US1549591A - Method of heat treating porcelain - Google Patents

Method of heat treating porcelain Download PDF

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Publication number
US1549591A
US1549591A US17260A US1726025A US1549591A US 1549591 A US1549591 A US 1549591A US 17260 A US17260 A US 17260A US 1726025 A US1726025 A US 1726025A US 1549591 A US1549591 A US 1549591A
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porcelain
vessel
heat treating
rod
tube
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US17260A
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Frederick S Mccullough
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/78—Processes of molding using vacuum

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of firing or heat treating porcelain or similar earthen substances.
  • the object of the present invention 1s to provide a method of heat treating or firing porcelain wherein the porcelain may be subjected to extremely high temperatures in a vacuum, whereby a porcelain of very fine grade may be obtained, and a porcelain suitable for various purposes of a scientific nature can be produced.
  • the invention contemplates the firing of the porcelain either in an evacuated vessel in which the porcelain is, permanently mounted foruse, or. the heat treating of porcelain in a vessel from which it maybe subsequently removed for use in various devices.
  • Fig. 1 represents a vertical section through a vessel' having a porcelain rod therein, and having elements associated in the vessel.
  • Fig. 2 represents a transverse section on line II-II of Fig. 1; and v Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showingz-a slightly modified arrangement.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 designates a suitable envelope which may have a perma- 8 that maybe-carried by the plug 6, is a metallic sleeve 9, into which is set or fitted a raw or partially fired porcelain or other earthen rod 10.
  • a' coilll Surrounding the vessel 5 is a' coilll which may be connected with a high frequency alternating circuit designated w. i p
  • the porcelain rod is mounted inside the metal sleeve 9, as above described, and a current of high frequency is then passed through the external coil 11.'
  • the alternating field roducedby the coil will serve to induce .e dy currents in the metal sleeve 9,heating the sleeve to 'an extremely high temperature.
  • This heat will, of-course, be transmitted both b conduction and radiation to the porcelain rod 7 10, serving to fire theporcelain.
  • an extremely high vacuum may be maintained within the vessel. If the porcelain is to remain in the vessel permanently, the outlet 7 may be sealed off upon completion of the firing operation.
  • the method is substantially similar.
  • 12 designates the envelope
  • 13 the plug at the base of-the envelope
  • 14 is the connection to the exhaust line
  • 15 is the supporting stem in the base or plug which carries the metal cylinder 16;
  • the ,porcelain rod 17 is inserted in the tube 16.
  • a second tube 18 of larger diameter Surrounding the tube 16 and spaced therefrom, there may be a second tube 18 of larger diameter. This second tube may be carried on a suitable support, such as 19. Surrounding the envelope is the coil 20 connected in the high frequency circuit including a source :0. p
  • the external cylinder 18 will be heated to an extremely high temperature by the introduction of eddy currents therein when the external coil is energized. Heat from this plate or tube will be radiated and concentrated on theinner tube 16, by means of which the porcelain rod 17 will be hi hly heated.
  • the method of firing porcelain which consists in placing the porcelain within a metal receptacle inside of an evacuated vessel, and maintaining an alternating current field about the vessel to heat said metal receptacle.
  • the method of heat treatin porcelain which consists in placing a porce ain rod inside a metal cylinder, mounting said cylinder and rod within a vessel, connecting said vessel to an exhausting pum exhausting the vessel, and heating the cy inder and the porcelain by means of an external coil.
  • the method of heat treating porcelain which consists in forming a porcelain rod, enclosing the porcelain rod in a metallic cylinder, mounting such cylinder and rod inside a vessel, surrounding the cylinder and rod with a second cylinder, connecting said vessel with an. exhaust pump exhausting the vessel, and maintaining an alternating current field within the tube to heat the metal cylinders and the porcelain within the tube;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Description

Aug. 11, 1925.
F. S. M CULLOUGH METHOD OF HEAT TREATING-PORCELAIN Filed March 21, 1925 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 1-1, 1925.
v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
Israel) or near rana'rmo roacuam.
' Application fled me. 21, m5. semiiro. 11,200.
To all whom it may concern.- Be it known that I, FREDERICK S. McCUL- LOUGH, a citizen of theUnited States, re-
- siding at -Wilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of-Heat Treating Porcelain, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to a method of firing or heat treating porcelain or similar earthen substances. F
In certain electrical and other devices for scientific and commercial use, it is desirable to have a porcelain of extremely fine ade. The object of the present invention 1s to provide a method of heat treating or firing porcelain wherein the porcelain may be subjected to extremely high temperatures in a vacuum, whereby a porcelain of very fine grade may be obtained, and a porcelain suitable for various purposes of a scientific nature can be produced.
The invention contemplates the firing of the porcelain either in an evacuated vessel in which the porcelain is, permanently mounted foruse, or. the heat treating of porcelain in a vessel from which it maybe subsequently removed for use in various devices.
The invention may be readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawing illustrating diagrammatically the method which the present invention contemplates. It will be understood that the invention is not .restricted to the. particular devices or apparatus shown, the drawin being merely for the purpose of illustration. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section through a vessel' having a porcelain rod therein, and having elements associated in the vessel.
therewith for efiecting the process;
Fig. 2 represents a transverse section on line II-II of Fig. 1; and v Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showingz-a slightly modified arrangement.
eferrmg to Figs. 1 and 2, 5 designates a suitable envelope which may have a perma- 8 that maybe-carried by the plug 6, is a metallic sleeve 9, into which is set or fitted a raw or partially fired porcelain or other earthen rod 10. Surrounding the vessel 5 is a' coilll which may be connected with a high frequency alternating circuit designated w. i p
In practicing the invention; the porcelain rod is mounted inside the metal sleeve 9, as above described, and a current of high frequency is then passed through the external coil 11.' The alternating field roducedby the coil will serve to induce .e dy currents in the metal sleeve 9,heating the sleeve to 'an extremely high temperature. This heat will, of-course, be transmitted both b conduction and radiation to the porcelain rod 7 10, serving to fire theporcelain. During the .firing operation, an extremely high vacuum may be maintained within the vessel. If the porcelain is to remain in the vessel permanently, the outlet 7 may be sealed off upon completion of the firing operation.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, the method is substantially similar. In this figure, 12 designates the envelope, 13 the plug at the base of-the envelope, 14 is the connection to the exhaust line, and 15 is the supporting stem in the base or plug which carries the metal cylinder 16; The ,porcelain rod 17 is inserted in the tube 16.
Surrounding the tube 16 and spaced therefrom, there may be a second tube 18 of larger diameter. This second tube may be carried on a suitable support, such as 19. Surrounding the envelope is the coil 20 connected in the high frequency circuit including a source :0. p
With the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, the external cylinder 18 will be heated to an extremely high temperature by the introduction of eddy currents therein when the external coil is energized. Heat from this plate or tube will be radiated and concentrated on theinner tube 16, by means of which the porcelain rod 17 will be hi hly heated. During the practice of this/met 0d,-
shell, mounting the shell in a; vessel, maintaining a vacuum in the vessel, and heating the metal shell while the same is maintained in a vacuum.
2. The method of firing porcelain which consists in placing the porcelain within a metal receptacle inside of an evacuated vessel, and maintaining an alternating current field about the vessel to heat said metal receptacle. v
3. The method of heat treating porcelain which consists in surrounding a body of porcelain with a metal casing, mounting said casing within a vessel, connecting the vessel with an exhaust line exhausting the vessel, and heating the metal casing and porcelain while the vessel is connected with the exhaust line.
4;. The method of heat treatin porcelain which consists in placing a porce ain rod inside a metal cylinder, mounting said cylinder and rod within a vessel, connecting said vessel to an exhausting pum exhausting the vessel, and heating the cy inder and the porcelain by means of an external coil.
5. The method of heat treating porcelain which consists in forming a porcelain rod, enclosing the porcelain rod in a metallic cylinder, mounting such cylinder and rod inside a vessel, surrounding the cylinder and rod with a second cylinder, connecting said vessel with an. exhaust pump exhausting the vessel, and maintaining an alternating current field within the tube to heat the metal cylinders and the porcelain within the tube; I
In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.
FREDERICK S. MCCULLOUGH.
US17260A 1925-03-21 1925-03-21 Method of heat treating porcelain Expired - Lifetime US1549591A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597469A (en) * 1949-05-19 1952-05-20 Zahnfabrik Wienand Soehne Und Process for producing artificial ceramic teeth
DE967910C (en) * 1951-08-07 1957-12-27 Hutschenreuther Process for the production of artificial teeth
US2930098A (en) * 1954-06-30 1960-03-29 Siemens Ag Production of sintered bodies from powdered crystalline materials

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597469A (en) * 1949-05-19 1952-05-20 Zahnfabrik Wienand Soehne Und Process for producing artificial ceramic teeth
DE967910C (en) * 1951-08-07 1957-12-27 Hutschenreuther Process for the production of artificial teeth
US2930098A (en) * 1954-06-30 1960-03-29 Siemens Ag Production of sintered bodies from powdered crystalline materials

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