US1559939A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 3 19 5 ,559,939 G. B. DAHL OIL Bum-1BR Filed July 9 1924 INVENTOR Georg- BHDGbhL BY Y @ 7 WQQL ATTORNEYS Patented Now 3, 1925.

UNITED STATES.

PATENT. OFFICE;

v. enonea :B, DAHL, or woonnav'mv, mrw our.

on BURNER.

1 Application fll'ed July 9,

specification.

" My invention relates to an oil burner and particularly to that type or class known as gravity feed burners.

An object of my invention is toprovide an oil burner which will efiicientl'y various kinds of oils.

A further object is to provide a burner which will pre-heat the air to. a high degree as it passes through the burner and thus materially aid and insure-the complete combustion of the fuel,

A further object is to provide a burner wherein the oil trough to which the 'oil is fed will be heated to the desired tem erature for properly vaporizing the fuel ut revented from becoming too hot, which might result in the cracking or breakin down of the oil or fuel, which would resu t in a deposit of sediment or solidmatter in the burn trough and would not provide for the efficient and complete combustion of the fuel. A further object is to provide a burner having an oil trough for properly and etfi l ciently vaporizing the fuel and so designed that the gases resulting'from the vaporization of the fuel will be superheated, so that when the superheated gases and heated air are mixed and joined together the, complete and efficient combustion will result and thereby providing for the economical operation of the burner and the maximum efiiciency of the same. v

A further object is to provide a burner with improved means for vaporizing the fuel and superheating the gases resulting from such vaporization and to cause the superheated gases to be ejected from the burner in such manner that they will have passed completely beyond the restricted opening of the burner before meeting the preheated air which flows from the burner, thereby preventing any smoke or deposit of carbon resulting from the operation of the burner.

A further object is to provide a burner so designed and arranged that as the quantity of fuel fed to the burner is increased or decreased the quantity of air flowing 1924. Serial no, 725,084.

through the burner will be correspondingly proportioned, thus providing'for the operation of the burner at its maximum etficiency throughout its entire range.

A further object is to provlde a b urner made up of separate and removable units so that all parts of the burner are readily accessible and may be easily removed and cleaned and with little or no troubleor skill returned to their roper place for the correct functioning of the burner.

With the foregoing and other objects in.

view, my invention consists inthe improved oil burner illustrated in the accompanying drawing and hereinafter described and claimed, and in such variations and modifications thereof as will be obvious to those skilled. in the art to which my invention relates, it being understood that changes ma be madewithin the scope ofwhat is cla med without departing from the spirit thereof. v

The drawing is a view in vertical section of my novel oil burner and diagrammatically" illustrating the accom anying oil suptherewith and form a part thereof.

so as to provide. for the ample supply of air through the grate bars upon which the base I novel oil burner is composed of a base 10', which is flared at its lower edge 11 1 'ply pipes andvalves whic are associated rests. The spacebetween the. outer edge of the base 10' and the side walls of the furnace in which the burner is installed may be closedby a suitable steel plate and fire clay (not shown). 1

to I

.Mounted upon the open base 10 is an air sup ly drum 13 having the opening 14 ex-' ten ing completel therethrough and communicating and a igning with the opening of the base 10. The open and upper extremity of the drum is, provided with'a s ider 15 which is characterized by the centra and- Extending vertically extending hub 16. through the hub is the longitudinal opening 17 which slidably receives the stem 18, upon the upper extremity of which latter is mounted an air dome 19-. The air dome is of inverted cup shape, with the lower side walls extending down over and embracing,

although spaced from, the upper extremity of the drum: 13. .The stem 18 is provided with a suitable-nut 20 which rests upon the top of the hub 16 and limits the downward travel or lowermost position of the air dome. The stem 18 which is threaded into the air dome extends'entirely therethrough re ceives the eye 21 upon its upperjextremity 'so that the air dome may be easily raised v sembld in place,

The open ended air supply drum 13 is provided at its lower extremity with .the outstandin flange 22and u on which outstanding ange 1s assemble and mounted the oil-receiving trough 23. This (oil-re- "ceiving trough is preferably of V-shape',

cross section, and is in the nature of a ring entirely surrounding and assembled upon the air supply drum. This oil trough includes the two upwardly exitendingand outwardly flared side walls 24 and 25 and the downwardly extending supporting lugs or legs 26. In this connection, it is to be noted that the legs 26 are spaced equally around the trough, there being as few a number as consistent with the proper support of the oiltrough so as to prevent undue transfer or loss of heat from the oil trough to the air supply drum. 1

Attention is called to the adjacent and inwardly flared side wall 2'? of the airsupply drum, which is opposite the oil trough as this inward tapering corresponds to the inward extent or tapering of the side wall 25 of the trough and thus-provides a spacing between the inner wallof the oil trough and the adjacent wall of the air supply drum, and which space'is preferably filled a suitable heat-insulating material 28.

b The upper edges ofthe walls of the oil trough project practically upward in a vertical manner, the inner wall 25 being spaced from the adjacent wall of the air su ply drum, as illustrated. The upper edge e the inner wall 25 is downwardly bevelled as at.

29 and receives thereon the air deflector 30, the same being in the nature of a ring and I this is. also slightly spacedfrom the wall of the drum so as to re'vent undue loss-or transfer of heat. The air deflecting ring 30" projects outwardly and downwardly and Y and makes a fairly tight joint with the into the space defined by the sidewalls of the oil trough. I 3 Mounted within the oil trough is the raporizing ring 31, the outer peri hery 32 of which vaporizing ring or mem er contacts inner surface of the outer wall of the oil 1 The inner surfaces of the'oil trough are trough, while the inner periphery 33 of this vaporizin face 34 or the inner wall of the trough.

approximately V-shaped and the lower surfaces of the vaporizing ring are approximately the same, although spaced thereabove.

The vaporizing ring extends close to but s aced a slight distance below the outer an lower extremity ot the air deflect ring extends parallel to but is spaced a s i'ght distance from the inner sur- 'ing ring 30 so asto define a'res'tricted opening 85 through which the gases from the oil trough must flow.

- 'All oil inlet pipe 86 communicates at two or more points (only twobeing shown) with the lowermost level of the oil trough, so that as the liquid fuel flows by gravity through the pipe 3dinto. the oil trough it will immediately flow entirely therearound and presupposing that theentire apparatus has been initially heated the oil in the trough will be immediately vaporized and the gases will flow up behind thevaporizing ring and thence outwardly through the restricted opening 35, as indicated by the.

arrow A. Air entering through the base 10 flows upwardly through the open-ended air supply drum 13 and meeting the inner wall of the air-dome 19 causes a high degree of preheatin of the air, which air then dows downwardl as indicated by the arrow B and escapes through the openingjbetween the lower edge 37 of the air dome and the,

adjacent surface of the air deflector 30. The air hitting against the top of the downwardly diverging air deflector is caused-to fiow outwardly and downwardl and in so doing meets with the. gaseous tuel flowing.

-which the 011 enters the trough,'the liquid fuel will be efficiently vaporlzed but will not be cracked or broken down into its various constituencies. The vaporizing ring on the other hand will become and remain highly heated, so that as the oil vapors arise 31 and the outer edge 38 of the llll) I In from' the oil ring they will impinge and strike against the inner surface of the vaporizing ring and become highly-o1 superheated and in such condition will flow upwardly and rearwardly behind the vaporizing ring to escape through the restricted opening below the air deflector, as previously described. The entire burning of the gases will therefore take place externally ot' the burner and theproper vaporization of the fuel and the super-heating of the fur-l gases provide that a comJlete combustion will always take place an that the maximum ei'iiciency and economy will be obtained: l urthen-the presence oil the highly heated vaporizing ring directly above the fuel allows a comparatively low Baumtest oil to be elliciently burned.

Connected to the oil supply pipe 36 is what is known as an over-dew cut-ofi valve nmates 3i? and to which is connected the fuel supply pipe 40. The cut-off valve is provided wit the usual type of regulating or controlling v pail 42- and when the latterbecomes filled. to a predetermined height the weight will be suflicient to'operatezthe trigger 43 and automatically close the valve andthus en-f tirely shut 0d the oil. The overflow pipe- 44 communicates at its'npper extremit --with"- the oil trough 23 at about the levelin "cated by the dotted lines 45, so that should tor any reason-the burner go out or should the-"oil supplied to the burner become 'exeess'iveand greater than the burner could pro erly vaporize and burn the oil upon r'eac ing the level 45. will flow into the overflow pipe and automatically shut ofi the burner; 4

In the burning of some ades'of oil I find it desirable to regulate t e air supplied to the burner in accordance with the quantity ofoil supplied and to this end I have provided the spider 15- with the downwardly extending lug 46 and u on which is mounted.

the horizontally exten ing lever 47 the one end of which impinges against the lower'protruding end 48 of the stem 18, upon which latter is mounted the air dome 19. The oppositeend of the lever 47 is connected by' a linkage 49! to the control handle 41 of the regu 41 is moved to increase the quantit of oil supplied to the burner the air ome 19' throughthe linkage and leverage mentioned will be raised a proper and proportional amount, .thus increasing the space between thelower ed e of the air dome 37 and the adjacent su ace of the air deflector 30 and thereby providing for more air to pass throu h the burner. In some instances I may nd it desirable to disconnect the link-:

age 49 from the regulating handle 41 of the admission valve and to manually raise and lower the air dome, the linkage 49 being assumed to beef sufficient weight to counterbalance the weight of the air dome and hold it in adjusted position. It might be mentioned in this connection also that 'duringff the operation of the burner the air sup ly drum becomes heated andthe air dome he comes quite hot so as to efiicientlyheatthe' air supply to the zone at which the combust-ion takes place. i

In the practical operation of theburner, should any sediment or foreign matter collect in the trough or upon the various parts they may be readily removed and the burner cleaned by first removing the airdome-and then removing the air deflector and the I claim. and desire to secure ,by, Letters ating valve 39, so that as the handle oil'trough is readily accessible and may be easily and readily cleaned and freed of any foreign matter which may be therein. The

vaporizing ring and air deflector may also .be readily-cleaned and replaced, as wellas:

the air doine. Thus the burner maybe maintained in eflicient conditionyalthough I have i found that even after weeks of continuous service,v due tothe construction and operation of theburner, there was nov sediment or collection 0f; carbon whatever upon any of theburner parts and that tests upon the flue gases resulting'from the burner showed a-- veryzhigh percentage of CO indicating that the burner-was operating at its max mum eflieiency.'- v i Having thus fully described my invention,

Patent-z 1. oil burner comprising an open ended air inlet member, a ring-like oil trough associated with said air inlet member, a vaporizing rin mounted withinand extending. across sai oil trough and terminating short .of one side wall thereof, an air deflector extending above and stopping adjavaporizing ring to the atmosphere, and means forcausing the air flowing through cent to the one edge. of said vaporizing ring 1 and forming a restricted opening therewith f or; the passage of gases from below said said air inlet'member to join andcommingle a with the gases flowing stricted opening. Y. 2. An oil burner comprising an open-' through said reended' air supply drum, an oil trough as sociated therewith and heat-insulated therefrom, a vaporizing member mounted within said oil trough and positioned above the bottom wall thereof and stoppingshort of one side wallthereof, means assoclated with said oil trough for causing the vaporized fuel which flows up from behind the vaporizing ring to flow through the restricted opening out and across the vaporizing ring, and means for supplying air to the aseous fuel as it passes om said restricte open in K oil burner comprising an openended air supply member, an oil-receiving trough associated therewith, a vaporizing ring; associated with said oil trough and spaced above the bottom wall thereof and terminating short of one side wall of said oil trough, amember associated with said and direct the incoming air'down and across the restricted opening of the vaporizing ng. I

l 4. An oil burner comprising an openended air supply member, an oil-receiving ill I trough associated therewith, a vaporizing air down and Lao ringassociated with said oil trough and spaced abo-vethe bottom wall thereof and terminating short of the side walls of said oil trough, a member associated with said oil trough and forming with saidvaporizing ring, a restricted opening, an inverted cup-shaped air' dome associated with said air supply member and adapted to heat and direct the incoming airjdown and across the restricted opening of the vaporizing ring, and means for. raising and lowering said air dome to increase.and decrease the air passing through said burner.

5. An oil burner comprising an open ended air supply member, an oil-receiving trough associated therewith, a vaporizing .ring assoc ated with said 011 trough and spaced above the bottom wall thereof and terminating short of'the inner side wall of said oiltrongh, an air deflector associated with said oil trough and forming with said vaporizing ring a restricted opening for the passage of the gaseous fuel therefrom, an air dome associated with said air supply member and adapted to direct the incoming across the said restricted opening'. 7

' 6. An oil burner comprising an openended airsupply member,-an oil receiving trough associated therewith, a vapofiziiig ringassociated with said oil trough and spaced above the bottom Wall thereof and terminating short ofthe inner side wall of said oil trough, an air deflector associated with said-oil trough'and forming. with said vaporizing ring arestricted opening for the passage of the gaseous fuel therefrom, an air dome associated with said air supply member and adapted to direct the incoming air down and across the said re-' waeee stricted opening, means for raising and lowering said air dome to regulate the quantity of air passing through said burner.

7. An oil burner comprising an openvaporizing ring a restricted opening for the passage of the gaseous fuel therefrom,

- an air dome associated with said air supply member and adapted to direct the incoming air down and across the said re stricted opening, means for raising and lowering said air dome to regulate the quantity of airpassing th ough said burner, and means connected to said air dome adapted to regulate thequantity of fuel supply to said burner proportional to the quantity of air passing throughthe said burner.

8. An oil burner comprising an openended drum, an oil trough associated therewith and external thereof, a vaporizing member carried by said oil trough spaced above thebottom Wallsthereof and stop-v ping short of the inner side wall of the trough, an air deflector mounted upon the top of the inner side Wall of the oil trough and extending down close to the top of the vaporizing ring and forming a fuel delivery orifice therewith, an air supply and controlling member extending down close to the upper surface of said air deflector.

Signed at New York, borough of Manhattan,- in the county of New York and State of New York, this 2nd day of July,

A. D, 1924. i

r GEORGE B. DAHL.

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