US1649964A - Reflection gauge - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nov. 22, i927.

,KUNITEDI,STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

wiLLIAM ints, orvonxnns, nnw yonx, assrenon'ro ELECTRICAL TESTING tanona ronrns, or NEW YORK, 15:. Y n CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

REFLECTION GAUGE.

Applicationfiled August 20, 1924. Serial Ho. 733,105;

The invention relates to a gaugefor meas-. uring reflection factors offdilfusely reflect ing surfaces, and has for its objects to provide a cheap and readily portable device having no moving parts,.which may becarried in the vest pocket or in-a'pocket book,

and by means of which the reflection factors of surfaces may beobtained without the use of test lamps or other illuminating devices. "1 d "tl b t '11 f ll .iese an 1m ler 0 180 s wi more u y appear inthe followinng specification and accompanying drawings considered together or separately.

The invention w11l be more thoroughly understood with the aid of the description given in connection with the accompanying drawings in whlch like parts in all of the several figures are designated by corresponding characters of reference, and in which 7 Fig. 1 is a face view of the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a face view of a slightlymodified form of the device.

Fig. 4 is a front view of'another modification of the invention.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention 3 designates a circular card which may be of paper or any other suitable opaque material. Around the disc, and at the pee riphery thereof, is printed, or otherwise impressed or delineated, an annular shaded wedge i which, starting from the point 5 with black is gradually and by almost im-V perceptible degrees, shaded to merge into white at the same point, the wedge from black to white having made a circle.

lVithin the boundaries of the wedge the card is provided with a circular series of perforations 6, preferably circular in form, and on the card preferably inside of the wedge and in circular series is arranged a series of numbers 7 each designating an approximate reflection factor. v The perforations may, if desired, instead of being in the shaded portion, be alongside of the same. j

In order to protect the face of the card, a disc 8 preferably of transparent celluloid, is secured thereto. InFigs. 1 and 2 the disc 8 is secured in position by or hollow rivet 9. r V V r In Fig. 3 the wedge 10 is straight and the sight openings 11 are arranged along the means of an eyeletwedge. The factor numbers 12 are arranged alongside 'of thejsame. The surface of the card bearing the wedge and numerals may be protected by means of a transparent sheet, or the samemaybc treated-to a'coat of transparent. varnish. I

In operation the gauge is placed over the reflecting surface, such as a wall, ceiling, floor, etc, and the said surface is viewed through the openings 6 or 1.1 as the case may be. WVhenthellight reflected from the surface being tested through an opening corresponds in brightness with that portion of the shaded wedge surrounding the opening, the factor number at the opening will give the percentage of light reflected from the,

surface.

The operator must refrain from comparing the color ortint of the surface with that of the wedge, and deal with the brightness only. This'may be facilitated by observing the gauge and surface by twilight vision, that is, by partly closing the eyes whereby color differences will not be apparent.

Some reflecting factors (approximate) are as follows:

. 5 Per cent. Blotting papern 7()75 Kraft wrapping paper 30-40 Wall papers 10-70 White lead and oil paint"; 7 0 Light bufi' paint 65 Whitebond paper y present.

In addition to its use as ameans for measuring reflection factors of diffusely reflecting surfaces, the device may also be employed in connection with a photometer in which the light of the comparison lamp, or other source of illumination, iskept constant, the photometric balance being; ob-

tained by varying the comparison surface,

thatis, varying reflection factor ofthe comparison surface, (the shaded jwedge).

this case the scale may be omitted when the reflection factor of the test surface is known.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes the principle of the invention has been described, together with the apparatus which is now considered to represent the best embodiment thereof, but it is desired to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that the invention may be carried out in other ways.

The invention having been described, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. In a reflection gauge, the combination-v with a body having a shaded surface and a plurality of perforations 1n the shaded portion, of a sequence of numbers representing reflection factors arranged relative to the! p 2. In a reflection gauge, the combination with a body having an area shaded in uninterrupted sequence from black to Whiteand plurality of perforations extendingin a serieslengthwise through the. shaded portion, of a series of numbers associatedtherewith and designating approximately the light reflection factors of the shaded area.

3. In a reflection- -gauge, the combination with a body having an area shaded gradually from black to white and a pluralityof aperforations extending lengthwise through the shaded portion, of a sequence of numbers arranged parallel tothe perforations :each in proximity to a perforation and designating approximately the light reflection factor of the shaded area surrounding the adjacent perforation.

This specification signed this eleventh day of August, 1924. r

' WILLIAM F. LITTLE;

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