US1620071A

US1620071A - Gas burner

Info

Publication number: US1620071A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1927-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 1944-03-08

Description

March 8,1927

C. C. CHAPPELLE As BURNER I Filed May 31, 1924 M4 @W lVE TOR AITQRNEY Mnzwmh .V w v March 8, 1927. 1,620,071

C. C. CHAPPELLE GAS BURNER Filed May 51, 1924 2 SheetsfSheefl: 2

ATroRNY zelf.:

very efficient7 extremely sturdy in construction, and simple inV arrangement, so that it requires no regulation in setting and isecononiicalin manufact-ure. g

From the foregoing, it )vill appear that the principal object ot the presentA invention is to provide a gas burner having a substantially cylindrical body portion carrying properly proportioned gas conduits and a protected screen ot relatively large area.

. Another object ofthe present invention is a burner ot vthe character speciiied in which a substantially cylindrical screen is cai'riedin the mixing chamber and is held in place by a detachable burner head Which facilitates the removal of the screen `for replacement or cleaning. Y

A still further object ot' the present invention is a Aburner comprising a substantially cylindrical burner head having arcuateports therein? with a large cylindrical expansion chainber'beneath the headi to supply an even ti'oiv ot burning mixture through the ports. il curther andfveiy important ol'ijectfoil the present invention is' ay gas burner in which the inlet area tor primary air, the waist of the Venturi tube and 'the outlet ports are so proportioned that the pressure of the jet ot gas automatically produces a correct mixture oi such velocityr as to producea Bunsen flame Without danger of backfire to the saiety screen. Y f Y @ther and further objects ofthe present inventionvvill in part be obvious and Will in part be pointed out hereinafter inthe speciiication 4following by'reiference to vthe accompanying drawings throughout which like parts are indicated by like characters.

lt is realized that the present invention may be embodied in constructionsother than those herein specifically disclosed,` therefore the disclosure herewith is to be considered as illustrative and not "in the lin'iiting sense- Figure l is av sectional elevation of a burner emboi'lying a'pi'eterred form of the present invention 1 Y A Figure 2 is a detailedV view ot' a portion ci the internal constructionsiot the burner illustrated in Figure l; I i

Figure 3 illiisti'atesthe cylindrical screen adapted to be held in position between the burner head and the mixer tube illustrated Vin Figure f2;

Figure il 'is' a Vplan vieu' of thefbiiriier head; y y Figure 5 isa alan vieu1 of the bottom Vend 1b Y Y ot tue burner; Y n Figure G illustrates a Viluiality oit burner LD L.

` tubeson a burner ring beneath water coils;

and a 1 n Figure 7 is` adiagramina'tic view Villustrating the form of the mixer tube.- a' f pReferring now more' especially to the drawings and particularly to Figure l7, Whic'liris adiagraminatic viev'v otlthe'linner Walls ol the mixer tube. This mixer tube is laid outon definite curves and inl` deiiiiite proportions which produce a construction that utili'zes'the energy of the incoming gas jet to draw in primary air in the correct proportionto the volume ot gas :tor any given pressure and to produce a velocity Which carries the mixed gas and air through the burner ata sufficiently high rate oi speed to prevent bach fire. The construction and proportion oi' the mixer tubefas illustrated in Figure 7, is suoli that the throat of the tube may be considered as a base upon Which calculations arev computed. The essential Vfeature oi the mixer tube requiring` definite proportions anu dimensions are they curves of ingress to the throat vand theo-ur es orf egress from the throat.` I yhavefound that it the diameter ot'the throat ot the'Veiituri miner tube be unity, then the radius of curve ot ingress should be substantially six units, and the radius oi the curve ot' egress should be substantially eighteen units "furthermore, that the area ct the throat should be substantially forty-tivo one-hiindredths ci the Voutlet port area. The -flame checlv screen between the mixer tubeand the parts should have sutlicieut opening area so as to 'freely pass the burning mixture Without causing back pressure. VIt is also important that the oriiice throughwhich the ygas issues should be properly spaced from the throat ot the venturi. I have found that the orifice should be spaced substantially three'aiid one-fourth units trom the throat of the burner;- and Vthat the orifice and the'throat rbe located on the same axis.

ln Figure 7, 'the diameter of the throat A may be regarded as unity; then the radius ot the curve Jfrom A to B is substantially six units, and theradius of the curve from A to C is substantially eighteen units. "While the curves A--B and B-C'might be eX- tended beyond the limits shown iii/'Figure 7, it lis convenient to provide the length ot each curved portion ri-B and -C as substantially two andY one-half units.V As a matterrot choice, the curve A-B joins a reverse curve B-D of substantially two units vradius and this curve blends into a straight portion D-E |The distance from the gas orifice Fi to the throat A isl substantially three and one-tourth units. Actual prac-A tice has'demonstrated that a Venturi tube designed upon the lforegoing proportions 'produces a mixing tuberin which' eddycur- Arents are practically eliminated'and a proper and thorough mixture is automatically obtained over any range ot'gas pressure and quality encountered`- in coniinercial practice.

Referring novv to Figures l to 5 inclusive, thebody l oit the burner may comprise a ductile metal tube, for eXampleL copper, preferably 'seamless and capable 1of Withstaiiding slightincrease inl diameter. The

iic

assenti Venturi `tube .miner 2,V preferably' of cast Y iron, is pressed into this cylindrical' body scope-blunder suflicientpressureV to tightly force the Venturi tube member into the duc-s tile tube lfoiining the body so that the parts are securely held in place. The Venturi mixer tube member is forced sufficiently into the body tube to provide an overhang 6 at thebottoni of the body tube'so that any water of condensation striking the body and hanging 'on the bottoni wall lthereof, will not creep upwardly to come in contact with the cast iron inside the bodytiibe. This Venturi body tube has an inner wall constructed iii accordance Vwith the form disclosed and previously described in 'connection with Fig. 7. The lower end of thetube carries a cross bar 7 which is provided in l the cent-er with a circular portion 8 having an opening 9 that enactly fits a spud 10 on a gas ring 11 or the like; Adjacent the waist wall the Venturi tube member is provided with a circular shoulder 12 upon which a cylindrical flame check screen 14: is adapted to be carried. ridjace'nt the circular shelf is an aniu'ilar recess 15 from which an opens ing 16 leads to the interior of the venturi. This openingis provided as a precaution, against any condensation water which may under very exceptional circumstances get into the burner, and to permit the escape thereof out through the bottoni of the burner.Y Supporting arms 17 and 18 are integral with and extend upwardly from the end o'f the Venturi mixer tube, and are joined at the top with a cross bar .i9V which is provided `with a notch 2 0 through which an anchoibolt 21 is adapted to extend to reach ain anchor nut 22 hel'd in position be'- tween theupperend of the supporting arms. The construction just described comprises the Venturimixer tube and at the same time forms the lower wall of an expansion chainber 2d which extends both below and aboye the upper end of the Venturi tube and the outer walls of this chamber are formed by the walls of the tubular body 1. This i'nternalconstruction provides a( rigid burner body having a convenient anchor for the burner head 26. `This burner head preterably is cast of non-corrosive metal su'cli'as bronze or brass and is adapted -to be anchored in 'place on the upper end of the body by means of the anchor bolt 21, which extends through an opening in the top of the burner and connects with an anchor nut 22`conveniently held against turning bythe supporting' arms 17 and 18. The lburner heee is aise provided with an interna stoeider 27 fromv which `entends( ya downwardly and outwardlv tapered-wall 28 into which the upper end of the flame check screen 14 tightly fits so that this screen is securely locked in position between the burner head and the shoulder12 onthe Venturi tube without machining, special fitting or cement The burner head is provided with ade` pending continuous skirt 29 whichA setsY down into the upper end ofthe burner body and is spaced from the wall of the upper end of the burner body exactly the right distance-to provide arcuate outlet ports 33 treni which the combustible mixture issues'. YThe relatively lieavy metal in this skirt 297V prevents the flame from back-firing through the ports by absorbing heat from any flame tending` to move' back throughthe ports. The spacing which forms these ports is brought aboutby three spacing lugs 30 (two of which are illustrated in Fig; 2), which terminate in shoulders 31 that set upon the end of the burner tube when thev burner head anchored in position by the anchor bolt 21,

thereby providing a secure and rigid construction. The burner head is provided with an outwardly extending inclined surn face 32 in the torni of an inverted frustum of a cone which acts as av flame spreader to divert the flames outwardly and out of contact with the burner head so that secondary air may properly reach the burning gases,

and also preventing the burner head from chilling the iame and interfering with the combustion; Thehead is also provided with a cylindrical rim Stthat terminates with a slight overhang 35 of a larger diameter than `the diameter of the body tube so that if any condensation water strikes the outside ot'. the burner head1, it will fiow down the outside oi the body tube and not through theports. The top of the burner head preferably is formed of three downwardly inclined sui'- faces 36 which lead to spouts 37 which cut Y through the rim 34 and terminate in drip aprons 38 well outside ovt the burner 2. This top construction quickly drains away condensation water fallingl on the top of the burner'and carries this water compietely outside the burner body. The yaprons 38 prevent the water film 'troni workingv back onto the burner head and down through the ports into the burner body.

While the present burner is adapted for general utility purposes where a gas burner is 'usef'uh it is more especially constrijicted and designed for use in automatic water heaters and when so used, the burners are usi'ially arranged in clusters oiia b'uinei' ring or 'gas ring 11 and beneath water coils 39 'so velocity of the mixture. burner to be used Vin practice without the ifi i Vsafely` carried away. ,It-willfgalso Ybe Y so that the total area of the openings in the flame check screen available for mixed gas `and air. may be as large as thirteenv times the area of the Venturi throat of the burner. Furthermore, the position' of the expansion chamber surrounding the flame check screen is such lastofacilitate the uninterrupted flow of combustible mixture to the arcuate shaped ports without substantial reductionV in the IThis pei-mits, the

necessity of utilization of an air shutter to controlthe amount of primary air `admitted .because the velocities'obtainedby the design Vand construction of the Venturi tube arenot lost by bachA pressure above vthe tube when the velocity is once established. Furthermore, the Vdesign and construction of the burner is such that anefiicient burner may be made sufliciently short in length to set in 'the limited space provided in automatic water heater constructions.

v Having thus described ,my invention, what lljclaim is:

l. In ya gas burner, the combination-of a tubular body portion, a Venturi mixing tube extending part way into said body portion, a flame check screen having an unobstructed portion extending below the upper end of the mixing tube, an extension projecting upwardly from theV mixing' tube, and a burner` head removably anchored to said extension in position on the outlet end Vof saidbody portion and adapted ,to enclose the upper end of said llame check screen and'removably hold the same Vin position, said burner head being provided with an annular skirt extending intov said body portion and spaced apart therefrom to provide arcuate ports for the issuance of combustible V,mixture from said body portion.

Zin a gas burner, the 'combination of a tubular body portion, a Venturi mixer tube extending part way into said body portion, aflame check screen, a burner head anchored in position on the outlet end of said body portion and adapted to removably` anchor Vsaid flameV check screen in position, said burner head being provided with a-smfooth annular skirt extending into said body por- Y tion and spaced apart therefrom to provide arcuate ports for the issuance ofcombustible mixture from said body portion, and conical flaine spreader means onV said burner head and above said ports.

3, A gasburner-v comprising in combination ar'continuo-us `tubular body portion, a v

gas and air conduit ymember within said body portion' and beinggintegrally provided` with a partition wall adapted to divide said body portion into Aa supporting part and an .expansionv chamber, and a burner head removably anchored on theA end of said body portion, said burner head having a smooth annular skirt extending into and substantially parallel with the end walls of said body portion to provide accurate arcuate ports for Vthe combustible mixture.l

l. In a gas burner, the combination of a straight tubular body, a Venturi gas and air tube completely covered by the said tubular body and having a shoulder on the upper endV to` support aV screen, a burner head mounted on the upper end of said tubular body,'means to anchor said burner head in position, anda screen seated at its lower end 4upon said shoulder and removably inter# locked between said gas and .airftube and said burner head. l

y 5. In a gas burner, the combination of a Venturi mixer tube, the internal walls of which are curved throughout the length of the tube, a circular partition wall carried by said tube, a cylindrical walled expansion chamber surrounding the outlet end of said Venturitube and extending below the upper end thereof, a burner head anchored in position on the outlet end of said mixing chamber, and a llame check screen having side walls substantially. parallel to the body portion.

6. In a gas burner, the combination of a Venturi mixer tube, the internal walls of which are curved throughout the length of the tube, a circular partition wall carried by ,said tube, a cylindrical kwalled expansion chamber surrounding and extending below vthe outlet end of said Venturi tube, a burner head anchored in position on the outlet end of said mixing chamber, and avliame check screen held in position between the outlet ,end of said Venturi tube and saidburner head, t

7 As an article ofiinanufacture, a burner head for gas burners adapted for use with -water heaters and having a substantially kcylindrical rim, afplurality of inclined surfaces meeting at the center of said burner head, said surfaces.V continuing into spouts extending :through v said rim, and drip aprons at the end of said spouts and being adapted to .conduct condensation water from said,` head :without liability of said water flowing over under surfaces ofsaid head and into a burner body on which said head may Vbe mounted.

8. As van article of manufacture, ai burner head for gas burners adapted for `use' with water heaters Vand having a substantially `,cylindrical,-.riirnaninclined surface on the top oi" said burner head, said surface continuing into a spout extending through said rim, and a drip apron at the end of Said spout and being` adapted to conduct condensation Water from said head Without liabil it37 of said Water flowing over under surfaces of said head and into a burner body on which said head may be mounted, and an annular skirt depending from beneath said burner head.

9. As an article of manufacture, a burner head for gas burners adapted for use with Water heaters and having a substantially cylindrical rim, a plurality of inclined surfaces meeting at the center of said burner head, said surfaces continuing into spouts extending through said rim, and drip aprons at the end of said spouts and being adapted to conduct condensation Water from said head Without liability of said Water flow ing over under surfaces of said head and into a burner body on Which said head may -be mounted, an annular skirt depending from beneath said burner head, and llame spreader means above said annular skirt.

CHARLES C. CHAPPELLE.