US1805765A - Centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Description

y 9, 1931. R. H, FREDERICK 1,805,765

' CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed March 31, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 mil L; in Q v l u x E f ML. 5

May 19, 1931. R. H. FREDERICK 1,305,765

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed March 31, 1928 6' Sheets-Sheet 2 May 19, 1931. R. H. FREDERICK CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed March 31, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 May 19, 1931.

R. H. FREDERICK CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed March 31, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 I y 1931. R. H. FREDERICK 1,805,765 v C EINTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed March 31, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 l In." l

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, Illlllll I I I May 19, 1931. R. H. FREDERICK 1,805,765

I CENTRIFUGAL PUMP I Filed Marph 31. 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented May 19, 1931 UNITED STATES a. FREDERICK, Or IBVINGTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB T was rum" comarmour.

PATENT I oFFica PANY, ENG, OF NEW YORK, 11'. Y; A CORPORATION OENEW YORK emrrmuear. PUMP Application am March a1, 1928... Serial No. 268,149.

varied within wide limits and an predetermined capacity can be maintaine and the pressure automatically adjusts itself to the prescribed capacity and remains constant and positive during the operation of the pump, all without recourse to structural a1- teration of the pump of the rotor.

- Another object of my invention is to provide a unitary centrifugal pump wherein the pressure and velocit of the liquid are progressively varied in its assage from the 1mpeller'chamber to the nal discharge outlet in a manner to build up the head, thus attaining with asingle pump high' pressures whlch,

in centrifugal pumps as heretofore constructed, would necessitate the employment of from four to six stages, and. thus also minimizing weight and floor space and economizing in manufacturing and installation costs.

With these and other objects in view my invention comprises novel features of construc-v tion and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described; the scope of the in-' vention thenbeing defined in the appended claims. v In the annexed drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a centrifugal pump embodying the principle of 'my-invention.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the-pump.

Fig. 1.

' Fig. '4 is a horizontal section, as onthe. line 4.4 of Fig. 1. 0 p

Fig. 5 is a vertical section,- artly 1n elevation, as on the lines 55 of igs. 2 and 3.

Fig.6 is a similansection, as on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3. i a I Fig. 7 is a sectional development through portions of the casing and rotor, as on the line --7 of Fig. 5, showing lateral volute 'passages and their Venturi outlets leading to annular velocity chambers, and showing also or variation of the speed adjustable valves for regulating the flow of {hte liquid from the volutepassages to the out- Fig. 8 is a similar development through a portion of the casing and of the annular structure inwhich the velocity chambers are formed, as on the line8-8 of Fig. 5, showing the lateral passages in said structure which connect the inner with the outer chambers,

priate size and form to provide a serles of intercommunicating chambers and assages, including a suction or inlet cham r 13, a circular rotor chamber 14: and a discharge outlet 15, said suction chamber and outlet being formed in the lower section 12, and said rotor chamber being partially formed in each section and being adapted to receive and support a circumferential structure constituting a series of annular velocity chambers connectin the rotor chamberwith the outlet, as

wi hereinafter appear.

Mounted in the chamber 14 is a rotor including a discal body 16 which, in the form illustrated, divides the chamber 14into two separate chambers A, .B. This bod has-a central hub 17 which-is rotatable t e walls 100 of the casing between the rotor chamber and the suction-chamber, and is provided at its res ective ends with inlet eyes or passages 101. he hub is fixed by means of nuts, '18

and lock washers 19 to a power-driven shaft 20 which extends centrally through the rotor chamber and is mounted in suita le bearings supported at the respective sides of the 09.8

,ing. ,The bearing supports may be cast i'ntegral with the lower section of the casing or be. mounted on uprights rising from a bed 10' the body of each box is drilled, as at 24, to

afford a liquid supply duct leading to the space between the rings. Tubes 25, which connect the ducts 24 with the adjacent chambers A, B ensure the supply of liquid under pressure f rom these chambers to the sealing rings; and glands 26, which are inserted in the outer ends of the stufling boxes, keep the packing rings in close contact with the shaft 20 To ensure a tight seal at the rotor-hub and thereby reduce the liability of leakage of the liquid from the chambers A, B to the suction chamber 13, packing rings 27 0f general H- cross-section are screwed or otherwise fastened on the respective ends of the hub .17, and complementary case rings 28, 29 are fitted on the respective sides of each of the rings 27, so as to mesh with yet permit the freerunning of the interposed ring.

The case ring 28 at the suction chamber side is of general E-fo'rm in cross-section with an outer peripheral flange 30, which ring is fitted to the outer side of the ring 27 so as to register with and embrace the latter, the upper member, including its flange, being tightly 'seated in the case ring bore of the casing wall, and the wall of this hole being formed with an annular-recess 31 to receive the flange.

The case ring 29 atthe impeller chamber side is of general -U-form in cross-section with an outer peripheral flange 32, which ring is fitted to the inner side of the adj acentring 27, with the upper member, including its flange, tightly seated in the case ring bore of the casing in close contact with 'the complementary case ring 28. By the interlocking construction just described a multiplicity of contacting joint surfaces whereof the minimum area is subjected to the maximum pressure is provided, thus ensuring an eflicient seal as previously mentioned.

' The rotor body 16,"hereinbefore referred to, has formed on its respective sides centrifu gal impellers comprising annular walls or shrouds 33 between which and the adjacent faces of the discal body are cast two series of impeller vanes 34. The annular spaces in whlch the vanes are contained communicate .with the inlet eyes or passages in the hub of the rotor, and the outer portions of such energy imparted to the currents of water flowing through the rapidly rotating impellers. v I

The discal body 16 extends outwardly beyond the impeller vanes 34 and is provided on each side, at its peripheral margin, with two circular series of vanes 36, 37 which are concentric to each other and to the discal body and are at right angles to the latter and are forwardly pitched in relation to the direction of rotation of the impeller vanes 34.

cluding the marginal vanes 36, 37 on the respective sides thereof. rotate in annular ve- Iocity chambers '38, 39 which are arranged in the same vertical planes as the respective sets of impeller vanes 34, the inner velocity cham- .ber 38 being in communication with the adjacent chamber A orB, and with the other velocity chamber 39, and the latter chamber being n communication with the discharge outlet 15 as will be hereinafter described.

The velocity chambers 38, 39 are preferably constituted by complementary rings 40 of general E-form in cross-section which are oppositely-disposed with their flanges in close contact, and which rings are tightly fitted between the walls 100 of the chamber 14 adjacent its circumference. velocity chambers are provided, two on each side for co-operation with the adjacent impeller of the rotor. The, inner flanges, 41, and the intermediate flanges, 42, of the rings 40 are formed with concentric tongues 43 and the sides of the discal body are formed with corresponding grooves which slidably receive the respective tongues when the rings and the rotor, are assembled within the casing, thus permitting the free rotation of the marginal portions of the discal body and the vanes 36, 37 within the velocity chambers 38, 39.

Each of the impeller chambers (A, B)

merges in a lateral volute passage 44 formedcation of the passage '46 tangentially with the velocity chamber, as seen in Figs. 5 and 7, and, therefore, the liquid which is, discharged by centrifugal force from the periphery of the impeller is caused to flow into the chamber 38 wherein it is subjected to the propulsive action of the vanes 36 during their rapid rotation. By this arrangement of the passage 46 with; relation to the volute passage and the velocity chamber the con- The outer portion of the discal body, in-' Thus four annular tinuity of the latter is preserved and the liquid is discharged thereinto and to the path of the vanes with the minimum friction and without shock losses. The eduction opening 45 has therein a Venturi tube 47, with the inlet to which co-operates a tapering valve stem 48 which is adjustably mounted in the front wall of the casing and in axial alignment with the Venturi tube. In the present instance the valve stem is threaded and screwed into and through a stufling box 49 supported in a suitably perforated boss 50 on the casing, and hence by properly turning the valve stem to adjust itstapered end in relation to the mouth of the Venturi tube, the intake capacity of the latter can be nicely regulated at will and a predetermined capacity be maintained.

Each of the inner velocity chambers 38 is provided adjacent the discharge outlet 15 with an egress passage 51, Whose sides are entirely enclosed by walls surrounding said pass sage and which leads to and merges tangentially in the adjacent outer velocity chamber 39, and each chamber 39 is provided with an egress passage 52 which leads to and merges tangentially in the discharge outlet 15, said passages 51, 52 being formed in the ring sections laterally of the reflective chambers, and the walls of each passage diverging from its receiving to its delivery end, similarly to a Venturi outlet portion. (See Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10.) Since the passages 51, 52

extend laterally of the respective velocityl chambers, the continuity of said chambers is preserved and the liquid WhlCl'LlS discharged lated to meet specificrequirements.

from each adjacent chamber flows thence without interference with the vanes of such chamber, thus eliminating "shock-losses to the traveling liquid.

The lower section ofthe casing where the velocity chambers 39 communicate with the discharge outlet 15 is formed with a mid rib 53 which affords a closed peripheral support for the ring structure and also separates the two adjacent velocitychambers-BQ at their points of discharge. (See Figs. 5 and 10).-

The cycle'of the'flow of liquid'through the pump hereinbefore described-and the changes of velocities and pressures of the liquid in order to build up the head, are as fellowsi The liquid in velocity form enters'th-e suc tion chamber 13, flows to and through the eyes-of the rapidly rotating impellers, and is taken up by'the impeller. vanes. Thence the liquid in velocity and pressure form flows through the spaces between the impeller blades, into the chambers A; B, and through the volute passages 44, whence it is discharged through the Venturi tubes; it being noted that by suitably adjusting the valve stems '48 tov (any the size of theinlets to the Venturi tubes, the capacity of the pump can be nicely regu- These tubes by virtue of their contracted areas change the pressure energy of the fluid into veloclty or kinetic energy, whereupon the liquid, escaping such areas, flows in pressure and velocity form into the annular velocity.

chambers 38 wherein the forwardly pitched highly rotating vanes 36 increase the velocity of the liquid therethrough.- When the liquid reaches the passages 51 its veloicty is reduced to pressure. by the effect of the gradually diverging passages 51, and hence the liquid flows into the annularchambers39 in pressure and velocity form. The forwardly pitched vanes, rotating at high speed in the chambers 39, increase the velocity of the liquid therethrough, and this higher velocity when the liquid reaches the passages 52 is reduced to pressure by the diverging walls of the latter, preparatory to the discharge of the liquid through the final outlet.

From the foregoing described construction it will be seen that a single unitary pump of 'variable capacity and pressure, at uniform motor speed, is produced; the capacity being regulable by proper manipulation of the valves 48 and the resultant pressure being determined by the horsepower of the motor. Thus, for example, the pump can be efliciently employed without any constructive change for a range of from, say, 100 to 600 pounds,

pump'be installed for work but the pressure will remain the same, viz.:

three hundred pounds, since changing the volume does not change the pressure. ssuming it be desired at any time to increase the pressure .at 1750 R. P. M., it is merely necessary to employ amotor of horsepower effective to attain the increased 1750 R. P. M.

The pump is positive in pressure and is effective to pump against a range of from one hundred to six hundred pounds pressure, 'for' the reason that the edges of the vanes traveling-in the velocity chambers hold-the contained column of liquid until it produces the desired' pressure. Y

.Since the variable capacity and pressuref conditions are accomplished with one fixed I impeller diameter and a constant speed,fdu-

plicate pumps may beinstalled and adjusted; one for, say, ,50 gallons. per minute and 50 pressure ,at

lbsl pressure at a constant speed of 1750 increased horsepower for the larger duty, as previously mentioned.

In centrifugal pumps of previous construe tion any inaccuracycin the design thereof with respect to the pressure or capacity in a given case, on account of frictional resistances,.necessitates a change in the speed or of my invention a single impeller may be employed, and that the velocity chambers may be increased or decreased in number to meet particular requirements of service. Also that in other respects the pump may be structurally modified within the fair spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

I claim 1. A centrifugal pump comprising a suction chamber having a liquid inlet, an impeller chamber having an outlet passage, an

annular velocity chamber encircling the im-' peller chamber and in communication at its receiving end with said outlet passage, means for varying the capacity of said outlet passage, and a rotor mounted to rotate in the impeller chamber and velocity chamber, said rotor comprising a body having an impeller within the impeller chamber, vanes within the velocity chamber, and a liquid inlet to the impeller from the suctionchambe'r.

2. A centrifugal pump comprising a suc tion chamber having a liquid inlet, an impeller chamber having an outlet passage, including a venturi, an annular velocity chamber encircling the impeller chamber and in communication with said outlet passage, means for varying the capacityofthe venturi, and a rotor mounted torotate' in the impeller chamber and velocity *chamber, 1

\ said rotor comprising a body having an impeller within the impeller chamber, vanes within the velocity chamber, and a liquid inlet between the impeller and the suction chamber.

3. A centrifugal pump comprising a suction chamber having a liquid inlet, an im peller chamber having an outlet passage, including a venturi, a ring structure encircling the impeller chamber and providing a velocity chamber in communication with said outlet passage, a valvestem adjustable axially of the venturi for varying the capacity of the venturi, and a rotor mounted to rotate in the impeller chamber and velocand a liquid inlet to the impeller from the.

suction chamber.

4. A centrifugal pump comprising a suction chamber having 'a liquid inlet, an impeller chamber having an outlet passage, a plurality of succeeding concentric velocity chambers encircling the impeller chamber, 'the first velocity chamber being in communication at its receiving end with said passage, means for varying the capacity of said outlet passage, a diverging passage leading from said first velocity chamber to the succeeding velocity chamber, and a rotor mounted to rotate in the impeller chamber and velocity chambers, said rotor comprising a body having an impeller within the impeller chamber, vanes within the respective velocity chambers, and a liquid inlet to the impeller from the suction chamber.

5. A centrifugal pump comprising a suction chamber having a liquid inlet, an impeller chamber having an outlet passage, including a venturi, an adjustable needle valve cooperating with the venturi, a plurality of concentric velocity chambers encircling the impeller chamber, one of said latter chambers being in communication with said outlet passage, a diverging passage leading from the said velocity chamber to the succeeding velocity chamber, and a rotor mounted to rotate in the impeller chamber and velocity chambers, said rotor comprising a body having an impeller within the impeller chamber, vanes Within the respective velocity chambers, and an inlet passage between the impeller and the suction chamber.

6. A centrifugal pump comprising a suction chamber having a liquid inlet, an impelvanes within the respective velocity chambers, and a liquid inlet passage .to the impeller from the suction chamber.

7. A centrifugal pump comprising a suction chamber, having a liquid inlet, an impeller chamberhaving two spaced-apart outlet passages, each including a Venturi portion, two series of concentric velocity chambers encircling the impeller chamber, the inner velocity chambers being in communication with the respective outlet passages, means for varyingthe inletcapacity of the respective Venturi portions, diverging passages establishing communication between the inner and outer velocity chambers of the respective series, and a rotor mounted to rotate Within and partition the impeller chamber and the two series of velocity chambers, said rotor comprising a discal body having impellers on its respective sides within the impeller chamber and having also vanes arranged and adapted to rotate within the respective velocity chambers, and liquid inlets from the suction chamber to the respective impellers. s

8. A centrifugal pump embodying an impeller chamber, annular velocity chambers, and a rotor body having impeller vanes rotatable within the impeller chamber and having also marginal propulsion vanes rotatable within the velocity chambers, said velocity chambers being constituted by complementary channelled ring sections between which the body of the rotor extends, the contiguous surfaces of the rotor and ring sections having annular grooves and tongues in slidable registry with each other.

9. A centrifugal pump comprising a casing formed of two sections connected to each other, a shaft rotatably mounted in the casing, a rotor connected to the shaft, a ring on each side of the rotor within the casing, an impeller chamber on each side of the rotor between thewalls of the casing and the inner periphery of one of the rings, a velocity chamber in each ring encircling one of the impeller chambers, an impeller on the rotor I in each impeller chamber, vanes on the rotor in each velocity chamber, an inlet to each impeller chamber, a passage from each impeller chamber to one of the velocity chambers, a portion of each of said passages being v entirely surrounded by side walls, means for varying the capacity of each of said passages, an outlet from the casing, and an outlet from each of said velocity chambers to the outlet from the casing.

10. A centrifugal pump comprising a casing formed of two sections connected to each other, a shaft rotatably mounted in the casing, a rotor connected to the shaft, a ring on each side of the rotor within the casing, an impeller chamber on each side of the rotor between the walls of the casing and the inner periphery of one of the rings, a Velocity chamber in each ring encircling one of the im peller chambers, an inlet to each impeller chamber, a passage from each impeller cham ber to one of the velocity chambers, a portion of each of said passages being entirely surrounded by side walls, means for varying the capacity of each of said passages, a second velocity chamber in each ring encircling the first velocity chamber, a passage in each ring from the first-velocity chamber to the second velocity chamber, a portion of each of said latter passages being surrounded by side walls, an impeller on the rotor in each impeller chamber, vanes on the rotor in each velocity chamber, an outlet from the casing, and an outlet from each outer velocity chamber through the walls of a ring to the outlet from the casing. Signed at New York, in the county and State of New York, this 29thday of March,

RHEUEL H. FREDERICK.

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