US1623758A - Hair-curling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

P. SANTURELLO HAIR CURLING APPARATUS April 5, 1927. 1,623,758

Filed May 7. 1926 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Pefer janfurafla INVENTOR;

A TTORNEY 1,623,758 Ap 5, 1927' P. SANTURELLO HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed May '7; 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W, 27 30 L Z (ml! Pefer 5a/7/urz//0 V'INVENYTOR.

1 April 7 P. SANTURELLQ HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed May '7, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY 0 M w f M 5 f m P I Patented Apr. 5 1927.

PETER SANTURELLO, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

HAIR-CURLING APPARATUS.

1 Application filed May '2, 1926. Serial No. 107,489.

My invention relates broadly to a hair curling apparatus and has to do particularly withjtheprovision of a device for winding hair upon a mandrel'and for simultaneously.

5 covering such hair with a tape.

In the past, in the permanent waving of hair, it has been the practice to secure-a:

mandrel to a lock or bunch of hair'a djacent the scalpiby means ofa piece -;of string or the like and to then 'wind or .coil the hair I by hand about the mandrel and secure the remote ends thereof to the mandrel by a second piece of string. The hair so wound about the ,niandrel was then coveredby a spirally wrapped tape and then subjected to heat. This process is not only laborious, colnp'icated and slow but it involves the use of various-tools for .tensioning the hair upon the mandrel, which is usuallypro- 0 vided with a ratchet mechanism for securing the hair in taut position. Also the winding of the-hair and tape requires considerable skill on the part of. the-operator and uniform and satisfactory results are not always 3 obtained.

- invention. provides, among other things, mechanism for securing a mandrel to the hair without the use of' strings, et cetera; mechanical means for winding .or

) coi'ing the hair upon the mandrel and for simultaneously covering such hair with a spirally woundtape; and means for stretchin. and overlapping the successive spirals of hair and .tape toobtain tightly and uniformly wound curls of hair. f

The principal object of my'inventionjis the provision of means whereby the curling and tape wrapping operations may be rap idly accomplished without damaging the hair or requiring the services of a skilled operator.

' Another object of my invention is the provision of a positive, effective and easily manipulated gripping and locking device for attaching the mandrel to a lock of hair adjacent the scalp.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a device for mechanically winding hair about a mandrel in a manner which ensures overlapping of the successive spirals and produces deep uniform, and equally tensioned curls.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of mechanism for'wra ping a tape around the hair upon the man el and -for performing this tape winding operation simultaneously with the hair winding oper- I atlon.

Another 'object of my invention is the provision 'of means for securing the wound ha rJ-and tape upon the mandrel during the subsequent. dampening and heating operation.

Still another object of my invention is the provision of means for securing the mandrel and heating apparatus together during the steaming of the hair.

Other important features of my inven tion will appear as the description progresses and will be more particularly defined in the appended claims. v The various objects of my invention may be obtained bvlthe embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein similar reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the several figures and wherein-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a curling mandrel showing my improved hair grip- ,ping and locking device attached thereto;

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the hair gripping and locking device shown in Figure 1;

" Figure 3 is a perspective view of the mandrel and gripping device shown in Figure 1 with parts disassembled and showing the manner of securing the different parts in operative relation, and the spirally recessed plates which co-act to attach'the mans drelf to a lock of hair;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the device employed for winding the hair and tape around the mandrel;

Figure 5 is a perspective view similar-to Figure 4 but showing the opposite s1de of the winder and particularly the slot through which the tape enters Figure 6 is a perspective view of the tape containing shell and parts for attaching it to the winder; I p p Figure 7 is a perspective view of the winder and'tape container in assembled relation;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of one form of spring clip for securing the mandrel within the heating apparatus;

Figure 9 is3aperspective view showing the mandrel, hair winder and tape container" in assembled relation and a lock of hair secured in the gripping head preparatory to the hair and tape winding operation;

' Figure 10 is a perspective view similar w ardly depending flange 6 carrying astop" to Figure 9 showing the hair partially wo'und upon the mandrel and the tape covering the wound hair;

Figure 11 is a side elevational view showing the hair and tape winding operations completed, the tape container having been removed from the winder and the mandrel secured within the heating apparatus;

Figure 12 is a perspective view showing a modified winder;

Figure 13 is a perspective view showingthe same winder as is shown in Figure 12 but with parts in dotted lines to show the interior thereof;

Figure 14 is a side elevational view show-* ing in particular an adapter whereby my novel mandrel and winder may be fitted to heaters of difi'er'ent sizes and designs;

Figure 15 is a side elevational view, partly broken away to show the interior of the adapter shown in Figure 14 and the spring clip for holding the mandrel in assembled relation therewith;

Figure 16 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 1616 of Figure 15;

Figure 17 is a transverse sectional view a lockof hair in close proximity to the scalp.

This gripping device comprises the superimposed plates 2 and 3 which are preferably co-axially mounted and formed with the opposed spiral recesses or slots 4 and 5 for a purpose which will hereafter appear. The lower plate 2 may be formed with a down- 7, a centrally disposed externally threaded pro ect1on'8, adapted to interfit with the internally threaded end 9 of the mandrel 1, and an oppositely extending internallythreaded post 10 forming a bearing portion for the upper plate 3. .The upper plate 3 may be formed'with a flange 11 which encloses part of the flange 6 of the plate 2 whenthe two plates are superimposed, and, may also-be provided with lugs 12 and 13 which abut the stop 7 formed on the flange 6 of the plate 2 when the upper plate is revolved or oscillated about the post 10.

, The two plates 2 and 3 may be secured incontacting relation by meansof a screw 14 'WllHll engages a threadedsocket in the post 10.. The head of screw 14 is preferably have been revolved'pr oscillated.

countersunk or positioned in the cup 15 formed on plate 3 and a resilient washer or spring 16 may be interposed between the cup-15 and the head of screw 14 for increasing the friction between plates 2 and 3. With the construction justdescribed, the plates 2 and 3 are revoluble or 'oscillatable main in any relative position to which they hen in the position shown in Figures 1- and 2 a lock of hair may be inserted in opening 17 and either plate revolved relatively to the other by turning plate 3 by means of prm jection 18 or by turning mandrel 1 to which the plate 2 is secured. The plates 2 and 3 are arranged in overlapping relation and the screw 14: countersunk or encased by cup 15 to prevent the hair from becoming entangled or fast in the device when in use.

In the use of the grippingdevice just described, when a lock of hair on the scalp has been segregated and positioned in the vopening 17, one of the plates 2 or 3 is revolved or turned with relation to the other and tlie spiral slots 4 and 5 progressively eclipse-the opening 17 until'the mandrel is tightly, secured to the hair, as shown in Figure 9. The friction between plates 2 and 3 will be sufi icient to prevent loosening of the plates or disengagement of the hair during succeeding operations. The opening 17 first completely encloses the hair and then becomes progressively smaller as the plates 2 and 3 are revolved, and my invention thus provides means for accommodating different sized locks or bunches of hair.

The winding device for wrapping or coiling the'hair around the mandrel 1 comprises a hook-like outwardly extending finger 19, a relatively narrow helical slot 20 which communicates with a comparatively larger opening 21 and an internallyenlarged cup portion 22 which is formed in continuation of the main body portion 23. "The centrally bored main body portion 23' of 'thewinder may be provided with thevoppositely disposed ribs 24 and 25 and a projection 26 for a purpose to be hereafter explained. The main body portion 23 is also preferably with reference to each other and they reformed withtlie externally threaded spring "segments '27 that are separated by slots 28 and carry a knurled nut 29 which is adapted to .constrict the opening 30.when screwed onto the slightlytaper'ing segments 27 and so hold the winder in any desired position upon the mandrel. The enlarged cup portion 22 is designed-to contain the lock or bunch of hair 31 (Figure 10) which is car-' ried thereinto by the finger 19 and helical slot 20, and thelip 32 functions to smooth and stretch the hair as it is being wound.-

The helical slot 20 and opening 31 are preferably proportioned to carry the hair into the cup port1on 22, stretch it and overlap the successive spirals to form uniform,

deep and properly tensioned curls or coils upon the mandrel.

One of the principal objects of my -invention is the provision of means for simultaneously' wrapping the hair being wound upon the mandrel with a tape. Therefore, I have provided a tape container which is adapted to be removably attached to the winder. This tape container asbest shown in Figure 6 comprises a shell 33 which is and 24 of the winder and the bracket slid onto the winder until stopped by the dent 40 abutting against themain body portion 23 of the winder. When in this position the bracket may be revolved slightly with reference to the winder, whereupon the notch 39 will engage with the projection-26 and Figures 'tioned, in the above so effectually prevent the bracket from moving lengthwise of the winder during subsequent operations' When properly posidescribed manner the slot 35 of the tape containing shell 33 will register with the tape slot 41 or the winder. ie tape employed is preferably of cloth thereof may he slipped onto the central spindle '34 of the tape container 33 and its free end projected through the slot 35. The free end of the roll of .tape 42 may. be tapered or cut away as clearly shown 'in 9 and 10. After the roll of tape has been positioned upon the spindle 34 and its free end threaded through slot 35, the bracket 36 maybe attached to the winder and the free end of the tape passed through slot 41. WVhen thus assembled and the winder slid onto the mandrel the device presents the appearance shownin Figure 9.-

In 'opera-t on, when the mandrel 1 has been secured to a previously segregated lock or bunch of hair adjagent the scalp by/revolw mg or oscillating either of theplates 2 or 3 as previouslydescribed, the winder is'slid into contact with the underside of platc'2 the hair engaged under finger 19 and the winder revolved whereupon the hair will be carried into the opening 21. Meanwhile the i end of the tape is held by the projecting end thereof until wound. shown in Figure 10 and by reference thereto, it Will-be seen that the edges of opening'21 and thelip 32 of the \vinder'earry'the hair 31 around the mandrel, and that the slot 41 the first few spirals have been The. winding *operation is best" hair is also stretched, smoothed and spread and the successive spirals overlapped by the turning of the winder. The spirals of hair and tape are also overlapped so that parts of the spirals of .hair are enclosed: between the successive layers of tape and parts are pressed directly between the mandrel and overlying tape. The winding operation is continued until about all of the hair and tape have been wound around the mandrel, whereupon the downward movement of the winder is preferably discontinued and the winder simply revolved until all of the ends of the individual hairs have disappeared intothe cup portion 22 and all of thetape has been unwound from the spindle 34 When this has occurred the winder may be a forced against the wound hair and tape to compact it lengthwise, the winder being preferably simultaneously revolved to give the hair and tape a final stretching, then the nut 29 may be tightened to secure the winder in -place upon the mandrel during succeeding operations. The appearance of the device during an intermediate stage of the hair and tape winding is illustrated in Figure 10. During the'winding operation, the clamps. 38 serve as a convenient grip for the fingers. After the hair and tape have been wound upon'the mandrel the bracket 36 may be removed from the winder and when this'has been done the device appears as illustrated in Figure 11. It will be understood that the ends of the hairand tape are securely held within the cup portion 22 of the winder and thereby prevented from loosening or unwinding during subsequent operations.

Vhen the hair has been wound on the mandrel as above'described, it is ready for the heating or steaming operation. The roll of tape 42 may.- be dampened with the hair has been completed the exact time of, damp enmg somewhat upon tlie-'-pi'efei"eiice of the user, For the purpose ofapplying heat to the hair and tape any desired type of heater may be employed and I have diagraminati cally shownan electric heater in Figure 11 which comprises a tube 5-) and a resistance element container 51. The mandrel may be positioned in this heater as-shown in Figure 11 and secured therein by means of the spring. clamps 52 and 53 which engage with the groove 54'around the end of the mandrel. These. spring clamps are secured to a plate 55 and are provided with portions 56 which engage with the walls of the tubel50. Thus the mandrel is securely but removably'held within the heater and the plate 55 together ing.

of sufficient length to fit most any heater with the plate 2 of the gripping liead forms a seal to prevent escape of steam during the heating. The spring clamps may be easily adjusted longitudinally of the tube 50.,to

are all in opposition so that revolving or manipulating one part will not loosen or disengage other parts which have been previously secured together.

In Figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 is illustrated a novel arrangement whereby my mandrel may be adapted for use in heating elements of different sizes and designs. There'are on the market a great many different sized heaters for steaming the hair wound upon a mandrel, and these heaters have central openings of differentsizes and are of widely varying length. Therefore, I have provided an adapter comprising a tube having a flared end 81 and its other end fitted with a removable cap 82. Slidably mounted on the tube 80 is a collar 83 having a tapered portion 84 and provided with a set screw 85 whereby the said collar may be secured'in any desired position upon the tube 80. .Thetube 80 may be inserted through the central open-. mg 87 of the particular heater 86, the collar 83 and cap 82 being removed at this time and then the collar 83 slid onto the tube and secured in place by the set screw 85. The cap82 together with the. depending flange of the lower plate of the hair gripping device will prevent escape of steam during the heat- It will/be noted that the tube 80 is and that the flared end 81 together with thetapered portion 84 of the collar 83 adapt "the tube to heaters having different sized central openings.

\Vithin the tube 80 I have provided a "spring clip 90 having resilient tongues 91- and 92 which, are provided with corners 93 intended togengage the'inner wall of'thetube 80 m such a manner'as to prevent sliding of the clip 90 as" the end groove 5& of the mandrel is inserted between the , resilient tongues 91 and 92. This spring .clip forms.

a convenient means of removably securing the mandrel Within theheating apparatus and together witlithe tube 80, which is preferably formed from a metal having a high thermal conductivity, provided means for lt-will be noted that the entire appaadapting my mandrel and winding apparatus to the different types and sizes of heaters.

- In Figure 18, I show a temperature indicating device which may be employed in association with the adapter tube 80 or in directv association with any other type of heater. In the heating or steaming of hair wound upon a mandrel it is the practice to expose the hair for a certain definite time to the action of the heat, and this practice is objectionable because variations in the strength of'the current passing through the resistance element and variations in other factors cause the hair to be heated either too much or'too little during the time the hair remains within the heater. Accordingly I haveprovided a temperature indicating device which may be removably positioned within an opening 101 of a cap 102 designed to engage with the end of adapter tube 80 or with the end'of the particular heater with which it is employed. This temperature indicator may comprise a thermometer 103 suitably graduated as at 104 and having its bulb portion 105 which is preferably encased by a metal sheath 106 positioned within a relatively large chamber 107 formed in the cap 102. In using this device the operator may know the exact temperature to which the hair is being subjected and so either prolong or shorten the ordinary heating time as found necessary to obtain the best results. Another way of using this device is to ignore the usual time period and 100 simply heat the hair until the thermometer indicates a certain predetermined temperature.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that I have provided a device which may be employed for curling hair in a minimum time and in a uniform and systematica manner. My invention also, properl tensions the hair, avoids the use of strings and the like and performs simultaneously'the two ordinarily separate operations of hair: winding and taping. It will furthermore be apparent that my novel adapter makes possible the use of my mandrel and r winder with heaters of difierent'sizes and designs and that the temperature indicating device makes possible a very accurate. control of the heat towhich the hair'is subjected.

I claim is: a 1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a mandreh; a winder and a tape container removably' secured to'said Having thus described my invention, what 120.

lock of hair around said mandrel and simultaneously covering the hair so curled with a tape.

4. A device of the class described, comprising in combination, a mandrel, rotatable means for wrapping hair around said mandrel and means for covering the hair so Wrapped, around said mandrel with a tape.

5. A device ofthe class described, comprising a winder and a tape container attached to said winder. I

6. A device of the class'described, comprising a mandrel, a winder adapted to wrap hair around said mandrel, a tape, and a slot ormed in said winder for wrapping said tape around said mandrel.

7. A device of the class described, comprising a mandrel. hair winding means revolubly and slidably mounted upon said mandrel and tachedto said winder, said tape container embodying means for supporting a roll of tape.

8. A device of the class described, comprising a mandre, a slotted hair winder revolubly and slidably mounted upon said mandrel and means attached to said winder .and adapted to support a roll of tape in proximity to the slot in said winder.

9. A halr winder for wrapping a lock of hair around a mandrel embodying means for covering the hair so wrapped with a tape.

sleeve embodying 10. In combination, a mandrel, a revoluble Winder for wrapping hair around said mandrel and means for wrapp ng a tape around said hair.

tion having slotted segments, said segments having frictionalcontac't with the mandrel and permitting said tudinally of said mandrel.

12. In hair curling apparatus, a mandrel, a winding device comprising 9. reduce end portion a tape container removably atdevice to slide longi a cylindrical having slotted segments, said segments havingfrictional contact with the mandrel and permitting said device-to slide lon itudinally of said mandrel, and means acapted to engage said segments to lock said device upon said mandrel.

13. In hair curling apparatus, a mandrel, and a winding device comprising a cylindrical sleeve embodying anenlarged cup portion having a finger and a helical slot and a reduced end portion comprising slotted segments, said "segments having frictional contact with the mandrel and permitting said device to slide longitudinally of said mandrel.

14. In hair curling apparatus, a tube adapted to contain a mandrel having a slidable movable means mounted thereon for positioning and securing the said tube within the central openings of heaters of various SIZES.

15. In hair curling apparatus, a tube adapted to contain a mandrel having a slidably movable means disposed about the circumference thereof for positioning and securing the said tube within the central openings of heaters of various sizes.

16. In hair curling apparatus, a heater having a central opening, a tube, a mandrel mounted within said tube, and a sl-idably movable means disposed" about the circumference of said tube for positioning and secur ng said tube within the central opening of said heater.

17. In hair curling apparatus, a heater having a central opening, a tube, a mandrel v mounted Within said tube, and a slidably movable means disposed about the circumference of said tube for positioning and securing said tube within the central openlng of said heater, said tube containing a resilient clip for rigidly holding said mandrel. In testimony whereof I hereby afiix my signature.

PETER SANTURELLO.

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