US1566384A - Manufacture of artificial silk and the like from cellulose derivatives - Google Patents
Manufacture of artificial silk and the like from cellulose derivatives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1566384A US1566384A US542752A US54275222A US1566384A US 1566384 A US1566384 A US 1566384A US 542752 A US542752 A US 542752A US 54275222 A US54275222 A US 54275222A US 1566384 A US1566384 A US 1566384A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filaments
- manufacture
- cellulose derivatives
- solvents
- artificial silk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title description 7
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000578 dry spinning Methods 0.000 description 8
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Natural products CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SHQSVMDWKBRBGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutanone Chemical compound O=C1CCC1 SHQSVMDWKBRBGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940079938 nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101100127891 Caenorhabditis elegans let-4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 b. p. about 137 0. Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
- D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
- D01F2/30—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate by the dry spinning process
Definitions
- This invention concerns in particular the manufacture of artificial silk or the like from solutions-of cellulose acetate, but it may also be applied for the manufacture of artificial filaments and threads from solutions of nitro-cellulose or other cellulose esters, ethers or other derivatives.
- the invention relates to what is knownas the dry spinning method, that is to say to processes wherein solutions of cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose or other cellulose derivatives in solvents thereof are forced through the fine orifices of jets or spinnerets into the atmosphere to form filaments by evaporation of the solvent or medium, the filaments or threads of associated filaments being wound up on bobbins, banking-devices or otherwise. Insuch processes the filaments or threads are sometimes subjected to traction in their travel, for the purpose of draw ing them out to greater fineness. I
- the filaments are spun from solutions in solvents of relatively high volatility, such for example as solutions in acetone, methyl acetate and the like.
- the cellulose acetate-or other cellulose derivative will be above that of the acetone A- EN" 31 F CE-' or other volatile solvent or liquid used therein and preferably between about 100 C. and about 150-170 C. Solvents of still higher boiling points mightbe employed in some cases, but usually this is notadvantageous, as they would cause the solidification of the filaments to take too long unless relatively high evaporation temperatures were maintained.
- acetone-alcohol acetyl carbinol
- acetylacetone b. p. about 137 0.
- cyclopentanone b. p., about 130 C.
- the higher boiling solvents or solidification retarders used for the invention will be employed together with-one or more volatile solvents, such for example as acetone or methyl acetate, and in suitable proportion relatively thereto for the purpose-in view.
- volatile solvents such for example as acetone or methyl acetate
- organic diluents of lower boiling points than the solidfication retarding solvents may be employed instead of or together with the volatile solvent or solvents.
- spinning solutions of cellulose acetate for the purposes of the invention may consist of about parts by weight of cellulose acetate, 400- parts by weight off a volatile solvent for instance acetone, and 25 to. 50
- a solution for dry spinning artificial threads and filaments comprising a cellu-.
- losic derivative a volatile solvent and cyclobutanone.
- a solution for dry spinning artificial threads and filaments comprising cellulose acetate, a volatile solvent and cyclobutanone.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 22, 1925.,
N T D. STATES.
mnnurncrunn or lin'rrrrcrar. SILK AND rnnmxn rnou cnmioiiosn nniaivnrlvns.
1T0 Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, HENRY DREYFUS, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, of London, England, have invented, certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to the Manufacture of Artificial Silk and the like from Cellulose Derivatives, of which the following is a specification.
This invention concerns in particular the manufacture of artificial silk or the like from solutions-of cellulose acetate, but it may also be applied for the manufacture of artificial filaments and threads from solutions of nitro-cellulose or other cellulose esters, ethers or other derivatives.
The invention relates to what is knownas the dry spinning method, that is to say to processes wherein solutions of cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose or other cellulose derivatives in solvents thereof are forced through the fine orifices of jets or spinnerets into the atmosphere to form filaments by evaporation of the solvent or medium, the filaments or threads of associated filaments being wound up on bobbins, banking-devices or otherwise. Insuch processes the filaments or threads are sometimes subjected to traction in their travel, for the purpose of draw ing them out to greater fineness. I
According to the dry spinning method as hitherto proposed the filaments are spun from solutions in solvents of relatively high volatility, such for example as solutions in acetone, methyl acetate and the like.
In spinning with such solutions, the extent to which the solidifying filaments can be drawn out for the production of filaments or threads of low deni r is limited, owing to the rapidity with wh1ch the filaments issuing from the jets or spinnerets solidify in the heated atmosphere usually employed, low temperatures involving on the other hand too prolonged setting of the filaments for I of higher boiling points, it is possible ,to derivatives the employment of s convenient manufacture in ractice.
I have now found that by incorporating in the spinning solutions a solvent or solvents vents such as referred to, other than tetrachlorethane or such like toxic chlorinederivatives'.
The boiling points of the said solvents of ENGLAND.
l p Application filcd March 10, 1922. Serial Ro- 542,752.
the cellulose acetate-or other cellulose derivative will be above that of the acetone A- EN" 31 F CE-' or other volatile solvent or liquid used therein and preferably between about 100 C. and about 150-170 C. Solvents of still higher boiling points mightbe employed in some cases, but usually this is notadvantageous, as they would cause the solidification of the filaments to take too long unless relatively high evaporation temperatures were maintained.
Some suitable higher boiling solvents for the purpose of the invention, more particularly in its application with cellulose acetate, are for example acetone-alcohol (acetyl carbinol) b. p. about 147 C., acetylacetone, b. p. about 137 0., cyclopentanone, b. p., about 130 C., diacetone-alcohol b; ,p. about 163165 'C. andcyclobutanone b'. p. 99 C.
The higher boiling solvents or solidification retarders used for the invention will be employed together with-one or more volatile solvents, such for example as acetone or methyl acetate, and in suitable proportion relatively thereto for the purpose-in view. Or organic diluents of lower boiling points than the solidfication retarding solvents may be employed instead of or together with the volatile solvent or solvents.
As-an example, spinning solutions of cellulose acetate for the purposes of the invention may consist of about parts by weight of cellulose acetate, 400- parts by weight off a volatile solvent for instance acetone, and 25 to. 50
higher boiling solvent, r example acetonealcohol, acetyl acetone,'or diacetone-alcohoL' It is to be understood, however, that the constituents and proportions may vary considerably according to circumstances or conditions without departing from the inven tion.
What I claim and desire to secure by Let- 4 I 100 of artificial threadsfication of the filaments is regulated ,andthe spinning of fine deniers facilitated.
2. In the .dry spinning of artificial threads and filaments, the employment of a cellulose fparts by weight of acetate solution comprising a volatile solvent and a liquid of higher boiling point, said liquid of higher boiling point being a solvent of the cellulose acetate and not being a, toxic chlorine derivative, whereby the solidification of the filaments is regulated and the spinning of fine dcniers facilitated.
3. A solution for dry spinning artificial threads and filaments, comprising a cellu-.
losic derivative, a volatile solvent and cyclobutanone.
4. A solution for dry spinning artificial threads and filaments, comprising cellulose acetate, a volatile solvent and cyclobutanone.
5. In the manufacture of artificial threads and filaments, dry spinning a solution of cellulose acetate containing a volatile solvent and a solvent of higher boiling point capable ofretarding solidification of the filaments and not being a toxic chlorine derivativel 6. In the manufacture of artificial threads and filaments, dry spinning a solution-of cellulose acetate containing a volatile solvent and a solvent of higher boiling point lying between about 99 and 170 0., not being a toxic chlorine derivative.
7. In the manufacture of artificial threads vments, and drawing out the filaments during the dry spinning.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.
HENRY DREYFUS.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US542752A US1566384A (en) | 1922-03-10 | 1922-03-10 | Manufacture of artificial silk and the like from cellulose derivatives |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US542752A US1566384A (en) | 1922-03-10 | 1922-03-10 | Manufacture of artificial silk and the like from cellulose derivatives |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1566384A true US1566384A (en) | 1925-12-22 |
Family
ID=24165139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US542752A Expired - Lifetime US1566384A (en) | 1922-03-10 | 1922-03-10 | Manufacture of artificial silk and the like from cellulose derivatives |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1566384A (en) |
-
1922
- 1922-03-10 US US542752A patent/US1566384A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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