US1884931A

US1884931A - Liquid atomizer

Info

Publication number: US1884931A
Application number: US477255A
Authority: US
Inventors: Joseph T Voorheis
Original assignee: Coen Co LLC
Current assignee: John Zink Co LLC
Priority date: 1930-08-23
Filing date: 1930-08-23
Publication date: 1932-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 1949-10-25

Description

Oct. 25, 1932. .1. T. vooRHEls 1,884,931

I LIQUD ATOMIZER Filed Aug. 25, 1930' /4 /z j Z .277 Ven for' Joseph 77 l/oore/ls thesreasons above State@ p t secure a burner tip structure 15 in position ".J" ,Y Theobject of the present invention is t Vltlllnlthe Of the tube. The burner Patented Get. 25, 1932 e l STATES PATENT OFFICE e if J'OSEPI-I T. VOORHEIS, OF LOS ANGELS, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO COEN COMPANY, INC., v l LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA l LIQUID AToMiznn app1ieauona1eu-august 23, 193e. serial No. 477,255.

This invention relates to a liquid atomizer, section and elevation through the device and particularly pertains` to a unitarystrucshown in Fig. 1, and as viewed on the line ture comprising a spray tip and an atomizer, 2--2.

u e and this application is a continuation in part Fig. 3 is a view in transverse section show- `5 oi? my co-pending application entitled Liqlng the thimble used on the burner tip as 55 uid atomizer, iiled July 24, 1929, Serial No. S6611, 0n the 11n@ 3*.3 0f F 1g- 4- 380,573. e y` n fio. 4f is a view in elevation showing the `Liquid atomizers 'are used for numerous hlrnble Structure. purposes, such as oil burners, milk dryers, Fig. 5 is a view in elevation showing the 1`0' paint spray gung, 3130 and in most instances assembled burner tip, diSaSSOCiated from a 30 a spray tip is employed. lIn oil burners the burner nOZZle. v angle of spray projection is important, inclv Fig. 6 is a view in transverse section showis partially dependent upon two features, toing another'form of the invention, in which A1 wit, orifice areaand the total aree of the the tangential fuel passageways are in the 16 atomizing tangente.. AIt either area is changed 1Olln pf C yllndlical openings. 65

the angle of Spray projection will Change, p Reierring more particularly to the drawand if theatomzer'is used in an oil burning lng, 10 "indicates a burner tube; forming a furnace the Spray might be'projeeted against nozzle at its end, said tube being formed with the side walls of the fire boX or otherwise and a hreadd @11d Portion 1,1 t0 reCeVe. 2L nut Ill causecarbon formation and poorcombustion. 12- ThlS'IlU'G S formed With a r1atVe1y In oil burners the tipe weer fairly rapidly large central opening 13, and an end shoulder and are for that reason renewed from vtime 14e Thvend Shoulder 14 COOperateS With the to time. .This is obviously bad practice for end face of the tube to accommodate and `generally improve and simplify the construc- COIHPISQS J C'lfrrlV dSC 16 WhCh' 'S h@-` tion and 'operation Vof liquid atomizers; .to WGGn the end 121C@ 0f the tube 10 and the provide an atomizer in which the'tip` and Shoulder 14C 0f the-nut 12 A, atomizer is formedy as an vintegral unit sopas The bOdY -{JOI'On Ofthe tip `15 comprises to prevent renewal of one part without re- 2l ffylndral threaded length 17 and a tunewirig the other .j to provide an atomizeibular lportion 18 of reduced diameter extendwhichcan be readily removed and opened` ing therefrom` and longitudinally aligned for cleaning; toprovide a removable friction therewithi plug'for the purpose of further facilitating The frOnt aCe 0f the dSC 16 iS fOrIned 8 Cleaning'gland further t0 provide an'atomizer Wlli a Central llOjeCtiOIl` 19, thIOugh Which t having an interior chamber presenting two Centra-l jet Opening 20 Occurs. This jet dierent diameters, and holes in the larger Opening communicates with a larger circular chamber which are tangent, to the smaller pi'SSgeWly 21,7Wh0h in 'Gurn COInInnnCateS chamber so as toreduce the cost of manufacwith a larger circular opening 22. The con-v go 40 ture and t0' produce betteratomizing kCondtgLIOuS eClgGS Of the ClICUlaI Openings 21 and tions. v l 22 are joined by an end wall 23, while the The invention is illustrated by way of eX- contiguous edges of the jet opening 20 and ample in the accompanying drawing, Ain the opening 21 are joinedby an inclined wall .4"5. which portion 24. Thus, the sectional area ofthe 95 l is an enlarged view in central secbore through the jet is progressively reduced tion through the end of a fuel burner showieromthe induction to the eduction end of the ing in detail the structure with which the jet, 'although the reduction is made in three present vinvention is concerned. abrupt stages.

o Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in transverse The end ofthe cylindrical portion 18 ofthe ioo jet and within which portion the large bore 22 occurs, is formed with a series of slots 25, here shown as being four in number. Attention is directed to the fact that these slots are disposed with their outer edges along the line of tangent of the diameter of the bore 21, as indicated by the dotted line a in Fig. 2 of the drawing.

This area is a desirable and an essential portion of the present invention, since the tangential arrangement of the slots makes it possible for them to be radially milled in the end of the cylindrical member 18, and for the important reason that the liquid which is forced in through the slots and to the central bore 22, will be given impetus to form a gyratory path of travel, the outer bounds of which are substantially described by a circle the diameter of the bore 21. It has been found that by this arrangement whereby the inwardly projecting jets of liquid are thus directed along a circle considerably less than the diameter of the bore 22, a column of oil having uniform rotative movement and density is insured, and causes it to be project ed from the jet opening 20 with uniform velocity and in a jet of uniform density.

In order to insure that the liquid which is forced through. tube 1() will be uniformly distributed to the various jet grooves 25, a thimble 26 is provided to be mounted over the end of the cylindrical portion 18 of the burner tip, `and with its end wall 27 abutting against the end of the burner tip.

The thimble comprises a cylindrical sleeve portion 28 internally threaded to engage the threaded portion 17 of the burner tip. The inside diameter of the sleeve 28 is considerablyl greater than that of the outside diameter ofthe cylindrical portion 18 of the jet, thus forming an annular passageway 29 communieating with the outer ends of the jet slots 25.

r)The end wall 27 is scalloped as indicated at 30, to form openings 31 which permit communication from the interior of the tube 10 with the annular passageway 29, and thus distribute the liquid uniformly to the passageway 29 through the series of openings 31.

In the present instance, four jet slots 25 are. shown, and y*openings 31 are provided.

The thimble 26 is exteriorly knurled so that it may be readily placed upon the tip or removed.

In operation of the present invention, the burner tip with its thimble will be assembled as shown in F ig. 5 of the drawing, after which the structure may be mounted within the end of the burner tube 10 as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing. The tip is held in position by the clamping action of the nut 13 which is threaded onto the end of the tube. Liquid under pressure such as oil, may then be forced through the tube toward the tip. This oil will pass through the series of openings 31 into the annular passageway 29, and will then pass in separate tangential jets through the et slots 25 and into tie large cylindrical bore 22. The whirling jets will then move/longitudinally of the bore 22 and into the restricted bore 21, after which the mixed liquid will be violently projected through the jet opening 2O and will be mechanically atomized due to its velocity of rotation and centrifugal force.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 6, the burner tip is formed substantially as previously described, with exception that the tangential passageways 25 extend through the body of the cylindrical portion 18 of the burner tip and are not slotted into the end of the cylindrical portion 25.

In actual practice it should be realized that where an atomizer of this character is used in conjunction with an oil burner the wear is fairly rapid, as considerable gritty matter, such as sand and the like, is contained in the oil. The discharge orifice wears, and so do the tangents. It may also be stated that the wear at the discharge orifice is usually the greatest, hence the common practice of employing a separable spray tip which may be renewed from time to time. This is, however, bad practice as the angle of spray projection will gradually change whenever a new tip is applied.

By constructing the atomizer and the tip as an integral unit such replacement is eliminated as the atomizer and spray tip are formed as a single unit and when replacement is required both will have to be replaced at one time, thus insuring a more uniform spray angle, and more efficiency. It should also be noted that the atomizer may he readily removed at any time by merely unscrewing the nut 12. When the spray tip is removed the thimble 26 can be unscrewed and the interior cleaned. That is, the spray chamber may be wiped out and the tangentials 25 and the jet opening may also be readily cleaned. Better atomization is insured, due to the primary movement produced by the oil jets.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention as now known to me, it will be understood that various changes may be made in the combination, construction and arrangement of parts by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed. j

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In combination with a fuel supply tube, a burner tip adapted to be mounted at the end thereof, said tip comprising a disc-shaped section of larger diameter than the opening through the burner tube and adapted to abut against the end of the burner tube, a sleeve nut adapted to be secured upon the end of the tube and adapted to engage the disc of the tip and hold it in position over the end of the tube, a tubular portion forming a part of ops said tip and telescoping into said supply tube, a central passageway including a cylindrical opening of relatively large diameter at the end of the tubular portion of the tip Within the tube and cylindrical passage sections of progressively decreased diameters communicating with a general opening of relatively small diameter, a thimble removably positioned over the tubular end of the tip and substantially closing the end of the passageway through the tip and a plurality of tangential passageways through the wall of the tubular section of the tip and in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis thereof, said passageways being on the tangent of a circle whose diameter agrees with the inside diameter of a section of passageway smaller than the portion of the passageway with which they communicate.

2. In communication with a fuel supply tube, a burner tip adapted to be mounted at the end thereof, said tip comprising a discshaped section of larger diameter than the opening through the burner tube and adapted to abut against the end of the burner tube, a sleeve nut adapted to be secured upon the end of the tube and adapted to engage the disc of the tip and hold it in position over the end of the tube, a tubular portion forming a part of said tip and telescoping into said supply tube, a central passageway including a cylindrical opening of relatively large diameter at the end of the tubular portion of the tip within the tube and cylindrical passage sections of progressively decreasing diameters communicating with a general opening of relatively small diameter, a thimble removably positioned over the tubular end of the tip and substantially closing the end of the passageway through the tip, and a plurality of tangential passageways through the wall of the tubular section of the tip and in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis thereof, said passageways being on the tangent of a circle whose diameter agrees with the inside diameter of a section of passageway smaller than the portion of the passageway with which they communicate, the said thimble cooperating with the tubular portion of the burner tip to form an annular passageway therearound and having openings to establish communication between said annular passageway and interior of the supply tube whereby liquid may be supplied to the tangential openings. y

3. A fuel atomizer comprising a liquid fuel supply tube, a fuel tip at the end thereof substantially closing the end of the tube and having an inwardly extending cylindrical portion the outer circumference of which is materially smaller than the inner circumference of the tube, a central passageway longitudinally of the tip which is of relatively f large diameter at its outer end and continues in a -portion of lesser diameter communicating with a relatively small outlet opening at the eduction end of the jet, said progressively reduced diameters being connected by intermediate tapered wall sections, a cap closing the induction end of said tip and forming an annular passageway therearound, induction openings through the cap to permit fluid to enter said annular passageway from the tube and tangential passageways formed in the large diameter wall of the tip and lying in a circle described by the diameter of the smaller sectioned opening of the tip whereby communication will be established from the annular passageway into the longitudinal passageway of the tip to introduce fluid under pressure and to step up a swirling motion producing a gyrating column of substantially the diameter of the intermediate passagewa)` in the tip.

JOSEPH T. VOORHEIS.