US1670235A - Variable spray device - Google Patents

Description

May 115,. 1928.

fai/wig 5% v m T w N E v m f ,f IIII l v a IIIIII ||1\llllllll |nvv 0 l ls l'. Effiv Buchan cm/ ATTORNEY WITNESS:

IsAAo W. P. BUCHANAN,

or LEBANON, ,TENNESSEE VARIABLE SPRAY DEVICE.

Application' med February This invention relates to hand operated continuous variable spray devices, the general object of theinvention being to so constructv the device that it can be sold at low' l cost and operated by persons of no or little mechanical knowledge with but little danger Of-its getting out 'of order.

Another object of the invention is to vprovide a cap for the liquid container of the device, having a chambered head or dome with which communicates an eduction tube having an adjustable nozzle and stabilizing means therefor on its outer end and through which passes a liquid tube which also extends into the liquid in the container, with a hand pump for introducing air into the head lso that some of the air will pass downwardly into the container and place the liquid therein under compression to force the liquid through the liquid tube, and some of the air will pass directly into the eduction tube and act on the liquid emerging from the liquid tube and thus cause the liquid to pass from the nozzle in the form of a spray, the adjustable nozzle acting as means for controlling the texture of the spray.

Another object of the invention is to so position the liquid tube in relation to\ the eduction tube that the delivery end portion of the liquid tube is circumferentially spaced from the delivery end portion vof the eduction tube to form an annular unobstructed-air outlet passage. This passage serves two purposes, one being that the emerging liquid is contacted on all sides by the air under pressure, thus producing a. uniformly textured spray and the other being that this annular passage is not as likely .to be clogged as a more restricted passage, and if clogged,l it is more easily cleaned.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for rigidly holding the liquid tube against movement in the eduction tube so that the nozzle can be agjusted from a position where itrests agains the end ofthe liquid tube to varying distances from said 'end without danger of movement of the liquid tube interfering with the functioning of.

- in the eduction tubeQs centrally arranged `100 Yewiih.. relation to the eduction'tubeo as to the nozzle in producing a variable spray.

To the attainment of the foregoing, the invention consists in the improvement-as reception and connection of a forward tu.

11, 1925. Serial No. 8,561.

hereinafter described and definitely claimed.- In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification Figure 1 isja fragmentary view of the im'- proved device, with parts in section and parts in elevation. f

Figure 2 is a. section on line 2.''2 of Figure 1. J

Figure 3V is an enlarged sectional `view through the nozzle part of the device. Figure 4 is an elevation with parts in section, showing a. modification of the nozzle part,

Figure 5 is an elevation with parts in section, of another modication.

Among other elements, my novel device comprises a tank 1. 'The said tank 1 is provided with `a neck I2 threaded at 3 and terminating at its upper end in an inwardly directed annular flange 4. Y y The device also comprises-a capmember 9 for use on the neck 2. Said 'cap member 9 is threaded as shown to engage'the thread 3 of the neck 2.and is formed atV its upper end with a hollow head or dome member 12, the chamber formed by said hollow'hea'd or dome member being designated by 13,-v and said head isprovidedat its upper end with. a threaded projection 14. A gasket is placed '80 between the cap and ange 4, At diametrically opposite points, the 'hollow head 12 is provided with threaded apertures 2O and 21. The aperture 20 is for the bular extension 22 on a combined handle and pump cylinder 23, said cylinder 28 containinga reciprocatory piston (not shown) in connection with a handle disposed in rear of the cylinder, as-usual. In the ltubular extension 22 is a forwardly opening non-return valve 26. The threaded aperture y21 is for vvthe reception and engagement lof an eduction tube 30, the said tube 30 receiving the smaller liquid tube 31 whiph has a portieri` extending 95 dow-n into the tank 1'. v

As will be seen, the liquid tube is open -at\ [di bothendswith one en d protruding from the liquid tube and that part of. the liquidtube `provide an annular air passage, the liquid tube being supported in any suitable manner, such for instance by forming indentations in .the eduction tube to engage the liquid tube,

^ ciprocations of the piston in cylinder 23,

A eduction tube 30, as shown,

enthe device is used as a flame throWer` as it may be by spraying kerosene oil and i iting the same by a match 30X held in a c amp 30W which maybe attached to the the principle being the same as that in the Davy`m1ne lamp. This screen also acts to prevent the contents of the tank 1 from entering the dome member 12 if the tank should be upset, as this screen is of such a fine mesh as to practicallyprevent any liquid passing rthrough the same. This will prevent the contents of the tank from clogging the spraying parts. l

he forward portion of the eduction tube 30 is exteriorly threaded as shown for the engagement of a threaded nozzle 40 and a threaded lock nut 41, the lock nut 41 being located in rear of the'nozzle 40, and the two being separated by a washer 43 whereby when the nozzle 40 is positioned on the tube 3() and the nutV 41 is turned to jamb the washer 43 against the nozzle, casual movement of the nozzle with -respect to the tube.

' 30 wil'l be precluded and undue loss of com'- As shown in Figure 3, the lock bered at 60, to receive pressed air prevented. As shown, a,nozzle 40fwith a larger eduction orifice than that of the nozzle 40 is provided for use interchangeably with the nozzle 40, the nozzle that is not in use being detachably4 secured on the projection 14 of the hollow head or dome member l2. The aperture in each tip must be smaller than the opening in the liquid tube so" as to cause a varying back pressure of the air from the eduction tube on the liquid emerging from thesliquid tube,

nut is chamwasher 43.

It will be manifest `from the foregoing that when the nozzle on the eduction tube 30 is adjusted relative to the liquid tube 31, the device may be adapted to throw a coarse or long spray, even a solid stream or.

short and tine spray, the first-named stream or spray being brought about by positioning the nozzle with its orifice close to the eduction end of the liquid tube 31, and

the latter spray being brought about by a part rof the.

positioning the eduction orifice of the nozzle at a greater distance from the eduction end of the liquid tube 31.' For instance, when the tip or nozzle is in contact with the end of the liquid tube, the 'air vfrom the air passage cannot contact the stream of liquid passing from the liquid tube so that a solid stream .of liquid passes from' the device, but when, the tip or nozzle is removed slightly from contact with the end of the liquid tube, permitting air to act on' the liquid, thepressure of this airy on the emerging liquid 1s slight, due to friction of pas# sage of compressed air through the small annular opening, thus allowing large quantities of liquid to emerge under low pressure amount of' emergingliquid to a greater pressure., thereby causlng a correspondingly finer textured atomization.

Attention is called to the fact that the annular air passage formed by spacing the delivery end portion of the liquid tube circumferentially from the delivery end portion of the eduction tube, causes the compressed air Adischarging from the eduction tube to contact the liquid -emerging from the liquid tube with equal pressure on all the sides, thus producing a spray of'uniform density vand texture. .This annular passage is not .likely to be clogged as a more restricted passage would be, and if clogged, it is more easily cleaned. Either nozzle 40 or 40a may be employed, according to the use to which the device is to be placed. j

i l have found that it is absolutely necessary to provide a lock nut and washer or their equivalents to hold the tip or nozzlel in ad'usted position and to preventleak-v age o liquid and air at the rear of the nozzle, as Iv found without such means, the noz,.- zle would quickly get out of adjustment due to the ordinary handling of the device and that air and liquid would escape from be-` tween th-e nozzle and the eduction tube. It 1s extremely important to ho'ld the nozzle in adjusted position, particularly when the device is used for painting, for the slightest movement of the nozzle will vary the quantity and texture of the spray and thus' give the painted object an uneven coating.- The loss lof air through leakage necessitatesthe pump being actuated that the operator soon tires and the leak' age of liquid results in a flame at the rear o the nozzle, when the device is used asa iame maker, which seriously detracts from` the efficiency of the device and when the device4 is used for painting, the liquid paint dripping from the nozzle wi'll fall upon' at a greater speed. Aso

the surface being painted and thus cause spots. Thus it will be seen that the lock nut and washerv serve three distinct purposes, each of which is .absolutely essential 'to the proper and eflicient functioning of the spray device.

It will be manifest from the foregoing that through the medium of my' novel device, which obviously can be handled with great facility, a liquid spray may be produced, or a flaming spray may be produced by igniting the liquid coming lfrom the nozzle by a match 80* held in the holder 80"'. In fact, through the medium of my novel device, a variable straight-away liquid spray from one to eight feet in length may be produced and used for the customary purposes also, a Variable flaming spray from six inches to four feet in length may be produced, the liquid in the tank 1 being in such case an appropriate hydrocarbon -and the result being a simultaneous chemical and heat sterilization. In this use, if an ob'- ject to be sterilized is arranged between the extremities ofthe flaming spray, the said object will be subjected to the action of a direct heat sterilization and a, boiling hot chemical sterilization. Again it will be appreciated that my novel device affords an instantaneous blow torch and general utility flame, and this without danger as gasification takes `place exteriorly of the device and the flame does not come in contact with the nozzle. In this connection, I would have it,

understood that a long fiame the jintensity of which is lesessened inproportion to its length, is best for the removal of paint inasmuch as it is not liable to scorch wood.A

It will further be appreciated fromthe foregoing that my novel device is susceptible of being used to advantage `for a multiplicity of purposes such as starting fires, soldering and unsolderingconnections, thawing frozen pipes, spraying paint, heating the intake manifolds of automobile internal combustion engines, etc., and for the-customary spraying of liquids.

The device is also especially useful for spraying liquid paints of the lacquer type which dry so quickly that itis practically impossible to apply them with a brush'.

In the various-uses to which my novel 'device is put the combined handle and cylinder 23 is held in the left hand and the handle of the piston is actuated by the right hand, the discharge from the nozzle being accurately directed to the point of use without difficulty on the part of the user.

I prefer to employ for the production of a variable liquid spray the means best shownin Figure 3, but I would have it understood that when desired, the lock nut itself may be of heavy leather, inwhich event the in; terposedwasher would be altogether omitted.v It will also be noted that in the embodi- .atomizingftip tOf .held against casual turning on the eduction j the container, the said liquid tube being circumferentially ment shown ,in Figure 1, is fixed by being forced against the back wall of the dome chamber 13, as the eduction tube 30 is screwed in the dome, no soldering Whatever' being resorted to.

vThe embodiment of the invention shown in Figure l is characterized by a sleeved atomizing tip 409,' the sleeve of which is under pressure by virtue of a stuffing box 41e onthe eduction or air tube 30", and is adjustable lengthwise of said tube and adjustably held in position by the frictional contact afforded by said stuffing box.

The modification of Figure includes an subjectedto pressure and tube 30t by a coil spring 31t on thesaidtube, said spring bearing directly against a metallic washer 322 separated from the tip by a leather washer 33. f

I have explicitly described the illustrated and preferred embodiments of my invention in order to impart an exact understanding of said embodiments. I do not desire, however, tbbe understood as confining myself to the specific construction of the illustrated embodiments inasmuch as the scope of my invention is defined by my appended claims, and various changes may be made within the claims without involving departure from my invention.

1. A continuous variable hand operated spraying device, comprisingl a container, a` hollow head thereon and communicating therewith, a hand operated air compressing pump rigidly connected with the head for introducing compressed air into the head and container and for manipulating the spraying device when in`use, an eduction tube having one' end connected to and in communication` with the hollow head, a liquid tube open at both'ends extending through the eduction tube with its outer end protruding from the eduction tube and having its inner end portion depending into delivery end portion of spaced from the delivery end portion of the eductiorr tube to form an annular unob structed air outlet passage, means for immovably fixing ythe liquid tube relative to the eduction tube, thereby holding its pro-l truding end in fixed elation tothe/outer end of the eduction' tube, an atomiz'ing tip adjustably mounted on the outer end/ ofthe eduction tube so. that it can-` be moved into sealing engagement with the youter end of the liquid tube or held in spaced relation thereto', thereby wholly or partially preventing .compressed air from the eduction tube.

from contacting the -emerging liquid, and the aperture in the tip being smaller` than the outlet' from the liquid tube, thereby causing', with the adjustment of said tip, a

the liquid vuit@ 31 tube having one varying back pressure on the emerging liqcontinuous variablel hand operated" spraying device, comprising a container, a hollow head thereon and communicatlng therewith, a hand operated air compressing 'pump rigidly connected with the head for introducing compressed air into the head and container sprayingl device when in use, an eduction end threadedly connected into the head and in communication with the hollow head, a liquid tube open at both ends extending through the leduction tube with its outer end protruding from the eduction tube and having its inner end portion depending into the container, the delivery end portion of said liquid tube being circumferentially spacedl from the delivery end -portion of the eduction tube to form an annular unobstructed air outlet passage, said and for manipulating the threaded end of the eduction tube comprising adjustable means for immovably clamping the liquid tube against a portion of the i pressed air from the eduction tube from Acontacting the emerging liquid, and the aperture in the tip being smaller than the outlet from the liquid tube, thereby causing, with the adjustment of said tip, a varying back pressure on thc emerging liquid, and means for stabilizing the atomizing tip in its successive positions on the eduction tube and preventing the escape of air and liquid except through said aperture.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

. ISAAC W. P. BUCHANAN.

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