US1579354A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

April 6 1926. 'Y R. GREAVES MAGNETIC sEPARAro-R 3. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March lpadv n April 6 1926.,

A R. GREAVES MAGNETIC SEPARATOB 'Filed March s, 1923 2 Sheets-snee*u 2 FIG.

VPatented Apr. 6, 1926.

iszaasa UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

ROBERT GREAVES, OF WALASEY, ENGLAND.

MAGNETIC sEPARATon.

Application -led March 3, 1923. `Ser1a1 No. 622,655.

To @ZZ whom it may concern: l

Be it known that I, ROBERT GnEAvEs, a

Vsubject of the King of Great Britain, and

resident vof lVallasey, Cheshire, England,

have invented certain new and useful Ini-v Yan electromagnet is arranged in the floor of a chute over which vmaterial passes, from which material particles of iron are'to be separated.

According to the process of the present invention, the material is caused to cascade over a series of magnets arranged in steppings, the trailing ends of the armature or pole shoe of the electro-magnets being inwardly bevelled or formed with upstanding shoulders so that particles of iron which would tend to be carried along these surfaces Vby the flowing stream of material, will on reaching the sharp trailing edges or shoulders of the pole shoes, be caught under or lin the angle behind said pole shoes and be brought directly'out ofthe flowing stream of material.

Several types of apparatus for carrying out the invention are illustrated diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. l is an elevation and Fig. 2 a

plan of a separator the magnetic pole slices having undercut -or bevelled shoulders. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevation of a modified form of connecting the series of pole slices together and Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevation showing a form of pole shoe with a right-angled shoulder instead Vof an undercut edge.

In a preferred form of construction, Figs. l and 2, a number of magnets l are arranged Yin sequence having their pole shoes 2, the

trailing edges 3 of which are bevelled at 4, arranged in sequence and on different levels one above the other so that as the material falls by gravity over the edges 3 of said pole shoes in sequence, the particles of metal passing over the trailing edges will be drawn under the bevelled edges 4, and this eEect will be increased by the magnetic attraction of the next pole shoe in sequence.

The pole shoes may be spaced apartfrom one another by means of non-magnetic pieces. In the arrangement shown inffFigs. l and `2 the pole shoes forming One .Si'lface are spaced'apart by brass or gun metal channel pieces 5 through which are passed pins 6 having tapered ends which enter corresponding holes in the edges of the pole shoes. rIhe pole shoes on one level are connected to those on a lower level by non-magnetic brass or gun metal angle pieces 7, and the magnetic cores l are secured to the pole shoes 2 and to a common bridge bark 8 by screws 9or otherwise. The coils are mounted round the magnetic cores l and are' energized in lany suitable manner.

In the alternative construction shown in Fig. 3 the pole shoes are merely connected together by flat piecesv 5a of some non-inagnetic material, the arrangement being otherwise similar to'that shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 4- instead of the shoulders 4.-" being undercut they are formed square with the top surface of the pole shoes 2.

Vith such arrangements, the coils 10, being energized, the lines of force from the pole shoes pass from a higher to a lower level across the undercut edge a of the shoulder et developing a strong magnetic field throughout the full width of the chute round the angular cavity a. Consequently, as the flowing stream of material cascades over the pole shoes from a higher to a lower level any particles of iron which would otherwise tend to be carried along are drawn into the angular spaces a out of the path of the stream of material and are maintained there. In order to remove these separated particles of iron, the current is switched olf the electro-inagnet coils cle-energizing the magnets and permitting the particles of iron to be readily removed.

The action of such an apparatus is very effective in separating particles of iron by reason of the fact that as the lines of force radiate from one shoe at a higher level to another at a. lower level and in the same direction as that in which the material is falling over the higher shoe, the'particles are under magnetic action for a comparatively long period while passing the cavities a and are, therefore, more likely to be trapped therein.

It will be understood that any known means may be used for making the material traverse the apparatus, such as inclining the apparatus, such as shaking means, or shaking means coupled with a suitable inclination of the apparatus, l

I claim:

l. A magnetic separator' tor the extraetion of particles ot' iron or steel Vtroni flowing loose material` comprising a series ot mag:- nets arranged one behind the other in stepped 'formation downward trom the 'feeding-in end to the discharge end tor the material said stepped toi-mation providing pockets for the collection and retention ot the magnetic particles7 at the bottoms ot which pockets the npper ends ot' the pole pieces are located.

Q. A magnetic separator for the extraetion of particles ot iion or steel from flowing` loose material con'iprisingv a series of magnets arranged one behind the other in stepped formation downward from the feeding-in end to the discharge end tor the material. said stepped formation providing pockets for the collection and retention ot the magnetic particles, at the bottoms ot which pockets the upper ends of the pole pieces are located, said pole pieces having their tail ends undercut and Vloi-minr the end walls ot the pockets.

3. AJ map'neiic separator vtor extracting particles ot iron or steel trom loose material, comprising;l magnets.y arranged in series one behind the other. each successive magnet having' its upper pole piece in a lower lint parallel plane relative'to the pole piece ot the preceding magnet to provide a pocket formation steppingdownward vfrom the Feeding end to the discharge end ot the series, over which series the loose material is passed for the extraction ot the iron or steel particles into the pockets` at the hot toms of which pockets the upper ends ot the pole pieces ai'e located.

ln testimon)v whereof I allix in v signatnre.

ROBERT GlllitVlS.

Images