire hot cathode from hafnium, you can also make the cathode made of a different material, ζ. Β. made of tungsten, and its surface with Coating hafnium.

Gegenüber den bekannten Glühkathoden aus dem dem Hafnium homologen Metall Zirkon besitzt das Hafnium dadurch wesentliche Vorzüge, daß es einerseits eine niedrigere Richardsonsche Konstante und andererseits einen höheren Schmelzpunkt als Zirkon besitzt. Denn aus der niedrigeren Richardsonschen Konstanten ergibt sich, daß bei ' gleicher Kathodentemperatur und gleicher Anodenspannung eine Hafniumkathode mehr Elektronen aussenden wird als eine Zirkonkathode, und aus dem höheren Schmelzpunkte, daß die Temperatur und damit die Elektronenemission bei einer Hafniumkathode weit höher gesteigert werden kann, ohne daß die Verdampfung der Hafniumkathode größer ist als diejenige der Zirkonkathode.Compared to the known hot cathodes made of the metal zirconium, which is homologous to hafnium Hafnium has essential advantages in that on the one hand it has a lower value Richardson's constant and, on the other hand, has a higher melting point than zircon. Because from the lower Richardson Constants it follows that with 'the same cathode temperature and the same Anode voltage a hafnium cathode will emit more electrons than a zirconium cathode, and from the higher melting points that the temperature and thus the electron emission with a hafnium cathode can be increased much higher without the evaporation of the hafnium cathode being greater than that of the zirconium cathode.

Entladeröhren mit Glühkathoden gemäß der Erfindung eignen sich vorzüglich zur Verwendung als Röntgenröhren, Gleichrichter, Empfangs- und Sendelampen oder Verstärker für Telegraphic oder Telephonic und ähnliche Zwecke.Discharge tubes with hot cathodes according to the invention are particularly suitable for Use as X-ray tubes, rectifiers, receiving and transmitting lamps or amplifiers for Telegraphic or Telephonic and similar purposes.

Hafnium ist ein sehr duktiles Metall und kann nach den für Zirkon an sich bekannten Methoden bearbeitet werden. Eine Glühkathode nach der Erfindung läßt sich sehr einfach herstellen, indem man Hafniummetallpulver einer bloßen Pressung unterwirft.Hafnium is a very ductile metal and can be compared to the ones known for zircon Methods are processed. A hot cathode according to the invention can be produced very easily by using hafnium metal powder subjected to a mere compression.

Claims (2)

Patent-Ansprüche:Patent Claims: 1. Entladeröhre mit Glühkathode, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kathode aus Hafnium besteht.1. discharge tube with hot cathode, characterized in that the cathode consists of hafnium. 2. Entladeröhre mit Glühkathode, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nur die Oberfläche der Kathode aus Hafnium besteht.2. Discharge tube with hot cathode, characterized in that only the surface the cathode is made of hafnium.
DEN22223D 1923-02-21 1923-06-24 Discharge tubes with glow cathode Expired DE423178C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR423178X 1923-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE423178C true DE423178C (en) 1925-12-21

Family

ID=8898679

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEN22223D Expired DE423178C (en) 1923-02-21 1923-06-24 Discharge tubes with glow cathode

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1701849A (en)
DE (1) DE423178C (en)
FR (1) FR573663A (en)
GB (1) GB211825A (en)
NL (1) NL13930C (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174063A (en) * 1960-04-27 1965-03-16 Gen Electric Compatible electrode system in vacuum thermionic apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US1701849A (en) 1929-02-12
NL13930C (en)
GB211825A (en) 1924-05-01
FR573663A (en) 1924-06-27

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