US1689671A - Turbo air or gas compressor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 30, V1928. l A..JuDE

' TURBO AIR 0R GAS couPnEsson Filed' April 9, 1927 f, e Z

RTT oRwEY-s.

Patented Oct. 30, 1928".

Nunir-En l svTATizs ALEXANDER JDE, 0F BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO BELLISS AND MRCOM `LIMITED, 0F BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, A BRITISH COMPANY.

TURBO AIR OIR GAS, COMPRESSOR.

Application' filed April 9,` 1927', V.Serial No. 182,263,` and in 'Great Britain May 31, 1926.

This invention relates -to theprovision of water cooling chambers and passages in the stators of lturbo air or` gas compressors.

Whilst .the most eilicient situation for cooling the gaseous fluid undergoing.compression in a turbo compressor islat the several diffusers, constructional Ydiculties arise in the provision of innerv water chambers within the partition wallsbetween the diii'users and the return channels leading therefrom back to the rotor wheel... Such water chambers partitions. The inaccessibility oftheso-provided Vinner water chambers and passages, however, practically precludes their being cleaned should they., as readily occurs with dirty cooling water, become clogged with deposited impurities.

To avoid these difficulties, sometimes either one, sometimes both, it is common to abandon all provisionior` cellular cooling ,and to provide intercoolers external to the turbo compressor casing `through which the gaseous fluid vin course xof compression is led between -certain stages of compression. It has ,also been proposed to provide interooolers within the yturbocompressor casing in the return channels leading. from the diffuse-rs .back to the impellers constituting the rotor wheel.

As above stated, the most efficient situation for cooling is at the diifusers, and the object of the .present invention is `toprovide a construction ofstator casing :for ,a turbo compressor wherein readily castable and. accessible water cooling chambers are present in Athe partition `walls `of the 4 diffusera without at the same time introducing obstructions to the liiow of air.

With these objects in view, according to :the invention, the water cooling chambers within the partition walls between the diffusers and return channels leading to the impel'lers in a .turbo Vair or gas compressor are arrcnged to have radial-cum-axial ,com- -munications from the outer to the inner Vwater cooling chambers .of the casings throughY correspondingly directed Webs. Thus-instead of the-water chambers in the diiuser parti-tion walls -of-ay turboH compressor being connected to the external Water space oi the casing by passages in the connecting webs extending inthe axial .direction ofthe machine, or in a radial direction by means of inserted small bore tubes which :is lanother well lrnown manner, the connection .to such partition chambers is effected by radial'cum-longitudinally extending passages through correspondingly directed Webs.

Moreover the longitudinal cross section of these passages is divergent, thus not only do .they permit radial access by a rake, scraping tool ol' the like to the ychamber, in the par-l .tition but they permit oblique manipulation .tor shaft being shown in transverse section.`

Figs. 3 andaV are sections respectively on the line 3%-3 and the line logFig. 1.

'lhe casing of the :turbo compressor is built accompanying l up of a pluralityof-longiftudinally abutting v upper and lower semi-,annular hollow seg: `ments n. `One of these segments a is shown in Fig. Quand a longitudinal section through one complete segment and portions of two segments abutting against same is shown in.v

Fig. l.

artis the rotor shaft and t twoconsecutive impellers or rotor wheels thereon. 0,;0 are two consecutive `diffusers to which air is jdelivered by the impellers b. d isr the return channel leading from a ydiffuser -e back to ,thenext impeller Z).

Each seg-ment a of the casing-is formed Aon l one face witha segmental annular recess to serve `.as adfiifuser c., and internally with a segmental annular chamber .constitu-ting a return channel vd leading from the diffuser n of lthe preceding segment. v

The walls cil, Z2 of the return channel d .divide the space` within the hollow casing segment n into ftwo `cooling water chambers,

.an outer chamber e and aninner chamber g is a substantially radial partition wall which at its radially inner end separates the diffuser c of the segment a in front'from the return channel d formed behind the'Y AThe outer water chamber( e is connect-ed to the inner water chamber f by substantially radially-cum-axially extending passages z' extending through the similarly locatedwebs 'h provided at the angularly separated intervals. The longitudinal cross section of the radial-cum-axial passagesz' diverges rearwardly (see Fig. 4) i. e. in the direction ltowards the delivery end of the machine,

and consequently in the direction towards the interconnected outer water chamber c. Theradial situation of the passages i readily permits the insertion of a scraper tool into the innerv water chamber f and the rearwardly V- section of the passages i permits the lateral manipulation ofsuch tool into and around the portions of the inner water chamber located between the inner ends of the passages i, moreover, the full V section prevailing across the entrance to the return channel d, the flow of air into thatchannel is notobstructed. At the inner Water cliamber the V shape is largely lost (see Fig. 3). The bottom half of the compressor (all such Vcompressors being jointed on the horizontal centre line) is thus readily cleaned and thedirt will drop out of the inner chambers f after scraping, into the outer chambers e, and thus can be removed through the doorclosed cleaning apertures j. The top half of Ythe compressor can thus, as usual, be disconnected Vand turned upside down, when the 'dirt 'can be dealt with asin the bottom half.

Cooling lof the air in the diffusers `c by the water in the inner chambers f is facilitated by making each inner chamber cover f1 fof brass or otherI metal more heat-conductive pose being to conserve the residual velocity of air from each diffuser c and pass italong to the next impeller b. Instead of this, however, a large cavity (Fig. 1) is provided for the portion which may be termed the ultra-diffuser in which are cast a large num ber of fins Z, m so that the heat created by .the normalineffciency of the compressor strength.

peller to the next impeller, Walls of said'regether) can be more readily extracted with- 70 vout unduly increasingthe wall surfaces at the expensev of longitudinal crushing At the same time, the fins serv# ing as ribs increase thernormal Vcrushing strength. fi -1 f v' I'claim: Y g1. In a turbogas compressor, arcasing formed with an outer water cooling chamber, a plurality 'ofi impellers inl said casing, ysaid casing beingformed with a diEuser and a return channel leading from' one ysaid im- '1 peller tothe next impeller, walls 0f said return channel separating said outer water chamber from -an inner water cooling chamber Vbetween said diffuserl and saidrreturn channel, and approximately radial Vwebs formed with approximately radial passages communicating with said outer and inner water chambers interconnecting said walls. 2. In a turbo' gas compressor, a casing 90 formed with an outer water cooling chamber, a plurality of impellers in said casing, said casing being formed with a diffuser and a return channel leading from one said'imturn channel separating said outerfwater chamber from an -iiiner water cooling chainQ y ber betweensaid diffuser and said )return channel, andy approximately vradial webs formeel with approximately radial passages 1 00 oi' outwardly divergentI section communicating with said outer and inner water-chambers interconnecting said walls.

v 3. lIn a turbo gascompressor,l a casing formed with an outerwater coolingchamlma Yber,aplurality of impellers in said casing,

said casing being formedwith a diffuser and a return channel leading from one said impeller to the next impeller, walls of said re turn channel separating said outer water in: chamber from anv inner water cooling chamber between said ldiffuser and said return channel, andl approximately radial webs formed with approximately radialpassages of outwardly and rearwardly divergent` secila tion communicating with said outer and jin- L Y. f

ner water chambers interconnectingV said walls. Y. y

4. `In a turbo gas compressor, a casing formed withl an outer water cooling chain- 12u (ber, a plurality of impellers in said easing,

said casing being formed with a diffuser vand a return'channelleading fromV one said iin-V lpeller to the next impeller, walls yof said return channel separating said outer -water V chamber from an inner water cooling chamv ber between said diffuser and said return channel, and approximately radial webs formed with approximately radial passages ofoutwardly andl rearwardly divergent rear- 'Wardly V-section communicating with said outer and inner Water chambers interconnecting said Walls.

5. In a turbo gas Compressor, a casing -5 formed with an outer Water cooling chamber, a plurality of impellers in said casing, said casing being formed With a diffuser and a return channel leading from onel said impeller to the next impeller said return chan# 10 nel providing a large cavity at the `exit from said diffuser, -fins in said cavity, walls of said return channel separating said outer Water chamber from an inner water cooling chamber between said diffuser and said re` turn channel, and ap roximatelyyradial webs formed .with approximately radial passages communicating with said outer and inner water chambers interconnecting `said Walls.

In testimony whereof I have signedmy naine to this specification.

ALEXANDER JUDE.A

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