US169793A - Improvement in the manufacture of spiegeleisen - Google Patents
Improvement in the manufacture of spiegeleisen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US169793A US169793A US169793DA US169793A US 169793 A US169793 A US 169793A US 169793D A US169793D A US 169793DA US 169793 A US169793 A US 169793A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- manganese
- carbon
- spiegeleisen
- iron
- improvement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001301 Spiegeleisen Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000499 pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
Definitions
- My process does not require the employment of man ganiferous iron ore, nor of prepared iron, nor any excessive quantity of carboniferous fuel, and an alloy can be produced with any predetermined proportion of iron, manganese, and carbon, because in such a closed respectively, of carbon and manganese.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT ()Frxon.
JAMES H. ETHERIDGE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.
IMPROVEMENT lN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPIEGELEISEN.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent Nol69,793, dated November 9, 1875; application filed October 1,1875.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMEs H. ETHERIDGE, of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, have invented an Improved Process of Manufacturing Spiegeleisen, of which the following is a specification Spiegeleisen is an alloy of iron, manganese, and carbon; and has heretofore been manufactured by reduction in an open furnace.
naces heretofore proposed it has been necessary either to employ the natural manganiferous iron ore, which, so far as known, is confined to a few localities, and is very costly, or to use an excessive quantity of carboniferous fuel, one of the effects of which is the deposition of uncombined carbon in the form of graphite. It has also been impossible to so control the process that an alloy with any desired and predetermined proportions of iron, manganese, and carbon could be produced, because it has been found that, as the per centum of manganese increased the per centum of carbon decreased, and crystalline structure disappeared. All of these objectionable conditions or disadvantages are obviated by my invention, which consists in fusing the iron and manganese, in the presence of carbon, in a chamber closed against the admission of atmospheric air.
My process does not require the employment of man ganiferous iron ore, nor of prepared iron, nor any excessive quantity of carboniferous fuel, and an alloy can be produced with any predetermined proportion of iron, manganese, and carbon, because in such a closed respectively, of carbon and manganese.
chamber there can be no material combustion and loss of the carbon. I therefore prepare a proper chamber or crucible, of some sufficiently refractory substance, to which heat may be applied exteriorly, and the proper charge, composed of iron, manganese, and carbon, separately prepared, with a proper fluxer, is placed therein. These substances are broken or powdered, and the chamber is packed full to exclude, as far as possible, the atmospheric air, and the opening is then closed against the admission of atmospheric air during process of reduction. Heat is then applied until the desired fusion takes place, after which, the charge being withdrawn, it is found to consist of spiegeleisen and slag.
Without confining myself to those proportions, I will say that I have in practice employed pig-iron, manganese ore of about forty- .two per centum manganese, and charcoal in equal proportions in bulk, to produce spiegeleisen containing four and fortyeight hundredths per centum of carbon, eleven and twenty-eight hundredths per centum of manganese, and the remainder substantially iron. Double the proportion of manganese ore and carbon yields a spiegeleisen containing about nine per centum and twenty-three per centum,
OX- ide of iron answers admirably well for a fluxer.
Having described my invention, what I claim as new is- The process of producing spieg'eleisen, with a definite per centum of manganese and carbon, by fusion of iron and manganese in the presence of carbon, and a flux in a chamber closed against the admission of atmospheric oxygen, substantially as described.
. JAMES H. ETHERIDGE.
Witnesses:
E. O. WERNER, R. D. 0. SMITH.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US169793A true US169793A (en) | 1875-11-09 |
Family
ID=2239201
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US169793D Expired - Lifetime US169793A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of spiegeleisen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US169793A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050044059A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-02-24 | Vipin Samar | Method and apparatus for protecting private information within a database |
| US20100096409A1 (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-04-22 | Wainwright Thomas G | Scent Sprayer |
-
0
- US US169793D patent/US169793A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050044059A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-02-24 | Vipin Samar | Method and apparatus for protecting private information within a database |
| US20100096409A1 (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-04-22 | Wainwright Thomas G | Scent Sprayer |
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