US410430A - Process of making steel direct from the ore by the use of natural gas - Google Patents
Process of making steel direct from the ore by the use of natural gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US410430A US410430A US410430DA US410430A US 410430 A US410430 A US 410430A US 410430D A US410430D A US 410430DA US 410430 A US410430 A US 410430A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ore
- natural gas
- making steel
- furnace
- steel direct
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- UTYXJYFJPBYDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] UTYXJYFJPBYDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000003936 Plumbago auriculata Species 0.000 description 2
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
- C21B13/023—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state
Definitions
- My invention relates to a new and useful method of producing steel direct from the ore.
- the object of my invention is to produce a good quality of steel direct from the ore at r5 one and the same heat, thus saving the extra cost in the handlings and the heating of the metal from four to five times, as is now commonly practiced.
- the ores are first reduced to a powdered condition and to about the consistency of river-sand, and mixed with a basic flux-via,
- air may be mixed with the gas to furnish the oxygen necessary to burn out any of the carburet of iron still remaining in the iron, after which the metal is withdrawn into the crucible of the furnace and blown with natural gas, to which I add hydrocarbon oil for the purpose of carbonizing the steel to the required point.
- the metal is then withdrawn to a vacuum-chamber, and then the occluded gases are all withdrawn by the action of the vacuum, so that the metal may be utilized for castings free from blow-holes, &c.
- I may add to the molten metal the carbon in various forms, as in plumbago, lamp-black, and bone-black, and at the same time I add such alloy of manganese of iron, or chrome in metal, or oxide, as may be desired, while to add to the quality of the metal I use tungstate dioxide or trioxide of tungsten and cyanide of potassium and yellow prussiate of potassa for giving it temper and case-hardening.
- ⁇ Vhat I claim is The process which consists in first introducing powdered ores, combined with a basic flux, into the upper portion of a shaft-furnace, and there subjecting them to the action of a flame of natural gas; second, passing them 7 5 downward into the bosh of the furnace and there subjecting them to the action of a blast of natural gas; third, passing the fused ore into the crucible of the furnace and there subjecting it to the action of jets of natural gas and hydrocarbon oil, and, finally, conveying the reduced metal into a vacuuin-chamher, whereby the gases are removed from the metal, substantially as described.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,
IVILLIAM F. M. MCOARTY, OF HAGERSTOIVN, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF PART TO SARAH O. ASHTON AND HERMAN DUDLEY WVALBRIDGE, OF WASH- INGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
PROCESS OF MAKING STEEL DIRECT FROM THE ORE BY THE USE OF NATURAL GAS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,430, dated September 3, 1889.
Application filed May 21, 1889. Serial No. 311,626. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, \VILLIAM F. M. MC- CARTY, a citizen of the United States, residing at IIagerstown, in the county of Washington and State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Process of Making Steel Direct from the Ore by the Use of Natural Gas; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de- IO scription of said invention.
My invention relates to a new and useful method of producing steel direct from the ore.
The object of my invention is to produce a good quality of steel direct from the ore at r5 one and the same heat, thus saving the extra cost in the handlings and the heating of the metal from four to five times, as is now commonly practiced.
In carrying out my invention I use a stack or cupola furnace having shelves, on which the ore is roasted, but do not limit myself to any particular form of furnace. I prefer,
however, to employ the furnace illustrated in section in the accompanying drawing, in
2 5 which A indicates the stack, having a series of shelves B 011 the inside, below which is located the bosh O. D indicates the crucible of the furnace located below the bosh, and E a vacuum-chamber connecting with the crucible by means of a passage E.
The ores are first reduced to a powdered condition and to about the consistency of river-sand, and mixed with a basic flux-via,
3 5 nitrate of soda, lime, clay, and yellow prussiate of potassa. They are then put into the stack of the furnace, and the ascending units of heat are utilized in. roasting the ores. They are then passed into the furnace proper while under the action of the calorific energy of the gas, fall from shelf to shelf, and being thus brought into contact with the fluxes specially prepared to take up the phosphorus, sulphur, 850. They then fall into the bosh of the furnace, where they are still further fused by the introduction of natural gas under pressure. At this stage of the process air may be mixed with the gas to furnish the oxygen necessary to burn out any of the carburet of iron still remaining in the iron, after which the metal is withdrawn into the crucible of the furnace and blown with natural gas, to which I add hydrocarbon oil for the purpose of carbonizing the steel to the required point. The metal is then withdrawn to a vacuum-chamber, and then the occluded gases are all withdrawn by the action of the vacuum, so that the metal may be utilized for castings free from blow-holes, &c.
I may add to the molten metal the carbon in various forms, as in plumbago, lamp-black, and bone-black, and at the same time I add such alloy of manganese of iron, or chrome in metal, or oxide, as may be desired, while to add to the quality of the metal I use tungstate dioxide or trioxide of tungsten and cyanide of potassium and yellow prussiate of potassa for giving it temper and case-hardening.
\Vhat I claim is The process which consists in first introducing powdered ores, combined with a basic flux, into the upper portion of a shaft-furnace, and there subjecting them to the action of a flame of natural gas; second, passing them 7 5 downward into the bosh of the furnace and there subjecting them to the action of a blast of natural gas; third, passing the fused ore into the crucible of the furnace and there subjecting it to the action of jets of natural gas and hydrocarbon oil, and, finally, conveying the reduced metal into a vacuuin-chamher, whereby the gases are removed from the metal, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I affix my signatui e in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
WVM. F. M. MCOARTY.
\Vitnesses:
L. W. SINSABAUGH, H. M. STERLING.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US410430A true US410430A (en) | 1889-09-03 |
Family
ID=2479364
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US410430D Expired - Lifetime US410430A (en) | Process of making steel direct from the ore by the use of natural gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US410430A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2560470A (en) * | 1948-02-12 | 1951-07-10 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Reduction and melting of ores with gaseous fuel |
| US2562813A (en) * | 1948-03-11 | 1951-07-31 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Continuous ore reducing and melting operation |
-
0
- US US410430D patent/US410430A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2560470A (en) * | 1948-02-12 | 1951-07-10 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Reduction and melting of ores with gaseous fuel |
| US2562813A (en) * | 1948-03-11 | 1951-07-31 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Continuous ore reducing and melting operation |
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