US1637898A - Automatic oil burner - Google Patents

Description

F. J. EvA'Ns ET A1.

AUTOMATIC OIL BURNER original Filed June 2s. 1924 Aug. 2, 1927.

Patented Aug. 2,1927.U

UNITED STATES PATENT yorr ICE.

EEANK J. EvANs AND HERMAN c. HANSEN, oil` MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, AssIGNoRs,

BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, LOUDEN MACHINERY COMPANY, OF FAIRFIELD,

' IOWA., A CORPORATION OF IOWA.

AUTOMATIC oir. BURNER.

Application filed June 23, 1924, Serial No. 721,687. Renewed May 12, 1926.

This invention relates to a liquid fuel burner such as an oil burner now commonly used in stoves and furnaces. j

It is an object of this invention to provide a simple and efficient form of oil burner and one which can veryreadily and quickly be installed in the furnace' andv removed therefrom when desired. v

It is a further object of th/e invention to 10 provide such aburner' having a novel form of fuel supply pipejadaptedto form a pilot.

It is also an object of theinvention to provide a bowl-like burner' receptacle having an adjustable ring-like cap atthe top thereof.

'These and other objects and'advantages of the invention will be fully set, forth in the -following description made in connection with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to the same parts throughout the different views; and in which A F ig. 1is a view in side eleva-tion of the device, certain parts being broken away and others shown in vertical section; Fig. 2 is a view in vertical section thro gh the burner and supply conduit thereof, the4 same being show n on an enlarged scale, a portion of Ythe device being shown in different position in dotted lines; and 3o Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of one end of the supply pipe; a portion thereof being shown in vertical section, this figure j being shown on a still more enlarged. scale.

Referring to the drawings, a portion of a furnace of modern standard construction is illustrated having a cylindrical casing 1 and a front charging and ash idoor opening 2. In accordance with the present invention a supporting means in the form of a cradlelegs 3a and upwardly projecting arms 3 it may be of different heights'arranged to support a bowl member 4 forming a fire pot.

beveled and a flame .directing cap-5 has an.

like bracket. or plate 3 is illustrated having.'k

The arms 3b in fact areusually of thesame height. In Fig. 1 the center arm extends in' inwardly beveled circular portion fitting in the beveledportion -of said bowl. The cap 5 has a downwardly flaring opening therethrough and is shown as having a surrounding flange portion 5a, cap 5 thus forming a connected at its other end to a joint or union member 7 illustrated as in the forin of af split sleeve with clamping flanges 7=1 drawn together by bolts 7b. The member 7 connects the pipe 6 to the discharge spout of a fan 'casing 8 lenclosing a fan, not shown,

which is mounted onand driven by a shaft 9 of an electric motor 10. Themotor 10 is equipped with the usual electric conductors 11 which are connected to aswitch member l2 adapted to be moved vto stop and start said motor. A pair of conductors 13 connect the switch 12 to any-suitable source of power. The motor 10 and fan casing 8 are supported on a base member 14 mounted on a suitable support 15. The switch 12 .is operated through an arm 16 connected thereto by a flexible member or cord 17 suitably disposed over a pair of pulleys 18 and connected to the arms 19 of a half revolution motor 20.

A supply tank for liquid fuel is shown at 21 and a pipe 22 controlled by a suitable valve 23 leads from the bottom of said tankto -another controlling valve 24 adaptedl to be. moved to closev and open position by an arm 25. -The arm 25 lis connected to and operated by a flexible member or cord 26 of a half revolution motor 20, saidarm 27 being'disposed oppositely to the arms 1 9. A pipe V28 connects valve 24 to another regulating valve 29 having an adjusting or regulating arm 30 adapted to be moved to various positions. A n oil supply pipe or conduit 31 extends from the valve 29 downwardly through the central part of the coupling sleeve 7 and then extends longitudinally of pipe 6 adjacent the bottom thereof to a point adjacent the bowl 4.- The pipe 31 passes into the sleeve 7 between the ends of pipe 6 andv casing 8 and may thus form a stop for 'the y ends of said pipe and casing when placed in said sleeve. The pipe 31 is here turned up-A Wardly or vertically'by means of an elbow and thus provided'with the vertically eX- tending port-ion 31a. Said portion 31JL is in turn connected to another elbow to which is also connected a portion 32 extending horizontally adjacent the top of pipe 6 and projecting rearwardly. A T member`33 is connected to the`rear end of portion 32 and the downwardly projecting cross arm of the\T connected to a suitable nipple and another elbow 34 having a 'horizontal portion projecting horizontally toward bowl 4. An

apertured plug 35 extends -into said horizontal portion of elbow 34 and forms a discharge nozzle. The outer end of T member 33 is closed by a plug 36. The pipe 6 has an opening 6a in its lower side and a pipe 37 is connected thereto in communication with said opening, said pipe 37 extending rearwardly and slightly downwardly andhaving a discharge end disposed over a pail 38, said pail being hung upon the lower hooked end of an arm 39 arranged upon a certain pressure to operate and close the valve 24.

In joperation, the fan in the casing 8 will .be driven by motorlO, valve 23 will be `through pipe 6. The

opened and the motor 20 will be in position to open valve 25. Liquid fuel will be fed by pressure or gravity into the pipe 22 and will pass through pipes 28 and` 31 and be discharged through the nozzle 35. The portions 31l 'and 32will preliminarily be heated in any suitable manner so that as the liquid fuel passes therethrough it vaporized. This vaporized fuel issuing from nozzle 35 will be ignited,l the same being mixed with air supfpliedfrom thefan ame "formed will play against the portion 3=1a and adjacent portions so that these portions will con- .A vstantly be heated. The vflame is lalso pro- 1ected into bowl 4.and deflected upwardly through cap 5. 'As indicated indotted lines in Fig. 2, the cap 5 can be tilted to different positions which will move its upper edges laterally so that the flame can be directed laterally at ydifferent points in-the furnace if desired thus making it better adapted to different kinds of furnaces.- The portion 31a of the pipe with its adjacent portions will always be kept hot and the liquidfuel passino' therethrou h will constantly be vaporize. The hal' revolution motor 2O is controlled by a thermostat disposed in the room to be heated and when the temperature rises sufliciently said motor will be operated and arms 27swung upwardly and arms 1S) swung to its downward\position. This motion through the cord or cable 26 will substantially close the valve 24 and through the cord or cable 17 will tur-hoff the motor 10 at the switch 12. Valve 24 is arranged to permit. a small portion of the liquid fuel to pass therethrough. This will maintain a small fiame at the nozzle 35"sutiiciently to vapori'ze ,the fuel. This small vflame thus will be and. adjacent portions to.

maintained atthev nozzle 35vwill constitute a .pilot light. As's'oon as the temperature in the rooms to be 'heated drops'below the desired point, the motor 20 will again be operated and arms 25'and 16 operated through their cords, respectively to .open valve 24 and close switch 12. A large supply of fuel will then be turned on and the furnace again will be started. `The pilot flame will be increased to a flame of normal size and the furnace again operated. If for any reason the ame should be entirely extinguished so that oil will accumulate in the bottom of bowl 4, the same willrun out. through pipe 37 and into the pail 38. The portion 4a land 'the end of pipe 6 are disposed some distance above the curved bottom of the bowl 4 so that there is a recess below said'ends. lf oil should accumulate in the bottom ofthe bowl, any sediment or foreign particles would be retainedin this recess and only vtheA clean oil would run back through the pipe 6 and through the drain pipe .37. The aperture in the pipe and thev drain pipe, therefore, will not be clogged by the sediment or foreign particles. When suicie'nt weight port for the fan and motor 10 being moved rearwardly. IReady access may then be had to the oil pipe 31 and conduit 6. The member 5 and bowl 4 ca n also be readily removed from the furnace. It is not necessary that the bowl 4 and support 3 be moved in order ito separatepipek 6 and casing 8 at the connecting sleeve 7. The sleeve-7 can often be moved enough to make the separation. It is desirable at times to separate the pipe 6 and casing 8 to withdraw the pipe 31 from the pipe 6 or to make some adjustment of the nozzle portion 35.' The sleeve 7, therefore, greatly facilitates these necessary operations on the burner. All parts of the burner are" thus quickly and easily accessible. It can be vvery quickly placed in position or removed. Bracket 3 has its plate portion ldisposed some distance below the wbowl- 4 and this platel portion will absorb some of the heat radiated from the bowl. The arms 3l permit circulation of air above the plate and a comparatively uniformtfemperatuie is thus maintained all aroundthe plate which prevents cracking or warping. The plate 3'isa-lso spaced from the floor by legs 3 andthe .circulation of the cool air can take place beneath lthe plate.

loo

burner is that a pilot light is maintained without a blast and with the same fuel used out the ,pilot light.

with the burner. This pilot furnishes'suflicient heat to maintain a constant vaporization of the fuel and to keep the bowl l fairly hot, so that when the oil is again -turnedon full it will readily ignit. The pipe y3l and a portion of section 3l are kept full of oil so that the full flow of tablished andthere is no danger of` blowing With applicants structure anoil of quite low specific' gravity and high flash point can be used and no trouble with the same igniting is experienced when the full supply of oil and. the blast are turned on.

Another important feature isthe ringlike cap 5 which is made separate and placed on the upper edge of the lire pot where it willbe subject to the most intense heat. Being separately constructed, it-will be free to expand and contract to a greater extent thanthe main portion of the lirf pot and the pot will therefore not be as liable to crack or become warped as' it would if the por- -tions 4 and 5 were made integral. From the above description it is seen that applicants have provided a very simple and efficient oil burner. The same is very simple and simply arranged and made, in the most part, of standard fittings.- v'lhe burner with the thermostat is entirely automatic in operation and when once installed, requires practically no attention for maintenance. rlhe device has been amply7 demonstrated in actual practice and found to, be very successful and efficient and the same is being commercially produced.

It will, of course, be understood, that various changes maybe made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts without departing from the scope of applicants invention which, generally statoed, vconsists in a device such as shown and described and defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. An oil burner comprising a burner bowl, a conduit communicating therewith, a feed pipe extending longitudinallyof said conduit to a point closely adjacent said bowl, then extending transversely of'said conduit, then longitudinally of said conduit away from said bowl and then. being reversely bent to project toward said bowl and provided with a small discharge orifice alined with and directed toward said transversely extendingportion, said pipe forming `b oth a fuel supply and a pilot burner.

2. The structure set forth in 'claim 1, a blast means connected to said conduit, an oil supply means connected to said feed pipe, a motor for-said blast device, a switch for l starting and stopping said motor, a valve oil is quickly .re-esber being beveled to,

controlling said feed pipe, and a control device connected to said valve and said switch.

3. An oil burner having a fire pot constructed as al bowl having a-curved bottom portion and a cylindrical portion extending above said' bottom portion, a" blast ,pipe through `which air and llame are projected communicating with the side ofsa-id bowl abovesaid bottom portion, the inner edge of said cylindrical portion being beveled outwardly at its top anda cylindrical member having a tapered cylindrical passage therethrough of substantially the same diameter at its bottom as the opening through said bowl and lhaving heightl substantially equal to the diameter of the opening at its l ltop, said cylindrical member having its bottom exterior tapered downwardly and constructed and arranged to set down a short distance into the beveled top of said bowl, said cylindrical member being adapted to be tilted to direct the flame coming from said bowl laterally.

4:. An oil burner comprising a tube having'an upwardly bent portion and an oppositely and reverrely bent portion provided with a small discharge aperture directed toward said upwardly bent portion, means for passing a full supply of oil through said tube to produce a full Haine 'and' for passing a small quantity of oil therethrough to maintain a pilot flame, a conduit surrounding said tube and a bowl into which said tube and conduit' are directed, and means for discharging a blast through said conduit when said full supply of oil is passed through said tube and for discontinuing said blast when saidl small passed through said tube to form a pilot light.

5. An oilburner having a fire pot con'- structed as a bowl .having a curved bottom portion and-a substantially cylindrical por-g tion extending above said bottom portion, a blast pipe through which air and flame are projected, communicating with the side of said bowl above said bottom portion, the

quantity of oil is inner edge of said cylindricall portion being outwardly at its top and a cylindrical member having a tapered' cylindrical passage therethrough of substantially ythe same diameter at its bottom as the adjoining inside of the bowl, the outer edge of the downwardly extending portion of the memfit the beveled inner upper edge of said bowl, the upper side of said member being disposed an appreciable distance above the upper edge of the bowl whereby the tilting of said member on the bowl will be permitted, to thereby direct the flame coming from the bowl in one direction or the other as 'said member is tilted.

6. An oil burner having a fire pot constructed as a bowl having a curved bottom exterior, in combination with a plate havlegs adapted to stand on a suitable foundation-and to hold the plate at a distance above the foundation, and also having a plurality of upwardly extendin arms adapted to contact with the curved ottom,.'exterior of the bowl, andto thereby support it in a position above the late, said legs and arms being constructed) integrally with the plate; whereby fa free circulation of air may be permitted lall 'around the plate, which will tend-to secure a uniform temperature of all its parts and thus prevent breakage by an unequal expansion and `contraction of the parts. Y

7 An oil burner having in combination, a fire pot constructed as a' bowl having a curved bottom portion and a cylindrical portion extending above said bottom por-l tion, a 'bla-st pipe through which air and flame are projected communicating with the.

side ofsaid bowl above said bottom portion whereby7 there is a recess in said bowl below the end of said pipe, a drain means orlexcess accumulationof oil extending through the bottom of said pipe and spaced from said bowl whereby any sediment and fortion,

eign matter will collect in said recess and clean oil only will run out of said pipe and drain means. 4

8. An oil burner having in combination, a fire pot provided withA a laterally project ed tubularconnecting portion, a horizontally disposed blast conduit having its inner end inserted in said tubular connecting pora fan member having a discharge spout set a distance from the outer end of the conduit and in .line therewith, a split sleeve havingits end adapted to fit over said spoutl and over the adjacent end of the con uit, and to be detachablyconnected thereto, and an oil supply pipe extended into the central part of the sleeve between the spout and conduit and into the conduit 'to a point Ynear the .tire pot to promote combustion of the oil` whereby when the fanmember is re- A moved from the adjacent end of the sleeve,

the oil supply pipe and the sleeve may be removed `from the conduit as a unit.

In testimony whereof We afix our signa-- tures.

FRANK J. EVANS. HERMAN C. HANSEN.

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