US1857486A - Centrifugal blower - Google Patents

Description

lll l llllllllll HIHII lllll mill ll /III VII will @I IIIIIII w; E. TRUMPLER ,CENTRIFUGAL BLowER Filed May s, 1'931 May 10, 1932.`

-Patented May Il), 1932' UITEDSTATES -PATENrfol-FICE i wxLLumi n m'aUuPLnn, or nnsroN, rnNNsYLvnNn, `essIeNon. To mcnnsommn CMIRAEI'Y',l 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY,

A `CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY' cniv'rmuear. Brom Application Med lay l8, 1931. Serial' No. 535,838.

This invention relates to multi-stage centrifugal blowers, compressors and the like, and more particularly to a diaphragm interposed between stages aof apparatus of this character.

One object of the invention is to avoid un-v due acceleration and consequent pressure loss between stages.

f Another object is-to assure a comparativel l0 direct path off/flow for the fluid from a di user chamber into the guideways leading to theeye of a succeeding stage impeller.

Other objects willbe in partobvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

In the drawings laccompanying this 'speciication and forming a part thereof,

Figure 1 is a sectlonal elevation of aportion of a centrifugal blower equipped with a diaphragm constructed in accordance with 20 'the practice of the invention,

Flgure 2 1s a transverse view takenthrough Figure 1 on the line 2 2 looking in the direction indicated by the`arro`ws, and Figure 3 is a top plan view of the dia- 25 phragm. i c

Referringmore particularly to the drawings, the blower which is designated nercasing A is of larger diameter than-the impellers K' and L and the impellers are suitably spaced along the length of the shaft J to c permit the arran ment between adacent impellers of dialragms O which are `so spaced with respect to each other as to form therebetween diffuser chambers P into which the fluid charged. f

Each diaphragm O constructed in accordance with the practice of the invention ma consist of upper and lower half-sections 4he sections Q and R and R respectively.

pumped by the impellers is disma be identical in all t eir essential respects an comprise outer and inner walls Sand TA which are connected together by vanes U, shown in this instance as being of'involute `shape to form correspondingy sha d guideways V through which the uid ows from the diffuser chamber P to the eye W of a succeeding stage impeller.

In order that the fluid-may flow from the diiuser chamberP into the adjacent guide- 'ways V' along a path of minimum tortuosity the wall S is provided with suitable notches or recesses X which are denedb a. portion Y of the peripheral 4surfaces of the vanes U comparing the ,present "structure with diaphragms as heretofore constructed and in 1 which a pair of circular walls of different diameterv are held in spaced relation by vanes disposed therebetween to form guideways through whichl the fluid flows from the diiuser'chamber to a succeeding stage impeller.f

In blowers'as at present constructed, however, the wall of smaller diameter and which wouldtherefore correspond to the Wall S of the present structure, being circular and extending with its periphery to at least the outer Vends' of the vanes, requires rthat the pressure fluid make an abrupt or right-angle turn, to pass thereover to the inlet' opening of the guideways and therefore a second right-angle turnin entering the guideways. The fluid must, in view of this arrangement, follow an extremel tortuous'fpathL from the diffuser chambers into the guideways with consequent undesirable acceleration and considerable pressure loss. This is of course highly objectionable in apparatus Iof this character and in which, unlike compressors of the reciprocatory type, the pressure of the Huid is not increased by very substantial values in individual stages.

. As `is of 'course well known, owing tothe work of compression the temperature of the fluid increases progressively duringits passage through the several stages of the blower. In' other words,`the temperature of the fluid flowing through the diffuser chamber P as-v sociated with the impeller K and which, for this purpose,'may be considered as being the first stage impeller, is increased considerably above atmospheric temperature, and the temperature is again increased during the pas-4 sages ofthe fluid through the impellerL and its diffuser chamber P. f

Unless effectively restrained the heat of the fluid of higher value will be transmitted to adjacent guideways and diffuser chambers and be absorbed lby the fluid flowing therethrough, thus 4causing a reduction'in'the efciency of the blower. y i.

In view .fof the foregoing facts it is contemplated to insulate the guideways V from the diffuser chamber P of a succeeding stage. To this end the diaphragm O is rovided with an additional wall e to form a ounding surface for the' diffuser chamber P associated with the succeeding stage impeller, as for instance the impeller L., The wall e, which is connected at its ends with the wall T, is suitably spaced with respect to the wall T to form therebetween an annular insulating 'chamber f which may be either an air pocket or, as shown, may be used as a water jacket to effect an additional cooling of the fluid flowinfr over the walls T and e.

n order to render the space f capable for use as a water jacket the diaphragm is providedy in its periphery with a port gv throu h which s water may be introduced into tie chamber f. Such water may be conveyed to the chamber f by a connection h threaded into the casing A and communicating with a groove j in the periphery of the diaphragm 0.

Preferably the diaphragm O is provided on its periphery with a pair of ribs k which are located on opposite sides of the groove j and extend into an internal oove o in the casing A to conveniently maintain the diaphragm O in the proper position relatively to the impellers K and L, and also to effect a suitable fluid tight joint at this point between adjacent dilfuserchambers,

In practice, the present invention has been found to be extremely eilicient. By means of the arrangement described a comparatively direct path has been provided for the fluid from the diffuser chamber P into the guideways No portion of the path followed by the fluid from the difuser chamber to a succeeding stage impeller is restricted and, as a result thereof, the conversion of the velocity of.the luid'into pressure maybe elliciently brought about. Moreover, by insulating the gudeways V from the comparatively high temperature prevailing in the diffuser chamber of a succeeding stage, the temperature of the fluid-flowing through the guidewaysis in no wise increase above the value contained upon the discharge of the iuidfrom theimmediately preceding stage impeller.

1. A multi-stage centrifugal blower including a plurality of impellers, diffuser chambers vto receive the fluid from the impellers, a diaphragm between adjacent impellers, vanes on the diaphragm forming guideways to`convey fluid from a diuser chamber to a succeeding stage impeller, and a wall forming a closure for one side of the guideways and having notches through which fluidl flows to the inlet openings of the guideway's.

2. A'multi-stage centrifugal blower -including a plurality of impellers, diffuser chambers to receive the fluid from the im- 'pellers, a diaphragm between adjacent impellers', vanes on the diaphragm 'forming guideways to convey Huid from a' diffuser chamber to a succeeding stage impeller, and a wall forming a closure for one side of the guideways and having portions of its periphery coincident with portions of the outer surfaces iof'the vanes, said wall having stepped portions extending from the outer ends of the asuman vanes to intermediate portions of adjacent vanes.

3. A multi-stage centrifugal blower including a plurality of impellers, diffuser chambers to receive the fluid from the impellers, a diaphragm between adjacent impellers, vanes on the diaphragm forming guideways to convey'luid from a diffuser chamber to a succeeding stage impeller, and a wall formin a closure for one side of the guideways am? having recesses therein to enable Huid to flow over intermediate portions of the vanes to the inlet openings of adjacent guideways.

4. A multi-stage centrifugal blower in cluding a plurality of impellers, diffuser chambers to receive the duid from the impellers, a diaphragmv between adjacent impellers, vanes on the diaphragm forming guideways to convey fluid from a diffuser chamber to a succeeding stage impeller, a. wall forming a closure for one side of the guideways and having recesses therein to enable Huid to flow over intermediate portions ofthe vanes to the inlet openings of adjacent guideways, and means on the diaphragm to form an insulatin chamber be- .tween the guideways and a di user chamber.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

' WILLIAM E. TRUMPLER.

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