US1281478A - Centrifugal pump. - Google Patents

Description

F. L. ANTISELL.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLICATION man Auc.24. 1911.

Patented oet. 15, 1918. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1 F. L. ANT|SELL.

v CENTRIFUGAL PUMP. APPLICATION FILED AUG.24. 19|?.

Patented Det. 15, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. L. ANTISELL.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP. APPLICATION FILED Aue.24. I9I1.

1,281,478., Patented 00u15, 1918.

- -To all whom it may concern:

FRANK L. ANTISELL, 0F PERTH AMJBOY, NEW JERSEY.

GENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

Specication of Letters Patent.

recent-,ee cee. 15, isis.

Application tiled August 24, 1917. Serial No. 187,978.

Be it known that I, FRANK LINDEN ANTI- sELL, a citizen of the United States, land a resident of Perth Amboy, county of Middlesex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifu al Pumps, of which the following is a spec' cation.

This invention relates to centrifugal pumps and more particularly to centrifugal .pumps for handling corrosive and erosive solutions.

One .of the more important objects of the invention is to provide a pump characterized by an initially high mechanical eiiciency and the ease with which said eiciency may be maintained. Another of the more important objects is to simplify the construction and to so correlate the parts that the pump lmay readily be assembled and taken apart.

The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments for carrying into practice the foregoing objects and others which will be apparent to thosefamiliar with the invention and the art to which it appertains. illustrated forms are merely exemplary and that while I shall describe the same with some degree of particularity I nevertheless wish it understood that changes in the details may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the. subjoined claims.

In said drawings, wherein like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several viewsz Figure 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in vertical section of a centrifugal pump embodying the present improvements. Fig. 2 is a detail view of one desirable form of rotary part, showing the same partly in plan and partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line e-s of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail view in vertical section, of a part of the casing and certain other stationary parts of the pump, correlated to receive rotary members or impellers between them.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the parts shown in Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view of a slightly modified form of rotary members or impellers.

The present invention is preferably embodied in a centrifugal pump of a multi- It will be understood that the stage-type and b hereinafter describe in detail an advanta I have illustrated and will.

geous construction and correlation of parts 1n a pump of this type. It further preferably is embodied in, and will be described wit reference to, a pump of the vertical type but this also may be Varied.

A designates a suitable supporting member mounted upon an appropriate base B and having spaced arms or brackets C, C', w1th alined openings. These openings are pro vided with suitable bearings c c through which the impeller shaft D extends. This shaft is suspended from the upper arm or bracket C and is adjustable longitudinally.

E designatesthe casing of a multi-stage vertical pump. This casing is disposed below the arm or bracket C and is preferably mounted on the base B. The casing is pro'- vided with an inlet e and an outlet e and between these there is an inclined-wall forming a ledge e2 and also forming a tapered throat leading to a portion of the casing which is expanded to 'form a chamber' E which extends around the casing and is open along its inner wall. The outlet e extends fromthis chamber. F designates a stationary member which constitutes a cover and has a body portion f and a peripheral ange f', which ilange rests on the ledge e2 of the casing. This cover is held in position, preferably by a suitable number of threaded rods G which extend through the top e3 of the casing and are provided with nuts g, g, above and below said top.

H H designate removable sections of a stationary member which constitutes a sec- This .diaphragm is mounted upon the wall .and extends thence into the casing. It will be noted that the correlation of the parts is such that a chamber F is formed by the cover F and diaphragm-sections H H and that said diaphragm-sections separate the chamber E from the chamber F.

Suitably fixed to the lower end of the shaft D, in this particular fexemplification of the invention, are rotary members constituting two impellers I, I', formed with vanes i i. These impellers operate in the chambers E and F', respectively. They are preferably formed integral with a sleeve I2 into which the shaft D extends and they are preferably securedl to the shaft by the key 2. Each impeller has a plurality of vanes and these vanes are of arcuate shape and have their inner ends spaced from the axial center of the impellers. ,It will be noted that the portion' f of the cover and the diaphragm sections H H are formed with openings at the vertical axis of the pump and that theseopenings are of greater diameter than the portions of the impellers contiguous thereto, respectively, thus providing spaces 3 and 4 at the axis of the pump through which the liquid may flow. It will also be noted that'the impeller I is of less diameter than the chamber F" thus providinga space between its periphery and the walls of said chamber. The vanes z" of the impeller I preferably extend from .the outer edge of the impeller to the space da and preferably have their upper edges substantially in contact with the under surface of the portion y; of the cover, so asto constitute a seal. he vanes z' similarly preferably extend fromthe periphery of the impeller I tothe space i* and preferably have their upper edges substantially in contact with the under surface of the diaphragm sections H, H, to constitute a seal. These diaphragm-sections have their upper surfaces provided with a plurality of vanes k and la. extending toward but not essentially in contact with the undersurface of the impeller I; and the portion f of the cover similarly has 'a plurality of vanes f2 which project upwardly therefrom. The vanes f2 preferably extend to the space vanes h, l1. preferably extend to the space i".

It will thus be seen, in the operation of the pump herein exemplified, that the liquid which is usually of a corrosive or erosive n a- 4ture will flow from the inlet e gravitally to the space 3, through a series of channels Separated from eachother by the vanes f2, and that said vanes act to stop the rotation of the liquid due to the rotation of the shaft D. The liquid flows through the axial opening in the cover' and into the space 'i3 and thence is forced by the rotating impeller I with its vanes z" into that portion of the chamber F lying between the periphery of the impeller I andthe flange f of the cover F. The movement imparted to the liquid by the impeller I causes'it to whirl, as is evident. 'It then flows between the stationary vanesh, which retard or stop its rotative movement and passes within the space 4 and around the inner edge of the diaphragm sections H, H', where it comes under the influence of the impeller I with its vanes z', Where it is again given a swirling motion' and 1s forcibly impelled to the chamber E and thence through the outlet e.

X is a point representing the greatest bending moment for loads applied laterally to the impeller, and is, situated below the lower edge of the bearing C. Attention 1s called to the fact that the portion f of i3 and the the cover, the impellers I and I and the dia` phragm-sections H, H have confronting surfaces which are curved on an are struckv for the provision of sealing rings which must be frequently renewed in pumps hitherto proposed, however carefully the rotating members thereof are balanced, isl

avoided and, likewise, there is avoided the excessive Wear to which the packing rings or impellersthat are center hung with their bearings close together have hitherto been subjected.

Again, it will be noted that during the passage of the liquid from the upper to the lower impeller it comes in contact with the lower surface of the upper impeller. Heretofore-a great deal of attention has been given to providing appassage-waybetween the cover and the successive stages of the pump with a View ofeliminating what may e termed acounter centrifugalforce. I have found that such construction is not desirable as the drag between the impeller and the wall lowers the efficiency to a much greater extent than the construction herein exempli- Among the other advantages, I havealso found that I am able to use a much smaller shaft for a given overhang than it would be possible to use if it were necessary to keep the running parts in close enough contact to obtain a satisfactory initial efficiency which decreases the frictional resistance of the pump bearings.

In short it will be noted thatthe correlation of parts herein exemplified results in a pump which combines the advantages of a high initial eiiiciency with simplicity of construction. It will also be apparent that the efliciency of the pump may be maintained by proper adjustment of the impellers with their vanes. As hereinbefore stated the shaft D is adjustable longitudinally through and its lower end rests partly partly upon the upper end of the nut J. T hev nut J is above the bearin c and is threaded upon the section d and its lower end bears upon the upper surface of the bearing c, and partly upon a shoulder cl3 formed at L the junction of the sections al and d and partly upon the upper surface of the arm or bracket C. This correlation of parts obviously is one whichv enables them to be preferred'embodiment thereof, and that it will be understood that the description and drawings are intended to set forth and illustrate merely a preferred embodiment and that the invention may be otherwise embodied as to details without departing from its spirit or the scope of the claims. Particularly should it be vunderstood that while I have illustrated a pumphaving two impellers, certain essential features of the invention may be embodied in a pump having only one impeller, or in a pump having more than two impellers.

Again it will be understood that while thus far I have illustrated and described the impellers as having vanes in the shape of plates whose upper edges are substantially in contact throughout their lengths with the undersurface of the stationary members f and H, H', the benefits arising from vanes thus related to the stationary parts may be secured by providing each rotary member or impeller with a plate or cover which ex-v tends over the body of the same and is spaced from said body and is connected therewith at intervals by ribs; as illustrated in Fig. 6 in which N N designate the covers. n such case it is referred to provide the covers with thiclfened portions a, n which willcontact with the adjacent stationary members respectively and form seals at these places, the remaining portions of the impellers being out of contact with the stationary members and thus reducing friction. Obviously the ribs vwhich have been referred to form vanes by which the liquidA is impelled with a whirling motion.

Having now described the invention what I believe to be new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is 1. A centrifugal `pump comprising a shaft, a rotary member carried thereby and a stationary member, said stationary and ro- .tarymembers having their confronting and engaging surfaces developed in a spherical form upon a radius from the point of great est bending moment of the shaft.

2. A centrifugal pump l comprising a shaft, a casing having an inlet and an outlet and provided with a plurality of communicating chambers between the inlet and the outlet, and a' plurality of impellers secured to the shaft and operating in said chambers, respective-ly, said impellers and chambers havin confronting'surfaces developed in a spherlcal form struck upon a radius from the point of greatest bending moment of the shaft.

3. A centrifugal pump comprising a shaft, a casing having an inlet and an' outlet and also having a cover and -a diaphragm correlated to provide a plurality of com-- municating chambers between the inlet and the outlet, and a plurality of impellers se- 'cured to the shaft and operating in said chambers, respectively, said cover, impellers and diaphragm having their surfaces developed in a spherical form struck upon a radius vfrom the point of greatest bending moment of the shaft.

4. A centrifugal` pump comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet and provided with a ledge wall between the same, a diaphragm whose peripheral portion rests upon the said ledge wall, a cover having a peripheral flange which also rests upon the said ledge wall and holds the diaphragm removably in place, and an impeller in operative relation with the diaphragm.

5. A centrifugal pump comprising a shaft,

a casing havlng an inlet and an outlet, and' ably in place, said cover and diaphragm providing a plurality of communlcating chambers between the inlet and the outlet, and a plurality of impellers secured to the shaft and operating in said chambers, respectively.

\ 6. A centrifugal pump comprising a shaft, a casing having an inlet and an outlet and provided between the same with a removable sectional diaphragm and a cover which holds the diaphragm in place, said cover and diaphragm providing a plurality of communicating chambers within the casing, and a plurality of impellers secured to the shaft and operating in the chambers, respectvely,- said cover, diaphragml and impellers having surfaces developed in a spherical form struck upon a radius from the point of greatest bending moment of the shaft. 4

7 A centrifugal pump comprising a ro- ,operating'in said chambers respectively, said tary shaft, an impeller carried thereby, and

` a stationary member operatively related to the impeller and having vanes to reduce the rotation of the liquid pumped, said impeller and stationary member havingV confronting surfaces develdpedin a spherical form struck upon a radius from the point of greatest bending moment of the shaft. Si A centrifugal pump comprising a r'o-,4

tary shaft, a casing having an inlet and an v outlet and provided between the saine 'with a plurality of stationary'member's correlated to form a plurality v'of communicating cham-v ...tary shaft, an impe upon a radius fromvthe. point. of

bers, said members having vanes, and aplurality of impellers secured to the shaft and impellers and stationary members having surfaces developed in-.a spherical 4form struckv upon -a radius from the point o greatest bending moment of the shaft.' .9. A'centrifugal pump, comprising a vrotary shaft, a casing having an inlet and an outlet and provided between the same with a removable sectional stationary member. having vanes, means for holding the stationary member in place, and. an impeller secured to the 'shaft and operatively related to the stationary member, said impeller and stationary member having confronting 'surfaces developed in a spherical form struck bending moment of the shaft. v

10. A centrifugal l1pump comprising a rostationary member and impeller vanes having confronting portions curved upon an arc struck from the noint of greatest bending moment of the shaft. l

11. A centrifugal. pump comprising a rotary shaft, an impeller carried thereby, and a stationary member, said impeller having greatest' i I er carried thereby and y provided with vanes, and' a stationary memf ber operatively related to the impeller, said means which are substantially in contact with the stationary member to constitute a seal and said stationary member and impeller. having confronting portions which are curved upon an arc struck from thepoint of shaft'. A i v v 12. Av centrifugal pump comprising a rogreatest bending moment ofthe 4tary shaft, an impellercarried thereby, a v ystationary member, said impeller Ahaving means which are substantially. in contact with the stationary member to constitute a seal,.'the contacting portions being curved Iupon an arc struck fromthe point of great est bending moment of the shaft. i

13. A centrifugal pump comprising a rotary shaft,- `an impeller carried thereby and including vanes and with a cover for the 1 vanes, and a stationary member, the cover of theimpe'ller having projections in'contact with the vstationary member to constitute a' seal 'the confronting surfaces of which are curved upon an arc struck from the point of greatest bending moment' of lthe shaft.

A 14.1A centrifugal pump comprising a'rotary longitudinally adjustable shaft 'having means-for fixing it in adjusted position, an impeller carriedl thereby, vand a stationary member in-operativerelation with the'impeller, said impeller and stationary'member i shaft l ,A v In witness whereof I have hereunto Aset Y my hand at Perth Amboy, County ofMiddlesex, State of New Jersey, this 20 day'of August, 1917i y v FRANK LANTISELL.-

In presence ofV WM. l?. BRADLEY,

1 C'. G. Prox.

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