US1639744A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

A. MISCH OIL BURNER Aug. 23 1927.

Filed .June 16. 1925 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 23, 1927.

UNITED STATES AUGUSTUS IIBCH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

on. Bums.

Application fled June 16, 1925. Serial 10. 87,454.

this trade demand. The invention pertains 4 more particularly to burners designed to forcibly inject atomized liquid fuel into the combustion chamber of the furnace or, in other words, to devices which are sometimes termed injector burners. L

The general object of the invention is to provide a burner of the type mentioned with means whereby perfect combustion of the fuel is obtained. One of the more specific objects of the invention is to provide a simple and efficient means for vaporizing the liquid fuel, then atomizing the vaporized fuel and forcibly injecting the same into a combustion chamber, mixing additional air with the atomized fuel beforeits entry into the combustion chamber, sufficient to cause complete combustion, and thereby producing the maximum amount of heat.

Anotherobject of the invention is to so design the combustion chamber that a whirling motion is imparted to the fuel stream and flame therein, whereby an elfective blue or heat flame is obtained, the combustion chamber remaining thus free, from carbon or other objectionable matter which is likely to reduce the efiiciency of the burner and cause the same to smoke, thus overcoming many of the objections incident to burners heretofore proposed for burning heavier liquid hydrocarbons.

With these and other objects in view, which will more fully appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the combination, arrangement' and construction of parts hereinafter described, pointed out in the appended claims 5 and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it being understood that many changes may be made in the size and proportion of the several parts and details of construction within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention. .One of the many possible embodiments of the invention is illustrated in the accompanya ing drawings, in which e 65. Figure 1 isa topplan view of a burner constructed in accordance with the resent invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation t ereof, partly in section; and Fig; 3 is a top plan view of a detail of construction, on a larger scale.

Referring now to the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates a base plate, carried by a standard 11. On this base plate is mounted an electric motor 12, actuating a blower13 of any suitable construction. This blower furnishes air under pressure to a chamber 14. the inlet 15 to which is connected to the outlet end 16 of the blower, while the outlet 17 of the said chamber communicates with a combustion chamber 18, which will be described in detail hereinafter. Within the chamber 14 is disposed a shallow pan or tray 19, having a corrugated bottom 20. This tray or pan is disposed a substantial distance above the bottom 21 of the chamber 14, it being mounted upon supports 22 and 23, in the form of plate members, which extend transversely of the chamber 14. Between the supports 22 and 23 is disposed, within the chamber 14 and below the corrugated bottom of the tray 19, a pilot burner 24 of any suitable construction. In the case illustrated this pilot burner is a liquid fuel burner, fuel being led to the same through a pipe 25. The pilot burner heats, the pan or tray 19, vaporizing liquid fuel that is fed into the said pan or tray. Another purpose of the burner is, to ignite the combustible mixture, as will hereinafter appear, and for this purpose there are provided small openings 26 in the support 22 through which the flame of the pilot burner issues to a point adjacent the outlet 17. of the chamber 14.

A liquid fuel supply pipe 27 terminates above the pan or tray 19, the said ipe being connected with a tank, not shown. Into the supply pipe is inserted an automatic magnetic valve 28 of any suitable construction. This valve is controlled by a thermostat, it being normally closed. If the electric circuit is broken or the current shut off for any reason, the liquid fuel is cut off, making it impossible forfuel to enter the chamber 14. Into the supply pipe 27 is furthermore inserted a safety device '29, in the form of a valve, the latter being normally in its open position. The last-mentioned valve is controlled by a drip cup 30, above which terminates a pipe 31, tapped into the bottom of the compartment 14 and also mto the 110 bottom of the combustion chamber 18. If liquid fuel enters the compartment 14 or the combustion chamber'and is not consumed, 1t is drained into the cup 30, whereby the valve .5 of the safet mechanism 29 is set to closing position.- Iiito the supply pipe is furthermore inserted a control valve 32, usually a needle valve, b which the flow of the liquid fuel through t e pipe 27 may be regulated. The compartment 14 is provided with a partition 14' above the pan 19. This partition is inclined toward the support 22, dividing part of the compartment 14 into two passages. The front edge 33 of the partition '15 is disposed a little distance above the front edge of the pan 19, whereb a narrow slot 34 is'provided between the ront edge of, the partition and the front edge of the pan 19. Between the partition and the pan is interposed a wedge-shaped body .35, the base of which is smaller than the width of the part1- tion, as clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, its apex being disposed nearer the sup port 23 thanthe su port 22.- In a similar 25 manner is interposed etween the top of the chamber 14 and the partition 14' a wedgeshaped body 36, the base of which is smaller than the width of the said partition. this manner the passage below the partition 14 and also the passage above the said partition is divided into two branches.

The combustion chamber 18 is supported by a standard 37 and is in the form of an open pot, which is substantially heart-shaped in horizontal cross-section. The combustible mixture issuing from the slot 34 on one side of the wedge-shaped'body 35 mingles with the air issuin from the passage in alignment therewit above the partition14', is 40 then ignited in a manner hereinafter to be described, the'mixture and the flame moving along the curved wall of the fire pot, itsdirection being changed, so that a whirling inotion is imparted to the. same. The combustible mixture. issuing from the slot 34 on the other side of the wedge-shaped body 35 meets air moving through the passage in alignment therewith above the said partition, andafter ignition the mixture and 5 flame move along the curved wall of the fire pot, more particularly along the other side of the said pot, their direction being changed, owing to the shape of the said pot, and a whirling motion is imparted to the same. a

The operation of this device is as follows After the pan or tray 19' has been properly heated by the pilot burner 24. the valve 32, controlling the fuel supply, is set to .open position. The electric motor is then set in operation, whereby the blower is actuated and the magnetic valve set to open position.

The valve 29 is in open position, provided the drip an .30 is empty. The liquid hydrocarbon ows drops into the heated pan 19 and is therein vaporized. The air, forced into the chamber 14, is divided by the par-- tition 14, part of it flowing below the said artition and part above the same. The air below the partition is divided into two streams by the wedge-shaped body 35, and the air above the partition is divided into two streams by the wedge-shaped body 36. The air below the said partition atomizes the vaporized fuel, the atomized fuel issu- 7 ing through the narrow slot 34 in two streams, which are met by the air streams flowing above the partition 14'. The mixtures so obtained are ignited by the jets issuing from the openings 26 in the front support 22 and move along the curved wall of the heart-sha ed combustion pot whirlin around, meeting in. the center of the pot an burning with a transparent, blue heat-producing flame. It is to be noted that the air streams, flowing above the partition 14, meet the combustible mixture streams at an acute angle, so that a roper mixure of the air with the atomized fuel is obtained. Attention is called to the fact that the air flows through the chamber 14 under pressure. The passages, through which the atomized fuel ows, are in the form of nozzles, so that the combustible mixture issues from the chamber 14 under an increased pressure, it being forcibly injected into the air streams.

When liquid fuel drops onto the heated pan 19, the lighter particles are immediately vaporized, while the heavier particles form a foam. The vaporized particles and the foam are carried through the nozzles by the air pressure and are thus transformed into a dry oil gas, ready to mingle with the air streams flowing above the partition 14'. What I claim is 1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a combustion chamber, a pan disposed outside of said combustion chamber, means for heating said pan for vaporizing the'fuel, means. for atomizing the fuel outside of said combustion chamber and causing the heavier particles settling onto the bottom of said pan to move alongwith the atomized fuel, and means for causing a stream of air to flow on top of the atomized fuel stream as 11.5

the latter enters said combustion chamber.

2. A liquid fuel'burner comprising a fire pot, a chamber communicating with said fire pot, means for supplying air under pressure to'said chamber, a partition dividing said chamber into two passages, a pan disposed in one of said passages, means for. heating said pan for vaporizing the fuel, the

air passing oversaid pan atomizing the vaporized fuel and causing the heavier particles settling onto the bottom of said pan to move along with the atomized fuel, the other one of said passages serving to conduct pure air into said combustion chamber and being constructed so that the stream of stream as the latter enters said combustion chamber.

3. A liquid fuel burner accordin to claim 2, comprlsmg a wedge-shaped y in eachof said passages for divlding the atomized fuel and pure air streams before they meet.

4. A liquid fuel burner comprising a combustion chamber in the form of a substantially heart-shaped open pot having a bottom and a curved vertical wall, means for producing twofuel and flame'streams, and means for causing the said two fuel and flame streams to move initially along opposite portions of the curved wall of sald combustl'on chamber and then to meet in the lonitudinal center line of said chamber, wherey a whirling motion is imparted to said streams.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 10th day of June, A. D. 1925.

AUGUSTUS MISCH.

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